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1 POINT
(verb): The phrase tentanë numenna, translated “pointed westward”, would indicate that the verb glossed DIRECT TOWARD (q.v.) can also be translated “point”. Tentanes formenna “it pointed northwards” –VT49:23, 26 (noun) mentë (end), tixë (dot, tiny mark), tildë (horn), variant tillë (tip) (also used of fingers and toes, VT47:10, 26; see UP-POINT, UNDER-POINT), amatixë (point/dot over the line of writing, variant amatexë in VT46:20), unutixë (point/dot under the line of writing; the initial element unu- was misread as "nun-" in the Etymologies as printed in LR, see VT46:19). SPEAR-POINT nasta (spear-head, gore, triangle). –MET, TIK/VT46:19, TIL/VT47:10, 26, SNAS/VT46:14 -
2 AS
(prep) ve (like). The longer variant sívë appears to introduce a comparison with something that is near to the point or thought of the speaker, whereas tambë introduces a comparison with something remote, as in Tolkien's translation of one line from the Lord's Prayer: cemendë tambë Erumandë "on earth as in heaven" ("heaven" being remote – we may theorize that "in heaven as [here] on earth" would translate as *Erumandë sívë cemendë, since "earth" would represent the position of the speaker). NOTE: a homophone sívë means "peace". The word yan, related to the relative ya “which”, is also defined “as” in one text (VT49:18). AS REGARDS pa, pá (concerning, touching). AS USUAL ve senwa (also ve senya, but see USUAL). –Nam/RGEO:66, 67, VT43:12, 38, VT44:26, VT49:22 -
3 AWAY
oa, oar (viewed from the point of view of the thing, person, or place left). Oar is used of movement only, as in "I went away". See also GO AWAY. –WJ:366 cf. 361, VT39:6. -
4 DOT
pica (small spot), tixë (tiny mark, point), amatixë (point over the line of writing; variant amatexë in VT46:19), unutixë (point under the line of writing; the initial element unu- was misread as "nun-" in the Etymologies as printed in LR, see VT46:19) –PIK, TIK/VT46:19 -
5 FINGER
(noun) leper (pl. leperi given). In an earlier source, the Etymologies, Tolkien gave the Quenya word for "finger" as lepsë (possibly with stem lepsi-, as indicated by the deleted ancestral form lepti, see VT45:27). The term ortil (ortill-, pl. ortilli given), "up-point", is also used for "finger". Special words for the various fingers, see THUMB, INDEX FINGER/FIRST FINGER, MIDDLE FINGER, FOURTH FINGER, LITTLE FINGER. Adj. FINGERED \#lepta (isolated from raccalepta "clawfingered") PICK (UP, OUT) WITH THE FINGERS or FEEL WITH FINGERTIPS lepta- –VT44:16/VT45:27/VT47:10 14, 24, LEP, SD:68, 72 (vb) lepta- (feel with fingertips; to pick up/out with the fingers) –VT44:16, VT47:10, 25 -
6 THEIR
may be expressed as the ending -lta (also -ltya) added to nouns (VT49:16), e.g. *aldalta or *aldaltya = “their tree”. – In some sources, Tolkien instead gives the ending as -nta (nassentar pl. “their true-being[s]”, PE17:174) or -ntya (called an “archaic” form in VT49:17), just as he hesitated between -ltë and -ntë as the ending for “they” (VT49:17; see THEY). In “colloquial Quenya”, the ending -rya could also be used for the plural pronoun “their” (símaryassen “in their imaginations”, VT49:16), because it was felt to contain the plural ending -r, but in “correct” written Quenya -rya was rather the ending for “his, her, its” (VT49:17). – According to VT49:17, the vowel -i- is inserted before the ending -lta/-ltya or -nta/-ntya when it is added to a stem ending in a consonant (but the evidence concerning connecting vowels before pronominal endings is rather diverse). – All these words for “their” are plural; the ending for dual “their” (describing something owned by two persons) is given in VT49:16 as -sta, but this clashes with a similar ending belonging to the second rather than the third person. The corresponding ending for “they” was (according to VT49:51) changed from -stë to -ttë, seemingly implying *-tta as the ending for dual “their”: hence e.g. *aldatta, “the tree of the two of them”. – No independent words for “their, theirs” are attested. Analogy may point to *tenya (plural) and *túnya or *tunya (dual), based on (attested) ten and (unattested) *tún as the dative forms of the pronouns te, tú “they” (plural and dual, repectively). Compare such attested forms as ninya “my” and menya “our” vs. the dative pronouns nin “for me”, men “for us”. -
7 HEAD
cár (cas-) (sic in the Etymologies, but read apparently cás with stem car-; see Quenya-English list for a fuller discussion); nóla (round head, knoll); HEAD OF HAIR findessë (see HAIR). SPEAR-HEAD nasta (spear-point, gore, triangle) –KAS, NDOL, PM:345, SNAS/VT46:14 -
8 SPEAR
hatal, ehtë, stem *ehti-. (The gloss of the word ecco has also been quoted as "spear", but this is a misreading; see SPINE.) SPEAR-HEAD nehtë (gore, wedge, narrow promontory. Note: a homophone means "honeycomb"), SPEAR-POINT nasta (gore, triangle), SPEARMAN ehtyar –VT49:14, EK/EKTE, SNAS cf. VT46:14, UT:282
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