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1 binda, festa
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2 tryggja (gegn/fyrir)
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3 öruggur
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4 BJARGA
* * *I)(berg; barg, burgum; borginn), v.1) to help, save, with dat.;nema Þ. byrgi honum, unless Th. helped him;sá er öldum bergr, who saves mankind (viz. against the giants, i. e. Thor);guðs son er öllum heimi barg, who saved the whole world;impers., e-m er borgit, one is saved, comes safe and sound out of danger (brutu skip sitt ok týndu fé öllu, en mönnum varð borgit flestum);bjarga skipshöfn, to rescue the shipwrecked;bjarga skipi, to haul a ship out of the reach of the tide;bjarga hval, to secure a dead whale (by dragging it ashore);bjarga konum, to help labouring women (cf. bjargrúnar);bjarga kúm, to attend cows calving;bjarga nám, to render the last service to dead bodies (cf. nábjargir);bjarga sök, máli, to succeed in winning a case, a suit;2) refl., bjargast, to keep up the heart, esp. against cold or hunger;Oddr bargst vel á fjallinu (in a snow storm);bjargast sjálfr, to gain one’s bread;bjargast á sínar hendr, to support oneself with one’s own hands;bjargast úti, to find one’s food (graze) in the field (of cattle);Snorri góði fann, at nafni hans bargst lítt við ostinn, that he got on slowly with eating the cheese;verði þér nú at bjargast við slík sem til er, you must now put up with what you can get.(að), v. (rare), = preceding (bjargat mun málinu verða).* * *barg, burgu, borgit; pres. bergr, pl. björgum; imperat. bjarg; pret. subj. byrga: in mod. use after the Reformation this verb is constantly used weak, bjarga, að, pres. bjargar, pret. bjargat; the only remnant of the old is the sup. borgit, etc. In Norway this weak form occurs very early, e. g. bjargar, servat, Hom. 17; in Icel. the weak seldom occurs before the 15th century; bjargaðist, Fs. 143, and bjargat (sup.) = borgit, Lv. 11, are probably due to these passages being left in paper MSS.; the weak bjargaði, however, occurs in a vellum MS. of the 15th century, Þorf. Karl. 388; 1st pers. pres. bjarga, Fms. xi. 150 (MS. 13th century) seems to be a Norse idiom, [Goth. bairgan; Hel. bergan; A. S. beargan; cp. birgr]:—to save, help; with dat., bergr hverjum sem eigi er feigr (a proverb), Sturl. iii. 220; sá er öldum bergr, who saves mankind, viz. against the giants, i. e. Thor, Hým. 22; nema Þorgeirr byrgi honum, Rd. 295: absol., Guð barg (by God’s grace) er konungrinn varð eigi sárr, Fms. v. 268: in theol. sense, vildu þeir eigi snúast til mín at ek byrga þeim, 656 C. 23, Hom. l. c.: impers., e-m er borgit, is saved, comes safe and sound out of danger, Fær. 178, Hkv. Hjörv. 29.2. a law term; b. sök, máli, to find a point of defence; hann bergr þeim kosti sökinni, at …, Grág. i. 40; bergsk hann við bjargkviðinn, he is free by virtue of the verdict, 36; borgit mun nú verða at lögum, i. e. there will be some means of putting it right, Lv. 11, Nj. 36.3. special phrases; b. skipshöfn, to pick up the shipwrecked, Þorf. Karl. l. c., Fms. xi. 412; skipi, to haul a ship out of the reach of tides and waves, Grág. ii. 385; hval, to drag a dead whale ashore, Gþl. 461: to help labouring women (v. bjargrúnar), Sdm. 9; b. nám (v. nábjargir), to render the last service to a dead body, 33; b. kúm, to attend cows casting calf, Bjarn. 32; b. búfé, to milk ewes, N. G. L. i. 10; b. brókum, cacare, Fms. xi. 150.II. recipr. of mutual help; bjargast at allir saman, to be saved all in common, Hkr. ii. 347.III. reflex., bjargask vel, to behave well, keep the heart up, esp. in cold or hunger; Oddr bargst vel á fjallinu (in snow storm), Sturl. iii. 215, Orkn. 324, of one shipwrecked; b. úti, of cattle, to graze, N. G. L. i. 25; b. sjálfr, to gain one’s bread, Grág. i. 294; b. á sínar hendr (spýtur), to support oneself with one’s own hands, Fms. ii. 159: of food or drink, cp. bergja; Snorri goði fann, at nafni hans bargst lítt við ostinn, that he got on slowly eating the cheese, Eb. 244; hann spurði, hví hann byrgist svá lítt (v. l. mataðist svá seint), … why he ate so slowly, id.; verði þér nú at bjargast við slíkt sem til er, you must put up with what you can get, Germ. für lieb nehmen, Eg. 204; hon bað fyrir þær matar ok burgust þær við þat, Clem. 26; hon bjargaðist (= bargst) lítt við þá fæðu er til var, she could hardly eat the food they had (v. l. hjúkaðist), Fs. 174. Part. borginn, used as adj. and even in compar.; impers., erat héra (héri = hegri = duck) at borgnara þótt hæna beri skjöld, the drake is none the better off though a hen shield him, metaph. of a craven, Fs. 174, Fms. vii. 116: [Early Engl. to borrow = to save, ‘who borrowed Susanna out of wo,’ Sir Guy of Warwick.] -
5 festar-hæll
m. a fastening pin, put in the eye of the rope to secure it, Edda 20, Grág. i. 150, Grett. 141. -
6 FRELSA
* * *(-ta, -tr), v.1) to free, deliver, rescue (f. landit af hernaði);2) f. e-m e-t, to rescue (secure) a thing for one (til at f. honum sína föðurleifð);3) refl., frelsast, to save oneself, escape.* * *t, mod. að, to free; frelstr, Fms. i. 79; pret. frelsti, 225. 70, Sks. 660, Gullþ. 4; frelstisk, Fms. vii. 59, x. 404, 413; frelstusk, Sks. 587 (frjalsti B); pres. frelsir, 655 xxxii. 4; imperat. frels, Hom. 159; part. frelst, Sturl. iii. 139: in mod. usage always frelsa, að, e. g. heldr frelsa (imperat.) oss frá íllu, in the Lord’s Prayer; this form occurs even in MSS. of the 14th century, e. g. frelsaði, Bs. i. 269 (MS. Arna-Magn. 482); but frelsi, l. c., in the older recension, Bs. i. 95: an older form frjálsa, að ( frealsa), freq. occurs in old MSS.; pres. frjálsar, Gþl. 91; frjálsaði, Dipl. i. 11; infin. frjálsa, Sks. 349, 594 B; subj. frjálsisk, 349 B; frealsaðisk, Stj. 26: [Dan. frelse; Swed. frälsa]:—to free, deliver, rescue, passim: the law phrase, frelsa e-m e-t, to rescue a thing for one; til at f. honum sína föðurleifð, Fms. ix. 329; Egill kvaðsk frelst hafa Þórði manna-forráð, Sturl. iii. 139; frelsa þeim jörð er á, Gþl. l. c.; ok frjálsaði jörðina honum til æfinlegrar eignar, Dipl. l. c.; hann frelsaði sér þann hlut frá, er eptir var, til forráða, Bs. i. 269; ok frelsti hón sveininum (veiðina), Gullþ. 4; frelsa þræl, to set a bondsman free, N. G. L. passim.II. reflex. to save oneself, escape, Fms. vii. 59 passim: as a law term, to get freedom, from bondage, N. G. L. i. 33: in a pass. sense, Sks. 587 passim. -
7 gíslar
f. pl.1) sureties, securities;2) securily, guard (setja g. fyrir).* * *f. pl. sureties, securities; hann tók gíslar af honum ok bóndum, Eg. 589; hann tók gíslir (v. 1. gíslar, gísla) af bóndum, Fms. ix. 313, 409, passim; gísla ( the persons) and gíslar ( the things) are often used indiscriminately.II. metaph. security, guard, in the phrase, setja gíslar fyrir, to guard, secure (vide gísl II); Hjalti bað hann gæta sín, ok setja þær gíslar fyrir sem honum þætti vænst at þeim mundi duga, Sturl. iii. 7; þá var svá gíslum skipat fyrir at á Heiðmörk vóru áttján skip í Mjörs, Fms. viii. 45. -
8 GYRÐA
(-ða, -ðr), v.1) to gird (with a belt); g. sik, to gird oneself, fasten one’s belt (cf. gyrðr í brœkr); g. sik með sverði, to gird on a sword;2) to girth (g. hest, g. söðul).* * *ð or t, [A. S. gyrðan; Engl. gird; Dan. gjorde: gerða (q. v.) and gyrða are kindred words, both formed from the Goth. gairdan, gard, gurdun; gerða, as also garðr (q. v.), from the pret.; gyrða from the participle]:— to gird oneself with a belt or the like; eptir þat gyrðir Klaufi hann svá fast ( girded his belt so tight) at hélt við meiðsl, Sd. 143; síðan gyrði mærin sik með einu ríku belti, El.; hann gyrði sik með dúki, Fms. x. 314; gyrðr í brækr, with breeks girt up, vii. 143; gyrða sik, to fasten the breeks, as the ancients used belts instead of braces; gyrða lendir sínar, to gird up one’s loins, Hom. 84, Stj. passim; fésjóð er hann var gyrðr með, girt with a purse, from wearing the purse fastened to the girdle, Fms. vii. 142.β. to girth or saddle a horse; hann hefir ekki svá vel gyrt hest þinn, at þat muni duga, gyrtu þá betr, Ísl. ii. 340; þá setti hann söðul á hest sinn ok gyrði hann fast, Str. 47: to secure a cart load by girding it, með hlassi því er hann gyrðir eigi reipum, N. G. L. i. 379; g. hlass, taug eða reipi, 349; hann gyrði at utan, he girded it well, Fs. 66: Icel. say a horse is laus-gyrtr, fast-gyrtr, has its girths loose or tight: edged, bordered, bolli gyrðr með silfri, Hkr. iii. 81.γ. to gird oneself with a sword; konungr steypir brynju á sik ok gyrðir sik með sverðinu Kvernbít, Hkr. i. 155; hann gyrði sik með búnu sverði, Ó. H. 31.II. part. gyrðr, girt with a weapon; g. saxi, Nj. 54, Fms. ii. 83, Grett. 126; g. sverði, Eg. 285, 374, Fms. ii. 111, iv. 58, x. 201, 415, Ó. H. 116; g. skálmum, Gkv. 2. 19. -
9 hæla
d, to kick with the heel, N. G. L. i. 164.2. to secure by a peg. -
10 vita-fé
n. a law phrase, secure money, i. e. secured by a verdict or the like; þat er allt vitafé er váttar vitu, ok allt þat er dómr dæmir manni, etc., Gþl. 508; sækja sem vitafé. 306; þat er v. er fest er fyrir váttum, N. G. L. i. 221: mod. vita-skuld. -
11 ör-uggr
adj. ‘out of all concern,’ out of danger, safe, secure, Greg. 24, Fms. vi. 152: fearless, undaunted, hugdjarfr sem inn öruggazti berserkr, i. 259; öruggr í framgöngu, vi. 421; verit öruggir ok óttalausir, Ó. H. 240; drengr góðr ok ö. í öllu, Nj. 30, passim.2. resolved; þeir vöru öruggir í því at firrask Noreg sem mest, Eg. 159, Ld. 302: trusty, to be relied on, gefið eiguir þeim sem yðr eru öruggir, Fms. vii. 182, Th. 2.3. of things, safe; engi örugg fylgsni, Fms. i. 136; öruggr íss, safe ice, ix. 371; öruggr skjöldr, Finnb. 328; ö. reiði á skipi, Sks. 29; örugga hvíld ok haga, MS. 544. 14; berjask með öruggum atgangi, Ísl. ii. 268; öruggt til lækninga, Sks. 32 new Ed., Magn. 468. -
12 endrtryggja
(-ða, -ðr), v. to make secure again, reconcile. -
13 øruggr
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