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travel+long+distance

  • 41 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) flugstöð
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) umferðarmiðstöð
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) skaut, póll, úttak
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) útstöð
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) ólæknandi, sem er á lokastigi

    English-Icelandic dictionary > terminal

  • 42 terminal

    csatlakozás, záró, vég-, csatlakozóvég, végállomás
    * * *
    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminál
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) pályaudvar
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) kivezetés
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminál
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) végállapotú

    English-Hungarian dictionary > terminal

  • 43 flamingo

    N
    1. एक\flamingoप्रकार\flamingoकी\flamingoचिड़िया
    Flamingo birds travel a long distance to come to India in winters.

    English-Hindi dictionary > flamingo

  • 44 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminal
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) terminal
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) terminal
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) fatal
    * * *
    ter.mi.nal
    [t'ə:minəl] n 1 final, parte final, extremidade. 2 terminal (estação de ônibus, trem ou aeroporto). 3 Electr borne, terminal. 4 Comp terminal. • adj 1 terminal, final. 2 relativo ao termo. 3 limitativo.

    English-Portuguese dictionary > terminal

  • 45 terminal

    adj. son, uç, dönem sonuna ait, ölümcül hastalığın son aşamasına ait, dalın ucunda yetişen
    ————————
    n. son, uç, terminal, gar, son durak, son hece, sonek, kutup [elek.]
    * * *
    terminal
    * * *
    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminal
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) terminal, gar
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) uç, kutup
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal, uçbirim
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) şifasız

    English-Turkish dictionary > terminal

  • 46 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminal
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) končna postaja
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) pol
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) v zadnjem stadiju
    * * *
    I [tɜ:minəl]
    adjective
    mejen, ki tvori mejo; končen, poslednji, zaključni, skrajni; terminski; četrtleten, trimestralen, semestralen; logic pojmoven
    terminal station (stop) — zadnja, končna postaja (postajališče)
    II [tɜ:minəl]
    noun
    meja, konec, kraj, vrh, zaključek; linguistics končni zlog (črka, beseda); technical vijak za stiskanje (zategovanje, zaviranje); politics (v bateriji); American končna železniška postaja; university semestralni izpit

    English-Slovenian dictionary > terminal

  • 47 terminal

    electricity
    • jakorasia
    • ajankohta
    military
    • asema
    • päätepiste
    • päätetransistori
    automatic data processing
    • pääte
    technology
    • päätevahvistin
    • päätevarusteet
    • pää
    • pääteasema
    • päätepysäkki
    • pääte-
    • päätepylväs
    automatic data processing
    • päätelaite
    automatic data processing
    • päätteenkäyttäjä
    • päätekappale
    • päätesovitin
    automatic data processing
    • pääteverkko
    • raja
    • raja-
    • terminaali
    • tietokonepääte
    • termi
    • kohtio
    • liitin
    electricity
    • liitäntänapa
    • kaapelikenkä
    • napa
    technology
    • napa (tek.)
    • napa(tekniikka)
    • säilytys
    • äärimmäinen
    technology
    • pinne
    • loppu
    • loppuvaiheinen
    • loppu-
    * * *
    'tə:minəl 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminaali
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) pääteasema
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) napa
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) pääte
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) kuolemaan johtava

    English-Finnish dictionary > terminal

  • 48 terminal

    ['tɜːmɪnl] 1.
    1) (at station) terminal m.; aer. (air) terminal m.

    rail terminal — terminal, stazione di testa

    2) inform. terminale m.
    3) el. terminale m.
    2.
    1) (last) [ stage] terminale; med. (incurable) [ patient] terminale, incurabile; fig. [ boredom] mortale
    2) comm. scol. trimestrale
    * * *
    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminal
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) stazione; capolinea
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) terminale
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminale
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) terminale
    * * *
    terminal /ˈtɜ:mɪnl/
    A a.
    1 terminale; finale; estremo: (bot.) terminal leaflet, fogliolina terminale
    2 (med.) terminale: terminal ileitis, ileite terminale
    3 trimestrale; periodico: (rag.) terminal accounts, rendiconto trimestrale; terminal examinations, esami trimestrali
    4 (comput.) di terminale: terminal emulator, emulatore di terminale
    5 (elettr.) di morsetto; ai morsetti; di connessione
    B n.
    1 (elettr.) capocorda; terminale; morsetto
    2 (comput.) terminale
    3 (ferr., = terminal station) stazione di testa; capolinea
    4 ( anche bus terminal) capolinea; ( anche) città capolinea ( di autobus, ecc.)
    5 (aeron., = air terminal) aerostazione urbana; terminal
    ● (telef.) terminal block, morsettiera □ (elettr.) terminal board, morsettiera □ (bot.) terminal bud, gemma apicale □ (geol.) terminal moraine, morena frontale □ terminal tower, pilone ( di funivia o teleferica) □ (fis.) terminal velocity, velocità limite □ (elettr.) terminal voltage, tensione ai morsetti □ ( d'ospedale) terminal ward, reparto malati terminali.
    * * *
    ['tɜːmɪnl] 1.
    1) (at station) terminal m.; aer. (air) terminal m.

    rail terminal — terminal, stazione di testa

    2) inform. terminale m.
    3) el. terminale m.
    2.
    1) (last) [ stage] terminale; med. (incurable) [ patient] terminale, incurabile; fig. [ boredom] mortale
    2) comm. scol. trimestrale

    English-Italian dictionary > terminal

  • 49 terminal

    ['təːmɪnl] 1. adj
    disease nieuleczalny; patient nieuleczalnie chory
    2. n ( ELEC)
    końcówka f, przyłącze nt; ( COMPUT) terminal m; (also: air terminal) terminal m lotniczy; ( BRIT) (also: bus terminal) pętla f autobusowa
    * * *
    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminal
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) stacja końcowa
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) zacisk
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) nieuleczalny

    English-Polish dictionary > terminal

  • 50 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) lidosta; aviosabiedrības pārstāvniecība
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) galastacija
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) spaile
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) termināls
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) pēdējā stadijā
    * * *
    galapunkts, galastacija; beigu zilbe; semestra gala eksāmens; maksa par preču pārvadāšanu līdz galastacijai; spaile; terminālis; gala, beigu; periodisks; semestra; galējs, pēdējais; termināls

    English-Latvian dictionary > terminal

  • 51 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) (transporto) stotis, mazgas
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) (galinė) stotis
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) gnybtas
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminalas
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) paskutinės stadijos

    English-Lithuanian dictionary > terminal

  • 52 terminal

    adj. slut-, änd-; ytterst; termins-
    --------
    n. terminal; ändpunkt
    * * *
    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminal
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) terminal, slut-, ändstation
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) pol
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) dödlig, obotlig

    English-Swedish dictionary > terminal

  • 53 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) letištní/odbavovací budova
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) konečná stanice
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) koncovka
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminál
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) v konečném stadiu
    * * *
    • koncový
    • konečný

    English-Czech dictionary > terminal

  • 54 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) letisková budova
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) konečná stanica
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) koncovka
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminál
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) v konečnom štádiu
    * * *
    • v termíne
    • vrcholový
    • vývod
    • záverecný
    • zakoncenie
    • zanmenajúci koniec
    • zakoncit
    • semestrálny
    • semestrálny (škol.)
    • špicka bleskozvodu
    • špicka
    • štvrtrocný (škol.)
    • štvrtrocná skúška
    • svorka
    • subjektový
    • terminál
    • termínový
    • terminálny
    • tvoriaci medzník
    • tvoriaci koniec
    • predikátový
    • prísudkový
    • hrot
    • hranicný
    • hranica
    • polrocný (škol.)
    • pól
    • polrocná skúška
    • koncová jednotka
    • koniec
    • koniec drôtu
    • koncový
    • konecný
    • kolícek
    • koncové zariadenie
    • koncovka
    • konecná stanica
    • mesto na konci trati
    • medzný
    • medza

    English-Slovak dictionary > terminal

  • 55 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) aerogară
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) gară/staţie terminus
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) bornă
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) în fază terminală

    English-Romanian dictionary > terminal

  • 56 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) τερματικός σταθμός, κεντρικό κτίριο αερολιμένα
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) σταθμός λεωφορείων
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) πόλος
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) τερματικό
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) τερματικός, στο τελευταίο στάδιο

    English-Greek dictionary > terminal

  • 57 bus

    [bʌs]
    n
    автобус, омнибус
    - double-decker bus
    - local bus
    - long-distance bus
    - school bus
    - convenient bus
    - sightseeing bus
    - arrive by bus
    - take a bus
    - get off the bus
    - catch the 8 o'clock bus
    - miss the last bus
    - drive a bus
    - ride a bus
    - go by bus
    - get off a bus
    USAGE:
    (1.) Существительное bus и названия других средств передвижения в сочетаниях с глаголами to go, to come, to travel и т. п. употребляются без артикля: to go by bus ездить автобусом. В сочетаниях с глаголами to get on, to get off, to catch, to miss эти существительные употребляются с определенным артиклем: to get on (off) the bus сесть в автобус (сойти с автобуса); to catch the eight o'clock bus успеть на восьмичасовой автобус; to miss the last bus опоздать на последний автобус, т. к. имеется в виду "тот, в котором человек ехал", "на который спешил" и т. д.. С глаголом to take эти существительные употребляются с неопределенным артиклем: to take a bus поехать (каким-нибудь) автобусом, сесть на (любой) автобус - в котором летел, ехал. (2.) Существительное bus и другие названия средств передвижения в значении места действия употребляются с определенным артиклем: читать (встретить кого-либо, спать) в автобусе (поезде, самолете) соответствуют to read (to meet smb, to sleep) in the bus (in the train, in the plane). (3.) При указании маршрута существительные bus, train, trolley-bus употребляются с количественным числительным, которое стоит после этих слов. Артикль в этих случаях не употребляется: take bus eight, tram five сесть на восьмой автобус, пятый трамвай/автобус восемь, трамвай пять. Числительное может стоять перед словом bus (tram, trolley-bus), но в этом случае ему предшествует артикль: to take the eight bus, then the ten tram сесть на восьмой автобус, затем на десятый трамвай. (4.) See boat, n

    English-Russian combinatory dictionary > bus

  • 58 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) aérogare
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) terminus
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) borne
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) en phase terminale

    English-French dictionary > terminal

  • 59 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminal
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) terminal
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) terminal
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) terminal

    English-Portuguese (Brazil) dictionary > terminal

  • 60 Stephenson, George

    [br]
    b. 9 June 1781 Wylam, Northumberland, England
    d. 12 August 1848 Tapton House, Chesterfield, England
    [br]
    English engineer, "the father of railways".
    [br]
    George Stephenson was the son of the fireman of the pumping engine at Wylam colliery, and horses drew wagons of coal along the wooden rails of the Wylam wagonway past the house in which he was born and spent his earliest childhood. While still a child he worked as a cowherd, but soon moved to working at coal pits. At 17 years of age he showed sufficient mechanical talent to be placed in charge of a new pumping engine, and had already achieved a job more responsible than that of his father. Despite his position he was still illiterate, although he subsequently learned to read and write. He was largely self-educated.
    In 1801 he was appointed Brakesman of the winding engine at Black Callerton pit, with responsibility for lowering the miners safely to their work. Then, about two years later, he became Brakesman of a new winding engine erected by Robert Hawthorn at Willington Quay on the Tyne. Returning collier brigs discharged ballast into wagons and the engine drew the wagons up an inclined plane to the top of "Ballast Hill" for their contents to be tipped; this was one of the earliest applications of steam power to transport, other than experimentally.
    In 1804 Stephenson moved to West Moor pit, Killingworth, again as Brakesman. In 1811 he demonstrated his mechanical skill by successfully modifying a new and unsatisfactory atmospheric engine, a task that had defeated the efforts of others, to enable it to pump a drowned pit clear of water. The following year he was appointed Enginewright at Killingworth, in charge of the machinery in all the collieries of the "Grand Allies", the prominent coal-owning families of Wortley, Liddell and Bowes, with authorization also to work for others. He built many stationary engines and he closely examined locomotives of John Blenkinsop's type on the Kenton \& Coxlodge wagonway, as well as those of William Hedley at Wylam.
    It was in 1813 that Sir Thomas Liddell requested George Stephenson to build a steam locomotive for the Killingworth wagonway: Blucher made its first trial run on 25 July 1814 and was based on Blenkinsop's locomotives, although it lacked their rack-and-pinion drive. George Stephenson is credited with building the first locomotive both to run on edge rails and be driven by adhesion, an arrangement that has been the conventional one ever since. Yet Blucher was far from perfect and over the next few years, while other engineers ignored the steam locomotive, Stephenson built a succession of them, each an improvement on the last.
    During this period many lives were lost in coalmines from explosions of gas ignited by miners' lamps. By observation and experiment (sometimes at great personal risk) Stephenson invented a satisfactory safety lamp, working independently of the noted scientist Sir Humphry Davy who also invented such a lamp around the same time.
    In 1817 George Stephenson designed his first locomotive for an outside customer, the Kilmarnock \& Troon Railway, and in 1819 he laid out the Hetton Colliery Railway in County Durham, for which his brother Robert was Resident Engineer. This was the first railway to be worked entirely without animal traction: it used inclined planes with stationary engines, self-acting inclined planes powered by gravity, and locomotives.
    On 19 April 1821 Stephenson was introduced to Edward Pease, one of the main promoters of the Stockton \& Darlington Railway (S \& DR), which by coincidence received its Act of Parliament the same day. George Stephenson carried out a further survey, to improve the proposed line, and in this he was assisted by his 18-year-old son, Robert Stephenson, whom he had ensured received the theoretical education which he himself lacked. It is doubtful whether either could have succeeded without the other; together they were to make the steam railway practicable.
    At George Stephenson's instance, much of the S \& DR was laid with wrought-iron rails recently developed by John Birkinshaw at Bedlington Ironworks, Morpeth. These were longer than cast-iron rails and were not brittle: they made a track well suited for locomotives. In June 1823 George and Robert Stephenson, with other partners, founded a firm in Newcastle upon Tyne to build locomotives and rolling stock and to do general engineering work: after its Managing Partner, the firm was called Robert Stephenson \& Co.
    In 1824 the promoters of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway (L \& MR) invited George Stephenson to resurvey their proposed line in order to reduce opposition to it. William James, a wealthy land agent who had become a visionary protagonist of a national railway network and had seen Stephenson's locomotives at Killingworth, had promoted the L \& MR with some merchants of Liverpool and had carried out the first survey; however, he overreached himself in business and, shortly after the invitation to Stephenson, became bankrupt. In his own survey, however, George Stephenson lacked the assistance of his son Robert, who had left for South America, and he delegated much of the detailed work to incompetent assistants. During a devastating Parliamentary examination in the spring of 1825, much of his survey was shown to be seriously inaccurate and the L \& MR's application for an Act of Parliament was refused. The railway's promoters discharged Stephenson and had their line surveyed yet again, by C.B. Vignoles.
    The Stockton \& Darlington Railway was, however, triumphantly opened in the presence of vast crowds in September 1825, with Stephenson himself driving the locomotive Locomotion, which had been built at Robert Stephenson \& Co.'s Newcastle works. Once the railway was at work, horse-drawn and gravity-powered traffic shared the line with locomotives: in 1828 Stephenson invented the horse dandy, a wagon at the back of a train in which a horse could travel over the gravity-operated stretches, instead of trotting behind.
    Meanwhile, in May 1826, the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway had successfully obtained its Act of Parliament. Stephenson was appointed Engineer in June, and since he and Vignoles proved incompatible the latter left early in 1827. The railway was built by Stephenson and his staff, using direct labour. A considerable controversy arose c. 1828 over the motive power to be used: the traffic anticipated was too great for horses, but the performance of the reciprocal system of cable haulage developed by Benjamin Thompson appeared in many respects superior to that of contemporary locomotives. The company instituted a prize competition for a better locomotive and the Rainhill Trials were held in October 1829.
    Robert Stephenson had been working on improved locomotive designs since his return from America in 1827, but it was the L \& MR's Treasurer, Henry Booth, who suggested the multi-tubular boiler to George Stephenson. This was incorporated into a locomotive built by Robert Stephenson for the trials: Rocket was entered by the three men in partnership. The other principal entrants were Novelty, entered by John Braithwaite and John Ericsson, and Sans Pareil, entered by Timothy Hackworth, but only Rocket, driven by George Stephenson, met all the organizers' demands; indeed, it far surpassed them and demonstrated the practicability of the long-distance steam railway. With the opening of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway in 1830, the age of railways began.
    Stephenson was active in many aspects. He advised on the construction of the Belgian State Railway, of which the Brussels-Malines section, opened in 1835, was the first all-steam railway on the European continent. In England, proposals to link the L \& MR with the Midlands had culminated in an Act of Parliament for the Grand Junction Railway in 1833: this was to run from Warrington, which was already linked to the L \& MR, to Birmingham. George Stephenson had been in charge of the surveys, and for the railway's construction he and J.U. Rastrick were initially Principal Engineers, with Stephenson's former pupil Joseph Locke under them; by 1835 both Stephenson and Rastrick had withdrawn and Locke was Engineer-in-Chief. Stephenson remained much in demand elsewhere: he was particularly associated with the construction of the North Midland Railway (Derby to Leeds) and related lines. He was active in many other places and carried out, for instance, preliminary surveys for the Chester \& Holyhead and Newcastle \& Berwick Railways, which were important links in the lines of communication between London and, respectively, Dublin and Edinburgh.
    He eventually retired to Tapton House, Chesterfield, overlooking the North Midland. A man who was self-made (with great success) against colossal odds, he was ever reluctant, regrettably, to give others their due credit, although in retirement, immensely wealthy and full of honour, he was still able to mingle with people of all ranks.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, on its formation in 1847. Order of Leopold (Belgium) 1835. Stephenson refused both a knighthood and Fellowship of the Royal Society.
    Bibliography
    1815, jointly with Ralph Dodd, British patent no. 3,887 (locomotive drive by connecting rods directly to the wheels).
    1817, jointly with William Losh, British patent no. 4,067 (steam springs for locomotives, and improvements to track).
    Further Reading
    L.T.C.Rolt, 1960, George and Robert Stephenson, Longman (the best modern biography; includes a bibliography).
    S.Smiles, 1874, The Lives of George and Robert Stephenson, rev. edn, London (although sycophantic, this is probably the best nineteenthcentury biography).
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Stephenson, George

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