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1 צרר I
צָרַרI (b. h.; v. צוּר II) 1) to surround, wrap, tie up. Ḥull.VIII, 2 צוֹרֵר אדם בשרוכ׳ one may tie up meat and cheese in one sheet. Ber.23b צורר אדם תפיליווכ׳ a man may tie up his Tfillin with his money ; לא יָצוֹר he must not do so. Tosef.Shebi.I, 9 צורר he may bandage (a fig-tree when the bark is peeled off). Cant. R. to I, 7 אני צוֹרְרָהּ לך בכנפיך I (the Lord) will tie this up in thy lap (reverential expression for, my lap), i. e I shall remember and visit this act upon thee; a. fr.Part. pass. צָרוּר; f. צְרוּרָה Gen. R. s. 14 (ref. to ויצר, Zech. 12:1) מלמד שנפשו של אדם צ׳ בקרבווכ׳ this teaches that the soul of man is tied up within him (love of life is a natural instinct), or else, when trouble comes upon him, he would detach it and cast it away. Sabb.V, 2 יוצאות צְרוּרוֹת may be let out (on the Sabbath) with their udders tied up. R. Hash. 22b מאתים זוז צְרוּרִיןוכ׳ two hundred Zuz are tied up in my cloak; a. fr. 2) (neut. verb) ( to be narrow, to cause distress; Part. צַר; imperf. יֵצַר (with ל־, or sub. ל־) to be distressed; to worry. Gen. R. s. 76 (ref. to Gen. 32:8) ויירא … וַיֵּצֶר לווכ׳ he was afraid, lest he slay, he was distressed, lest he be slain; Tanḥ. Vayishl. 4. Yeb.63b אל תֵּצַר צרתוכ׳, v. צָרָה II; a. e. Hif. הֵיצֵר 1) to be distressed, worry, feel sorry. Pesik. R. s. 3 אע״פ שה׳ הקדיםוכ׳ although he (Joseph) grieved over it, yet he (Jacob) placed Ephraim before Menasseh. Ib. היה יוסף מֵיצֵרוכ׳ Joseph grieved over it exceedingly. R. Hash. II, 9 ומצאו … מיצר R. A. found him grieving; ib. 25a מי מיצרר״ע מיצרוכ׳ which of them was grieving? was it R. A. or R. Joshua? Ib. הלך … שהיא מיצר R. A. found R. J. in distress. Cant. R. to VIII, 6 יוצאי … מְצִירִין בהם travellers suffer through them (the rains; Yalk. Is. 333 מצערים); a. fr. 2) to distress, oppress, persecute. Lam. R. to I, 5 כל מי שבא לְהָצֵרוכ׳ whoever is designated to persecute Israel, is first made a chief; Gitt.56b כל המיצרוכ׳; Snh.104b. Mekh. Bshall. s. 5 כל המצָרִים (המְצָרִין) להםוכ׳ all that are to distress them in the future; a. fr. 3) to narrow, close. Y.Taan.III, 66d (ref. to Job 36:19) אם סדרתה … מֵיצַר פיך when thou orderest thy prayer, do not narrow thy mouth (be timid in thy demands), but ‘open thy mouth wide, and I shall fill it (Ps. 81:11). Yalk. Job 927 והֵצַרְתִּיו (not והצרתי) and I closed him up. Hof. הוּצָר to become distressing, be painful. Ruth R. to I, 7 הוּצָרָה עליהם הדרךוכ׳ travelling was painful to them, because they walked barefoot. Nif. נִצְרַר to be tied up, gathered. Sabb.107b נ׳ הדםאע״פוכ׳ if (in consequence of a blow) blood is gathered (and congealed), though no bleeding took place; Ḥull.46b. Y.Sabb.VII, 10c top; a. eGen. R. s. 46 משנ׳ דמו when mans blood is tied up (runs slowly, in advanced age); Yalk. ib. 80. -
2 צָרַר
צָרַרI (b. h.; v. צוּר II) 1) to surround, wrap, tie up. Ḥull.VIII, 2 צוֹרֵר אדם בשרוכ׳ one may tie up meat and cheese in one sheet. Ber.23b צורר אדם תפיליווכ׳ a man may tie up his Tfillin with his money ; לא יָצוֹר he must not do so. Tosef.Shebi.I, 9 צורר he may bandage (a fig-tree when the bark is peeled off). Cant. R. to I, 7 אני צוֹרְרָהּ לך בכנפיך I (the Lord) will tie this up in thy lap (reverential expression for, my lap), i. e I shall remember and visit this act upon thee; a. fr.Part. pass. צָרוּר; f. צְרוּרָה Gen. R. s. 14 (ref. to ויצר, Zech. 12:1) מלמד שנפשו של אדם צ׳ בקרבווכ׳ this teaches that the soul of man is tied up within him (love of life is a natural instinct), or else, when trouble comes upon him, he would detach it and cast it away. Sabb.V, 2 יוצאות צְרוּרוֹת may be let out (on the Sabbath) with their udders tied up. R. Hash. 22b מאתים זוז צְרוּרִיןוכ׳ two hundred Zuz are tied up in my cloak; a. fr. 2) (neut. verb) ( to be narrow, to cause distress; Part. צַר; imperf. יֵצַר (with ל־, or sub. ל־) to be distressed; to worry. Gen. R. s. 76 (ref. to Gen. 32:8) ויירא … וַיֵּצֶר לווכ׳ he was afraid, lest he slay, he was distressed, lest he be slain; Tanḥ. Vayishl. 4. Yeb.63b אל תֵּצַר צרתוכ׳, v. צָרָה II; a. e. Hif. הֵיצֵר 1) to be distressed, worry, feel sorry. Pesik. R. s. 3 אע״פ שה׳ הקדיםוכ׳ although he (Joseph) grieved over it, yet he (Jacob) placed Ephraim before Menasseh. Ib. היה יוסף מֵיצֵרוכ׳ Joseph grieved over it exceedingly. R. Hash. II, 9 ומצאו … מיצר R. A. found him grieving; ib. 25a מי מיצרר״ע מיצרוכ׳ which of them was grieving? was it R. A. or R. Joshua? Ib. הלך … שהיא מיצר R. A. found R. J. in distress. Cant. R. to VIII, 6 יוצאי … מְצִירִין בהם travellers suffer through them (the rains; Yalk. Is. 333 מצערים); a. fr. 2) to distress, oppress, persecute. Lam. R. to I, 5 כל מי שבא לְהָצֵרוכ׳ whoever is designated to persecute Israel, is first made a chief; Gitt.56b כל המיצרוכ׳; Snh.104b. Mekh. Bshall. s. 5 כל המצָרִים (המְצָרִין) להםוכ׳ all that are to distress them in the future; a. fr. 3) to narrow, close. Y.Taan.III, 66d (ref. to Job 36:19) אם סדרתה … מֵיצַר פיך when thou orderest thy prayer, do not narrow thy mouth (be timid in thy demands), but ‘open thy mouth wide, and I shall fill it (Ps. 81:11). Yalk. Job 927 והֵצַרְתִּיו (not והצרתי) and I closed him up. Hof. הוּצָר to become distressing, be painful. Ruth R. to I, 7 הוּצָרָה עליהם הדרךוכ׳ travelling was painful to them, because they walked barefoot. Nif. נִצְרַר to be tied up, gathered. Sabb.107b נ׳ הדםאע״פוכ׳ if (in consequence of a blow) blood is gathered (and congealed), though no bleeding took place; Ḥull.46b. Y.Sabb.VII, 10c top; a. eGen. R. s. 46 משנ׳ דמו when mans blood is tied up (runs slowly, in advanced age); Yalk. ib. 80. -
3 שטם
שָׂטַם(b. h.; cmp. טמם) to lie in wait for; to bear a grudge against, persecute. Gen. R. s. 67, v. סִנְטֵר. Y.Ab. Zar. I, 39c (expl. ויש̇ט̇ם̇, Gen. 27:41) שנאה ט̇מ̇ונה hidden hatred. Pesik. R. s. 13 יוסף … יַיִּשְׂטְמוּהוּ והיו … ששוֹטְמָםוכ׳ his brothers sinned against Joseph, ‘and they persecuted him (Gen. 49:23), and his brothers thought that he would persecute them as they did him; אבל עשו כששְׂטָמוֹ ליעקבוכ׳ but when Esau persecuted Jacob ; a. e. Nif. נִשְׂטֵם to be hated, persecuted. Num. R. s. 145> זה נ׳ וזה נ׳ this one (Jacob) was hated (Gen. 27:41), and that one (Joseph) was hated (ib. 49:23). -
4 שָׂטַם
שָׂטַם(b. h.; cmp. טמם) to lie in wait for; to bear a grudge against, persecute. Gen. R. s. 67, v. סִנְטֵר. Y.Ab. Zar. I, 39c (expl. ויש̇ט̇ם̇, Gen. 27:41) שנאה ט̇מ̇ונה hidden hatred. Pesik. R. s. 13 יוסף … יַיִּשְׂטְמוּהוּ והיו … ששוֹטְמָםוכ׳ his brothers sinned against Joseph, ‘and they persecuted him (Gen. 49:23), and his brothers thought that he would persecute them as they did him; אבל עשו כששְׂטָמוֹ ליעקבוכ׳ but when Esau persecuted Jacob ; a. e. Nif. נִשְׂטֵם to be hated, persecuted. Num. R. s. 145> זה נ׳ וזה נ׳ this one (Jacob) was hated (Gen. 27:41), and that one (Joseph) was hated (ib. 49:23). -
5 שעבד
שִׁעְבֵּד(Shafel of עָבַד) 1) to subject, subjugate, surrender; to obligate, pledge. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to Gen. 15:13) ידוע שאני מְשעְבּדָןוכ׳ ‘knowing means that I will surrender them as slaves, ‘thou shalt know, that I will redeem them. Pesik. R. s. 15 לא כך … שהוא נְשַׁעְבְּדֵינוּ בשבעיםוכ׳ has not the Lord said, that he will make us the subjects of seventy nations? Ib. (read:) גותי אחר בא ומְשַׁעְבֵּד באחד ממנן כגון ששִׁיעְבְּדָה כל אומתו one Goth comes and enslaves one of us, that is as much as if she (Rome) had enslaved all of us; Cant. R. to 11, 8. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to Is. 66:7) קודם … מְשַׁעְבֵּד ראשוןוכ׳ before yet the first oppressor (of Israel) was born, the last redeemer was born. R. Hash. III, 8 (ref. to Num. 21:8) בזמן … ומְשַׁעְבְּדִין את לבם לאביהםוכ׳ when the Israelites looked upward and pledged their hearts to their Father in heaven, they were healed; a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּעְבְּד; pl. מְשוּעְבָּדִים, מְשוּעְבָּדִין. Num. R. s. 58> שלא … אלא מש׳ לפני הארון they were not haughty, but bore themselves like servants before the Ark. Y.Hag. III, 79b שיהא הכל מש׳ להלכה so that everything be made subject to the law; a. e.נכסים מש׳, or משועבדין (sub. נכסים) mortgaged property, i. e. property bought from a person who owes a debt collectible from his landed estate in whatever hands it may be, opp. בני חורין property in the hands of the debtor. B. Mets.13b. Gitt.50b; a. fr. 2) to vex, persecute, attempt to destroy. Ex. R. s. 22 נראה … מְשַׁעְבְּרִין את ישראל בדברוכ׳ (not על ישראל) let us see how we can persecute Israel by means of something which the Lord cannot bring upon us in the same manner; Yalk. ib. 208 אם מְשַׁעְבְּדִים אנו אותם באשוכ׳ if we destroy them through fire, their God can bring fire upon us ; בואו ונְשַׁעְבְּרֵם במים (not ונשתעכדם) come, let us destroy them through water; Yalk. Ps. 786; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד 1) (with ל) to be subjugated, be the slave or subject of. Gitt. IV, 4 עבד … אם לשום עבד יִשְׁתַּעְבֵּדוכ׳ a slave that was captured and redeemed, if he was redeemed as a slave, remains a slave; if as a freeman, he cannot be made a slave. Ib. 37b ישתעבד לרבו ראשון he is the slave of his first (original) master; לא ישתעבד … לרבו שני he is the slave neither of his first master, nor of his second master (his redeemer). Pesik. R. s. 15 במה … או שיִשְׁתַּעְבְּדו למלכיות which wilt thou choose? that thy children go down to Gehenna, or that they be subjected to successive empires? Sabb.88b אמר … לפרעה הִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתֶּם (Ms. M. נִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתֶּם) he (Moses) said to them (the angels), did you go down to Egypt? have you been slaves to Pharaoh? Midr. Till. to Ps. 78:32 (insert from Yalk. ib. 819) זה יעקב … שאילו עלה לא ירד עוד ולא היה לנו להִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד שיעבוד זה שאנו משועבדין (v. ed. Bub.) this refers to Jacob … for if he had gone up, he would not have gone down again, and we should not have to suffer the servitude to which we are now subjected; a. fr. 2) (with ב) to use as slave, enslave. Pes.118b מה הללו שנִשְׁתַּעְבְּדוּ בהן כך אני שלא נִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתִּיוכ׳ if they (the Egyptians) who treated them as slaves, fare thus, I (Cush) who did not enslave them Gitt.40a פלונית … אל ישתעבדו בהוכ׳ that handmaid of mine, they (my heirs) shall not treat her as a slave after my death. Keth.111a השביע … שלא ישתעברו בהןוכ׳ the Lord adjured the nations not to oppress Israel too hard. Men.53b; Yalk. Jer. 289 (read:) ישתעבדו בהם ארבע מלכיותוכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. to Men. l. c., note) four successive empires shall treat them as slaves, each as long ; a. fr.(Yalk. Ex. 208, v. supra. -
6 שִׁעְבֵּד
שִׁעְבֵּד(Shafel of עָבַד) 1) to subject, subjugate, surrender; to obligate, pledge. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to Gen. 15:13) ידוע שאני מְשעְבּדָןוכ׳ ‘knowing means that I will surrender them as slaves, ‘thou shalt know, that I will redeem them. Pesik. R. s. 15 לא כך … שהוא נְשַׁעְבְּדֵינוּ בשבעיםוכ׳ has not the Lord said, that he will make us the subjects of seventy nations? Ib. (read:) גותי אחר בא ומְשַׁעְבֵּד באחד ממנן כגון ששִׁיעְבְּדָה כל אומתו one Goth comes and enslaves one of us, that is as much as if she (Rome) had enslaved all of us; Cant. R. to 11, 8. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to Is. 66:7) קודם … מְשַׁעְבֵּד ראשוןוכ׳ before yet the first oppressor (of Israel) was born, the last redeemer was born. R. Hash. III, 8 (ref. to Num. 21:8) בזמן … ומְשַׁעְבְּדִין את לבם לאביהםוכ׳ when the Israelites looked upward and pledged their hearts to their Father in heaven, they were healed; a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּעְבְּד; pl. מְשוּעְבָּדִים, מְשוּעְבָּדִין. Num. R. s. 58> שלא … אלא מש׳ לפני הארון they were not haughty, but bore themselves like servants before the Ark. Y.Hag. III, 79b שיהא הכל מש׳ להלכה so that everything be made subject to the law; a. e.נכסים מש׳, or משועבדין (sub. נכסים) mortgaged property, i. e. property bought from a person who owes a debt collectible from his landed estate in whatever hands it may be, opp. בני חורין property in the hands of the debtor. B. Mets.13b. Gitt.50b; a. fr. 2) to vex, persecute, attempt to destroy. Ex. R. s. 22 נראה … מְשַׁעְבְּרִין את ישראל בדברוכ׳ (not על ישראל) let us see how we can persecute Israel by means of something which the Lord cannot bring upon us in the same manner; Yalk. ib. 208 אם מְשַׁעְבְּדִים אנו אותם באשוכ׳ if we destroy them through fire, their God can bring fire upon us ; בואו ונְשַׁעְבְּרֵם במים (not ונשתעכדם) come, let us destroy them through water; Yalk. Ps. 786; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד 1) (with ל) to be subjugated, be the slave or subject of. Gitt. IV, 4 עבד … אם לשום עבד יִשְׁתַּעְבֵּדוכ׳ a slave that was captured and redeemed, if he was redeemed as a slave, remains a slave; if as a freeman, he cannot be made a slave. Ib. 37b ישתעבד לרבו ראשון he is the slave of his first (original) master; לא ישתעבד … לרבו שני he is the slave neither of his first master, nor of his second master (his redeemer). Pesik. R. s. 15 במה … או שיִשְׁתַּעְבְּדו למלכיות which wilt thou choose? that thy children go down to Gehenna, or that they be subjected to successive empires? Sabb.88b אמר … לפרעה הִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתֶּם (Ms. M. נִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתֶּם) he (Moses) said to them (the angels), did you go down to Egypt? have you been slaves to Pharaoh? Midr. Till. to Ps. 78:32 (insert from Yalk. ib. 819) זה יעקב … שאילו עלה לא ירד עוד ולא היה לנו להִשְׁתַּעְבֵּד שיעבוד זה שאנו משועבדין (v. ed. Bub.) this refers to Jacob … for if he had gone up, he would not have gone down again, and we should not have to suffer the servitude to which we are now subjected; a. fr. 2) (with ב) to use as slave, enslave. Pes.118b מה הללו שנִשְׁתַּעְבְּדוּ בהן כך אני שלא נִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתִּיוכ׳ if they (the Egyptians) who treated them as slaves, fare thus, I (Cush) who did not enslave them Gitt.40a פלונית … אל ישתעבדו בהוכ׳ that handmaid of mine, they (my heirs) shall not treat her as a slave after my death. Keth.111a השביע … שלא ישתעברו בהןוכ׳ the Lord adjured the nations not to oppress Israel too hard. Men.53b; Yalk. Jer. 289 (read:) ישתעבדו בהם ארבע מלכיותוכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. to Men. l. c., note) four successive empires shall treat them as slaves, each as long ; a. fr.(Yalk. Ex. 208, v. supra. -
7 נגש
v. be persecuted, oppressed————————v. to collide with, * with————————v. to get near to, come close to, approach————————v. to persecute, oppress -
8 צק
v. be poured; cast, molded————————v. to bother, annoy, harass, bully, persecute————————v. to pour; cast, mold -
9 לחש II
לָחַשII (b. h.; cmp. חָשָׁה, נָחַש) to whisper. Ber.22a לְחָשָׁהּ לר׳וכ׳ said it in a whisper to R. A.Esp. to whisper an incantation, to charm. Snh.X, 1 (90a) הלוֹחֵש על המכהוכ׳ he who mumbles over a wound reciting the verse (Ex. 15:26) Ib. 101a לוֹחֲשִׁין לחישתוכ׳ you may whisper a charm over bites of serpents and scorpions on the Sabbath; (Rashi: charm serpents to make them innocuous). Y.Sabb.XIV, 14c bot. לוחשין לעיןוכ׳ you may cure by charm a sore eye ; a. v. fr. Pi. לִחֵש same, 1) to whisper, hiss (of the serpent); to inform. Tanḥ. Vaëra 4 (ref. to Ber.V, 1, v. כְּרִיכָה) מה הנחש מְלַחֵש והירג אף המלכות מְלַהֶשֶׁתוכ׳ as the serpent hisses and kills, so does the (Boman) government hiss (inform) and kill; (read:) הוא נותן את האדם בבית האסורין והוא מלחש עליו והורגו the same (officer) puts a man in prison and the same informs against him and puts him to death; Ex. R. s. 9.Tanḥ. Balak 14 מְלַחֲשִׁין אחריו ברוך שםוכ׳ they (the demons) repeat after him in a low voice, Blessed be the name ; Num. R. s. 20; a. e.Trnsf. to incite, mislead. Ber.7b; Meg.6b ואם לִחֶשְׁךָ אדם לומרוכ׳ and if one mislead thee saying ; Gitt.23b. Num. R. s. 4 מי לחשך שהוציאוכ׳ who told thee that the Lord discharged the first-born (in disgrace) ?Erub.91a מי לחשך, read הלכה כר״ש, as ib. 74a, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 90. Nif. נִלְחַש (with ל) to be hissed at, be incited. Koh. R. to X, 11 אין הנחש …אא״כ נ׳ לווכ׳ no serpent bites unless it is set on from above; ואין המלכות …אא״כ נ׳ לה מלעיל nor does government persecute a man, unless it is set on from above. -
10 לָחַש
לָחַשII (b. h.; cmp. חָשָׁה, נָחַש) to whisper. Ber.22a לְחָשָׁהּ לר׳וכ׳ said it in a whisper to R. A.Esp. to whisper an incantation, to charm. Snh.X, 1 (90a) הלוֹחֵש על המכהוכ׳ he who mumbles over a wound reciting the verse (Ex. 15:26) Ib. 101a לוֹחֲשִׁין לחישתוכ׳ you may whisper a charm over bites of serpents and scorpions on the Sabbath; (Rashi: charm serpents to make them innocuous). Y.Sabb.XIV, 14c bot. לוחשין לעיןוכ׳ you may cure by charm a sore eye ; a. v. fr. Pi. לִחֵש same, 1) to whisper, hiss (of the serpent); to inform. Tanḥ. Vaëra 4 (ref. to Ber.V, 1, v. כְּרִיכָה) מה הנחש מְלַחֵש והירג אף המלכות מְלַהֶשֶׁתוכ׳ as the serpent hisses and kills, so does the (Boman) government hiss (inform) and kill; (read:) הוא נותן את האדם בבית האסורין והוא מלחש עליו והורגו the same (officer) puts a man in prison and the same informs against him and puts him to death; Ex. R. s. 9.Tanḥ. Balak 14 מְלַחֲשִׁין אחריו ברוך שםוכ׳ they (the demons) repeat after him in a low voice, Blessed be the name ; Num. R. s. 20; a. e.Trnsf. to incite, mislead. Ber.7b; Meg.6b ואם לִחֶשְׁךָ אדם לומרוכ׳ and if one mislead thee saying ; Gitt.23b. Num. R. s. 4 מי לחשך שהוציאוכ׳ who told thee that the Lord discharged the first-born (in disgrace) ?Erub.91a מי לחשך, read הלכה כר״ש, as ib. 74a, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 90. Nif. נִלְחַש (with ל) to be hissed at, be incited. Koh. R. to X, 11 אין הנחש …אא״כ נ׳ לווכ׳ no serpent bites unless it is set on from above; ואין המלכות …אא״כ נ׳ לה מלעיל nor does government persecute a man, unless it is set on from above. -
11 שטם
שְׂטַםch. sam(שטםto lie in wait for; to bear a grudge against, persecute). Targ. Y. Gen. 27:41 Levita. -
12 שְׂטַם
שְׂטַםch. sam(שטםto lie in wait for; to bear a grudge against, persecute). Targ. Y. Gen. 27:41 Levita. -
13 שמד
שָׁמַד(b. h. Hif.; cmp. שמם, שמת) to be waste. Pi. שִׁימֵּד (to destroy,) to persecute; to force to apostasy. Gen. R. s. 82 ואם לאו הרי אני מְשַׁמֵּד אתכם and if you cannot answer, I will force you to forswear your religion; Yalk. Is. 263 אַשְׁמִיד (Hif.).Part. pass. מְשוּמָּד converted to heathenism, q. v. Hif. הִשְׁמִיד 1) to destroy. Esth. R. to III, 6 אני אמדתי להַשְׁמִידָם … להַשְׁמִידוכ׳ I (the Lord) intended to destroy them, and, as it were, could not … and thou wilt destroy, slay ? Ib. to III, 12; a. e. 2) to force to apostasy, v. supra. Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּמֵּד 1) to be destroyed, cut off. Yalk. Lev. 558 דואג נ׳ מעולםוכ׳ Doeg was cut off from this and from the other world; (Tanḥ. Mtsorʿa 2 נשתרש). 2) to apostatize. Y.Gitt.VII, beg.48c. Y.Hor.I, 45d bot. Y.Succ.V, end, 55c מרים … שנִשְׁתַּמְּדָהוכ׳ Miriam … who renounced her religion, and married a Roman officer; Tosef. ib. IV, 28d; Bab. ib. 56b Ms. M. (ed. שהמירה דתה). -
14 שָׁמַד
שָׁמַד(b. h. Hif.; cmp. שמם, שמת) to be waste. Pi. שִׁימֵּד (to destroy,) to persecute; to force to apostasy. Gen. R. s. 82 ואם לאו הרי אני מְשַׁמֵּד אתכם and if you cannot answer, I will force you to forswear your religion; Yalk. Is. 263 אַשְׁמִיד (Hif.).Part. pass. מְשוּמָּד converted to heathenism, q. v. Hif. הִשְׁמִיד 1) to destroy. Esth. R. to III, 6 אני אמדתי להַשְׁמִידָם … להַשְׁמִידוכ׳ I (the Lord) intended to destroy them, and, as it were, could not … and thou wilt destroy, slay ? Ib. to III, 12; a. e. 2) to force to apostasy, v. supra. Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּמֵּד 1) to be destroyed, cut off. Yalk. Lev. 558 דואג נ׳ מעולםוכ׳ Doeg was cut off from this and from the other world; (Tanḥ. Mtsorʿa 2 נשתרש). 2) to apostatize. Y.Gitt.VII, beg.48c. Y.Hor.I, 45d bot. Y.Succ.V, end, 55c מרים … שנִשְׁתַּמְּדָהוכ׳ Miriam … who renounced her religion, and married a Roman officer; Tosef. ib. IV, 28d; Bab. ib. 56b Ms. M. (ed. שהמירה דתה). -
15 שמד
שְׁמַדch. sam( Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּמֵּד to be destroyed, cut off). Pa. שַׁמֵּד to force to apostasy. Y.Shebi.IV, 35a bot. לא מתכוון מְשַמַּדְתְּכוֹן he has no intention to make you abandon your religion (to persecute you for your religions sake), but only to collect taxes ; Y.Snh.III, 21b top משמדתהון (corr. acc.). Ib. לא אתכוון מְשַׁמַּדְתְּהוֹןוכ׳ he had no intention to force them to violate their religious laws, but merely wanted to eat fresh bread; Y. Shebi. l. c. מְשַׁמַּדְתּוֹן. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמַּד to renounce ones religion, apostatize. Targ. O. Ex. 12:43 (h. text בן נכר).Kidd.72a שמתינהו … ואִישְׁתַּמּוּד R. A. excommunicated them, and they renounced Judaism. -
16 שְׁמַד
שְׁמַדch. sam( Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּמֵּד to be destroyed, cut off). Pa. שַׁמֵּד to force to apostasy. Y.Shebi.IV, 35a bot. לא מתכוון מְשַמַּדְתְּכוֹן he has no intention to make you abandon your religion (to persecute you for your religions sake), but only to collect taxes ; Y.Snh.III, 21b top משמדתהון (corr. acc.). Ib. לא אתכוון מְשַׁמַּדְתְּהוֹןוכ׳ he had no intention to force them to violate their religious laws, but merely wanted to eat fresh bread; Y. Shebi. l. c. מְשַׁמַּדְתּוֹן. Ithpa. אִשְׁתַּמַּד to renounce ones religion, apostatize. Targ. O. Ex. 12:43 (h. text בן נכר).Kidd.72a שמתינהו … ואִישְׁתַּמּוּד R. A. excommunicated them, and they renounced Judaism.
См. также в других словарях:
persécuté — persécuté, ée [ pɛrsekyte ] adj. et n. • 1694; de persécuter 1 ♦ En butte à une persécution. Peuple persécuté. Jean Jacques « persécuté ou croyant l être, entouré d imaginaires ennemis, d autres réels » (Henriot). 2 ♦ N. Victime d une persécution … Encyclopédie Universelle
Persecute — Per se*cute, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Persecuted}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Persecuting}.] [F. pers[ e]cueter, L. persequi, persecutus, to pursue, prosecute; per + sequi to follow, pursue. See {Per }, and {Second}.] 1. To pursue in a manner to injure, grieve … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
persecute - prosecute — ◊ persecute To persecute someone means to continually treat them badly and make them suffer, for example because of their political or religious beliefs. Members of these sects are ruthlessly persecuted. They claim that nobody is persecuted for… … Useful english dictionary
persecute — I verb abuse, afflict, aggrieve, agonize, annoy, assail, attack, badger, be intolerant, be malevolent, be malicious, be offensive, be ruthless, bedevil, beset, bother, browbeat, bully, carp at, chevy, crucify, damage, distress, disturb, do an… … Law dictionary
persécuté — persécuté, ée (pèr sé ku té, tée) part. passé de persécuter. Qui est l objet de la persécution. • Un des philosophes les plus persécutés fut l immortel Bayle, l honneur de la nature humaine, VOLT. Dict. phil. Philosophe, I. Substantivement.… … Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré
persecute — late 15c., to oppress for the holding of a belief or opinion, from M.Fr. persécuter pursue, torment, open legal action (14c.), from L. persecutus, pp. of persequi (see PERSECUTION (Cf. persecution)). Related: Persecuted; persecuting … Etymology dictionary
persecute — oppress, *wrong, aggrieve Analogous words: *worry, annoy, harass, harry: torture, torment, rack (see AFFLICT): *bait, badger, hound, ride Contrasted words: *indulge, pamper, humor: favor, *ob … New Dictionary of Synonyms
persecute — [v] wrong, torment afflict, aggrieve, annoy, badger, bait, beat, be on one’s case*, bother, crucify, distress, dog*, dragoon, drive up the wall*, exile, expel, harass, hector, hound*, hunt, ill treat, injure, maltreat, martyr, molest, oppress,… … New thesaurus
persecuté — Persecuté, Vexatus, Afflictus … Thresor de la langue françoyse
persecuté — Persecuté, [persecut]ée. part … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
persecute — ► VERB 1) subject to prolonged hostility and ill treatment. 2) persistently harass or annoy. DERIVATIVES persecution noun persecutor noun. ORIGIN Old French persecuter, from Latin persequi follow with hostility … English terms dictionary
