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61 bear
I [bɛə] гл.; прош. вр. bore; прич. прош. вр. born, borne1) носить, нести; переноситьthree kings bearing gifts — три царя, несущих дары
She was bearing a tray of brimming glasses. — Она несла поднос, уставленный наполненными до краёв бокалами.
The spores are borne on the wind. — Эти споры разносятся ветром.
Syn:carry 1.2) книжн.а) нести на себе, иметь (знаки, признаки, следы)to bear the signature — иметь подпись, быть подписанным
to bear resemblance — быть похожим, иметь сходство
What a remarkable resemblance she bears to the famous actress! — Как она похожа на эту знаменитую актрису!
This letter bears no date. — На этом письме нет даты.
The town still bears the scars of the bombings during the war. — Город по-прежнему полон следов военных бомбардировок.
б) носить (имя, титул)They bore the title Count of Nassau. — Они носили титул графов Нассау.
в) питать, испытывать ( чувство)He bore her no malice. — Он не питал к ней никакой злобы.
Syn:I'll bear the idea in mind. — Я это учту.
Bear in mind that the price does not include flights. — Учтите также, что цена не включает авиаперелёт.
3) касаться, иметь отношение (к кому-л. / чему-л.)The title of the essay bore little relation to the contents. — Название этого очерка мало вязалось с его содержанием.
4) ( bear (up)on) (отрицательно) сказываться на (ком-л. / чём-л.)The rise in the cost of living bears hard on old people living on fixed incomes. — Рост прожиточного минимума особенно тяжело сказывается на пенсионерах как на людях, имеющих твёрдый, фиксированный доход.
5) = bear up выдерживать нагрузку; нести груз, тяжесть; поддерживать, подпиратьThis plank will not bear your weight. — Эта доска не выдержит вашего веса.
The four pillars bear the arch. — Четыре колонны поддерживают арку.
Do you think that the floor will bear up under the weight of the new machinery? — Вы думаете, пол выдержит вес новых станков?
6) нести (расходы, ответственность)to bear the losses — нести потери, терпеть убытки
No on likes to bear the responsibility for such decisions. — Никому не понравится нести ответственность за такие решения.
7) = bear up выносить, выдерживать ( испытания)He couldn't bear the pain. — Он не мог выдержать боли.
He couldn't bear the humiliation. — Он не мог пережить этого унижения.
Alice bore up well under the news of her husband's death. — Элис стойко перенесла известие о смерти мужа.
Syn:8) терпеть, выносить ( обычно в отрицательных или вопросительных предложениях)I can't bear him. — Я его не выношу.
This bears no comparison. — Это не выдерживает сравнения.
His story does not bear scrutiny. — При внимательном рассмотрении его история вызовет вопросы.
Syn:9) ( bear with) относиться терпеливо к (чему-л.); мириться с (чем-л.)You must bear with his bad temper; he has recently been ill. — Вы должны терпеливо относиться к его плохому настроению, он недавно болел.
Bear with me while I try to remember exactly what he said. — Потерпите минутку, я попытаюсь точно вспомнить, что он сказал.
Syn:10) опираться (на что-л.); нажимать, давитьSyn:press I 2.11)а) простираться (куда-л.); находиться (где-л.)б) двигаться (в каком-л. направлении)Bear right when the road divides. — У развилки возьмите направо.
to bear testimony / witness — свидетельствовать, показывать
Syn:witness 2.14) книжн. распространять; передавать ( информацию)I will bear your message. — Я передам вашу информацию.
15) прич. прош. вр. born рождать, производить на светborn in 1914 — рождённый в 1914 году, 1914-го года рождения
She is unable to bear. — Она не может иметь детей.
These apple trees are not going to bear. — Эти яблони не будут плодоносить.
Syn:yield 2.17) ( bear oneself) вести себя, держатьсяShe bore herself with dignity. — Она держалась с достоинством.
Syn:•- bear down
- bear off
- bear out
- bear up••- bear arms- bear company
- bear comparison
- bear a hand
- bear hard on smb.
- bear a part
- be borne in
- bring to bear II [bɛə] 1. сущ.1) медведь- grizzly bear
- polar bear2) = teddy bear плюшевый медвежонок ( детская игрушка)3) неуклюжий, грубый человекto play the bear — вести себя невежливо, грубо
4) эк. биржевой спекулянт, играющий на понижение, "медведь"5) тех. дыропробивной пресс, медведка6) метал. козёл7) амер.; разг. полицейский8) ( the Bear) разг. РоссияWhen he allowed himself to be flown back to Moscow he was consciously putting his head in the Bear's mouth. — Позволив увезти себя обратно в Москву, он сознательно клал голову в пасть русского медведя.
••are you there with your bears? — опять вы здесь?; опять вы делаете то же самое?
to take a bear by the tooth — без нужды подвергать себя опасности, лезть на рожон
- Great Bear 2. гл.; эк. III [bɛə] сущ.; диал.had it been a bear it would have bitten you — вы ошиблись, обознались; (оказалось) не так страшно, как вы думали
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62 requirement
n1) требование2) нужда; потребность; спрос
- accommodation requirements
- accounting requirements
- actual requirements
- additional requirements
- annual requirements
- anticipated requirements
- audit requirements
- bank's reserve requirements
- basic requirement
- borrowing requirements
- capital requirements
- cash requirement
- common requirement
- consumption requirements
- contractual requirements
- credit requirement
- current requirements
- customer's requirements
- data requirements
- debt service requirement
- debt-servicing requirements
- defence requirements
- design requirements
- development requirements
- dividend requirement
- domestic requirements
- eligibility requirements
- employment requirement
- end requirement
- engineering requirements
- environmental requirements
- essential requirements
- exacting requirements
- export requirements
- financial requirement
- financing requirement
- foreign exchange requirement
- four eyes requirement
- general requirements
- general operational requirements
- gold backing requirements
- growing requirements
- heavy requirements
- home requirements
- import requirements
- industrial requirements
- job requirement
- labour requirements
- legal reserve requirement
- listing requirements
- local requirements
- maintenance requirement
- mandatory requirement
- manning requirements
- manpower requirements
- manufacturing requirements
- margin requirement
- market requirements
- material requirements
- minimum liquidity requirements
- minimum reserve requirement
- monthly requirement
- national economy requirements
- occasional requirement
- one-time requirement
- order requirements
- packaging requirements
- packing requirements
- performance requirements
- personal requirements
- personnel requirements
- potential requirements
- practical requirements
- precise requirements
- process requirements
- product requirements
- production requirements
- product quality requirements
- public borrowing requirements
- purchase requirements
- qualification requirements
- qualifying requirements
- quality requirements
- quantitative requirements
- quorum requirement
- raw materials requirements
- registration requirement
- registration requirements
- regulatory requirement
- reporting requirements
- reserve requirements
- safety requirements
- sanitary requirements
- service requirements
- skill requirements
- social requirements
- space requirement
- specific requirements
- staff requirements
- stringent requirements
- supply requirements
- surrender requirement
- technical requirements
- tonnage requirement
- total requirements
- traffic requirements
- transportation requirements
- unit labour requirements
- unsatisfied requirements
- up-to-date requirements
- urgent requirements
- use requirements
- requirements for admission
- requirements for goods
- requirements for services
- requirements of compulsory insurance coverage
- requirements of the market
- requirements of raw materials
- accede to requirements
- answer requirements
- be in keeping with requirements
- be up to requirements
- carry out requirements
- comply with requirements
- cover requirements
- cut requirements
- ease requirements
- establish requirements
- evaluate requirements
- examine requirements
- have requirements
- meet requirements
- outline requirements
- qualify for requirements
- raise reserve requirements
- relax requirements
- satisfy requirements
- service requirements
- set requirements
- specify requirements
- suit the requirements
- verify requirements
- work out requirementsEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > requirement
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63 Hackworth, Timothy
[br]b. 22 December 1786 Wylam, Northumberland, Englandd. 7 July 1850 Shildon, Co. Durham, England[br]English engineer, pioneer in construction and operation of steam locomotives.[br]Hackworth trained under his father, who was Foreman Blacksmith at Wylam colliery, and succeeded him upon his death in 1807. Between 1812 and 1816 he helped to build and maintain the Wylam locomotives under William Hedley. He then moved to Walbottle colliery, but during 1824 he took temporary charge of Robert Stephenson \& Co.'s works while George Stephenson was surveying the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway and Robert Stephenson was away in South America. In May 1825 Hackworth was appointed to the Stockton \& Darlington Railway (S \& DR) "to have superintendence of the permanent (i.e. stationary) and locomotive engines". He established the workshops at Shildon, and when the railway opened in September he became in effect the first locomotive superintendent of a railway company. From experience of operating Robert Stephenson \& Co.'s locomotives he was able to make many detail improvements, notably spring safety valves. In 1827 he designed and built the locomotive Royal George, with six wheels coupled and inverted vertical cylinders driving the rear pair. From the pistons, drive was direct by way of piston rods and connecting rods to crankpins on the wheels, the first instance of the use of this layout on a locomotive. Royal George was the most powerful and satisfactory locomotive on the S \& DR to date and was the forerunner of Hackworth's type of heavy-goods locomotive, which was built until the mid-1840s.For the Rainhill Trials in 1829 Hackworth built and entered the locomotive Sans Pareil, which was subsequently used on the Bol ton \& Leigh Railway and is now in the Science Museum, London. A working replica was built for the 150th anniversary of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway in 1980. In 1833 a further agreement with the S \& DR enabled Hackworth, while remaining in charge of their locomotives, to set up a locomotive and engineering works on his own account. Its products eventually included locomotives for the London, Brighton \& South Coast and York, Newcastle \& Berwick Railways, as well as some of the earliest locomotives exported to Russia and Canada. Hackworth's son, John Wesley Hackworth, was also an engineer and invented the radial valve gear for steam engines that bears his name.[br]Further ReadingR.Young, 1975, Timothy Hackworth and the Locomotive, Shildon: Shildon "Stockton \& Darlington Railway" Silver Jubilee Committee; orig. pub. 1923, London (tends to emphasize Hackworth's achievements at the expense of other contemporary engineers).L.T.C.Rolt, 1960, George and Robert Stephenson, London: Longmans (describes much of Hackworth's work and is more objective).E.L.Ahrons, 1927, The British Steam Railway Locomotive 1825–1925, London: The Locomotive Publishing Co.PJGR
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