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  • 121 τρίβος

    τρίβος [pron. full] [ῐ], ἡ, but ὁ in E.Or. 1251, 1258, El. 103, Plu.Arat.22: ([etym.] τρίβω):—
    A worn or beaten track, ἐν τρίβῳ μάλιστα οἰκημένοι in the path (of the war), Hdt.8.140. β' (so

    ἐν τ. τοῦ πολέμου κείμενος D.H.6.34

    , 11.54);

    τ. ἁμαξήρης E.Or. 1251

    ;

    λεπτὴν τ. ἐξανύσαντες Theoc. 25.156

    ; ἡ τ. τῆς ἀτραποῦ the track of the path, D.S.17.49; διασχισθέντες [τῆς ὁδοῦ] τρίβῳ τινί by following a track, X.Cyr.4.5.13.
    2 metaph., path, h.Merc.448;

    ποίην τις βιότοιο τάμοι τρίβον; AP9.359

     (Posidipp.);

    βιότου τ. ὁδεύειν Anacreont.38.2

    ;

    ποίην τις πρὸς ἔρωτας ἴοι τρίβον; AP5.301.1

     (Agath.);

    τῆς αἰτίας ἴχνος καὶ τ.

     track,

    Plu.2.68o

    f: pl.,

    τρίβοι ἐρώτων A.Supp. 1042

     (lyr.).
    II rubbing, attrition, Id.Ag. 391 (lyr.); τ. κρηπῖδος the rubbing of a shoe, Aret.SD2.12.
    2 socket, friction-joint,

    ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῦ βραχίονος.. τρίβον ἑωυτῇ πεποιημένη Hp.Art.7

    , cf. 55;

    τὸ ἔθος τρίβον ποιεῖ Id.Mochl.41

    ; area of friction or pressure of a bandage, Id.Off.8.
    3 delay, A.Ag. 197 (lyr.).
    III bodily exercise, Nic. Al. 592 (pl.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τρίβος

  • 122 Adams, William Bridges

    [br]
    b. 1797 Madeley, Staffordshire, England
    d. 23 July 1872 Broadstairs, Kent, England
    [br]
    English inventory particularly of road and rail vehicles and their equipment.
    [br]
    Ill health forced Adams to live abroad when he was a young man and when he returned to England in the early 1830s he became a partner in his father's firm of coachbuilders. Coaches during that period were steered by a centrally pivoted front axle, which meant that the front wheels had to swing beneath the body and were therefore made smaller than the rear wheels. Adams considered this design defective and invented equirotal coaches, built by his firm, in which the front and rear wheels were of equal diameter and the coach body was articulated midway along its length so that the front part pivoted. He also applied himself to improving vehicles for railways, which were developing rapidly then.
    In 1843 he opened his own engineering works, Fairfield Works in north London (he was not related to his contemporary William Adams, who was appointed Locomotive Superintendent to the North London Railway in 1854). In 1847 he and James Samuel, Engineer to the Eastern Counties Railway, built for that line a small steam inspection car, the Express, which was light enough to be lifted off the track. The following year Adams built a broad-gauge steam railcar, the Fairfield, for the Bristol \& Exeter Railway at the insistance of the line's Engineer, C.H.Gregory: self-propelled and passenger-carrying, this was the first railcar. Adams developed the concept further into a light locomotive that could haul two or three separate carriages, and light locomotives built both by his own firm and by other noted builders came into vogue for a decade or more.
    In 1847 Adams also built eight-wheeled coaches for the Eastern Counties Railway that were larger and more spacious than most others of the day: each in effect comprised two four-wheeled coaches articulated together, with wheels that were allowed limited side-play. He also realized the necessity for improvements to railway track, the weakest point of which was the joints between the rails, whose adjoining ends were normally held in common chairs. Adams invented the fishplated joint, first used by the Eastern Counties Railway in 1849 and subsequently used almost universally.
    Adams was a prolific inventor. Most important of his later inventions was the radial axle, which was first applied to the leading and trailing wheels of a 2–4–2 tank engine, the White Raven, built in 1863; Adams's radial axle was the forerunner of all later radial axles. However, the sprung tyres with which White Raven was also fitted (an elastic steel hoop was interposed between wheel centre and tyre) were not perpetuated. His inventiveness was not restricted to engineering: in matters of dress, his adoption, perhaps invention, of the turn-down collar at a time when men conventionally wore standup collars had lasting effect.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    Adams took out some thirty five British patents, including one for the fishplate in 1847. He wrote copiously, as journalist and author: his most important book was English Pleasure Carriages (1837), a detailed description of coachbuilding, together with ideas for railway vehicles and track. The 1971 reprint (Bath: Adams \& Dart) has a biographical introduction by Jack Simmons.
    Further Reading
    C.Hamilton Ellis, 1958, Twenty Locomotive Men, Shepperton: Ian Allan, Ch. 1. See also England, George.
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Adams, William Bridges

  • 123 Behr, Fritz Bernhard

    [br]
    b. 9 October 1842 Berlin, Germany
    d. 25 February 1927
    [br]
    German (naturalized British in 1876) engineer, promoter of the Lartigue monorail system.
    [br]
    Behr trained as an engineer in Britain and had several railway engineering appointments before becoming associated with C.F.M.-T. Lartigue in promoting the Lartigue monorail system in the British Isles. In Lartigue's system, a single rail was supported on trestles; vehicles ran on the rail, their bodies suspended pannier-fashion, stabilized by horizontal rollers running against light guide rails fixed to the sides of the trestles. Behr became Managing Director of the Listowel \& Ballybunion Railway Company, which in 1888 opened its Lartigue system line between those two places in the south-west of Ireland. Three locomotives designed by J.T.A. Mallet were built for the line by Hunslet Engine Company, each with two horizontal boilers, one either side of the track. Coaches and wagons likewise were in two parts. Technically the railway was successful, but lack of traffic caused the company to go bankrupt in 1897: the railway continued to operate until 1924.
    Meanwhile Behr had been thinking in terms far more ambitious than a country branch line. Railway speeds of 150mph (240km/h) or more then lay far in the future: engineers were uncertain whether normal railway vehicles would even be stable at such speeds. Behr was convinced that a high-speed electric vehicle on a substantial Lartigue monorail track would be stable. In 1897 he demonstrated such a vehicle on a 3mile (4.8km) test track at the Brussels International Exhibition. By keeping the weight of the motors low, he was able to place the seats above rail level. Although the generating station provided by the Exhibition authorities never operated at full power, speeds over 75mph (120 km/h) were achieved.
    Behr then promoted the Manchester-Liverpool Express Railway, on which monorail trains of this type running at speeds up to 110mph (177km/h) were to link the two cities in twenty minutes. Despite strong opposition from established railway companies, an Act of Parliament authorizing it was made in 1901. The Act also contained provision for the Board of Trade to require experiments to prove the system's safety. In practice this meant that seven miles of line, and a complete generating station to enable trains to travel at full speed, must be built before it was known whether the Board would give its approval for the railway or not. Such a condition was too severe for the scheme to attract investors and it remained stillborn.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    H.Fayle, 1946, The Narrow Gauge Railways of Ireland, Greenlake Publications, Part 2, ch. 2 (describes the Listowel \& Ballybunion Railway and Behr's work there).
    D.G.Tucker, 1984, "F.B.Behr's development of the Lartigue monorail", Transactions of
    the Newcomen Society 55 (covers mainly the high speed lines).
    See also: Brennan, Louis
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Behr, Fritz Bernhard

  • 124 боевой курс

    истинный путевой угол; истинный курс — true track angle

    вывел на курс; выведенный на курс — tracked out

    Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > боевой курс

  • 125 рихтовать путь

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > рихтовать путь

  • 126 verlaufen

    (unreg.)
    I v/i (ist verlaufen)
    1. Vorgang: take a... course, proceed, go; normal verlaufen take a normal course; zufriedenstellend verlaufen Prüfung etc.: go satisfactorily; völlig untypisch verlaufen Krankheit etc.: take a completely unusual course; tödlich verlaufen be fatal; die Demonstration verlief ohne Zwischenfälle the demonstration passed off without incident
    2. Grenze, Weg etc.: run, pass ( entlang + Dat along); Spur: disappear
    3. Farben, Wimperntusche etc.: run; Butter etc.: auch melt; servieren, wenn der Käse ganz verlaufen ist serve once the cheese has melted completely
    II v/refl (hat)
    1. (sich verirren) lose one’s way, get lost
    2. Menge: scatter; in den großen Räumen verläuft es sich umg. (haben viele Menschen Platz) there is plenty of space in the big rooms
    3. Spur etc.: disappear
    4. Hochwasser etc.: subside, drop; Sand
    * * *
    (Butter) to melt;
    (Farben) to run;
    (Grenzlinie) to run;
    (Vorgang) to proceed;
    sich verlaufen
    (sich verirren) to lose one's way; to get lost; to wander away;
    (zerstreuen) to scatter
    * * *
    ver|lau|fen ptp verlaufen irreg
    1. vi aux sein
    1) (= ablaufen) (Tag, Prüfung, Entwicklung) to go; (Feier, Demonstration) to go off; (Kindheit) to pass; (Untersuchung) to proceed

    beschreiben Sie, wie diese Krankheit normalerweise verläuft — describe the course this illness usually takes

    2) (= sich erstrecken) to run
    3) (= auseinanderfließen, dial: = schmelzen) to run

    die Spur verlief im Sand/Wald — the track disappeared in the sand/forest

    verláúfene Farben — runny colours (Brit) or colors (US)

    See:
    → Sand
    2. vr
    1) (= sich verirren) to get lost, to lose one's way
    2) (= verschwinden) (Menschenmenge) to disperse; (Wasser) to drain away; (= sich verlieren Spur, Weg) to disappear
    * * *
    ver·lau·fen *
    I. vi Hilfsverb: sein
    die Diskussion verlief stürmisch the discussion was stormy [or went off stormily]
    das Gehaltsgespräch verlief nicht ganz so wie erhofft/erwartet the discussion about salaries didn't go [off] [or were not] as hoped/expected
    ▪ irgendwo/irgendwie \verlaufen to run somewhere/somehow
    der Fluss verläuft ruhig the river flows gently; s.a. Sand
    II. vr
    ▪ sich akk [in etw dat] \verlaufen to get lost [or lose one's way] [in sth]
    ▪ sich akk \verlaufen to disperse; (panisch) to scatter
    3. (abfließen) to subside
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein
    2) (ablaufen) <test, rehearsal, etc.> go; <party etc.> go off
    3) <butter, chocolate, etc.> melt; <make-up, ink> run
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives (auch reflexives) Verb; mit sein (sich verlieren) <track, path> disappear (in + Dat. in)
    3.
    1) (sich verirren) get lost; lose one's way
    2) (auseinander gehen) <crowd etc.> disperse
    3) (abfließen) < floods> subside
    * * *
    verlaufen (irr)
    A. v/i (ist verlaufen)
    1. Vorgang: take a … course, proceed, go;
    normal verlaufen take a normal course;
    zufriedenstellend verlaufen Prüfung etc: go satisfactorily;
    völlig untypisch verlaufen Krankheit etc: take a completely unusual course;
    die Demonstration verlief ohne Zwischenfälle the demonstration passed off without incident
    2. Grenze, Weg etc: run, pass (
    entlang +dat along); Spur: disappear
    3. Farben, Wimperntusche etc: run; Butter etc: auch melt;
    servieren, wenn der Käse ganz verlaufen ist serve once the cheese has melted completely
    B. v/r (hat)
    1. (sich verirren) lose one’s way, get lost
    2. Menge: scatter;
    in den großen Räumen verläuft es sich umg (haben viele Menschen Platz) there is plenty of space in the big rooms
    3. Spur etc: disappear
    4. Hochwasser etc: subside, drop; → Sand
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein
    2) (ablaufen) <test, rehearsal, etc.> go; <party etc.> go off
    3) <butter, chocolate, etc.> melt; <make-up, ink> run
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives (auch reflexives) Verb; mit sein (sich verlieren) <track, path> disappear (in + Dat. in)
    3.
    1) (sich verirren) get lost; lose one's way
    2) (auseinander gehen) <crowd etc.> disperse
    3) (abfließen) < floods> subside

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > verlaufen

  • 127 effect

    أَثَر \ effect: to result: His troubles had a bad effect on his health. Scientists study the causes and effects of a disease, the feeling that sth. gives to those who see or hear it: The colours of the sunset produced a wonderful effect. impression: an effect on the mind: I formed a bad impression of his work. She made a good impression on me. influence: sb. or sth. that has an effect on sb. or sth. else; effect. mark: any sign that one object has been touched by another: a dirty mark on the wall; a footmark in the sand. relic: sth. that has been left behind from a past time: relics of the war, like ruined buildings and old guns; relics of the ancient Egyptian kings. tinge: a slight sign or amount: a tinge of colour; a tinge of sadness in her voice. tint: a shade of a colour: Sunglasses have a dark tint. trace: a sign or mark that shows where sth. had been: There were traces of blood on the floor. trail: a track left by sb. or sth.: The storm left a trail of destruction. The police were on his trail (were following signs, in search of him). vestige: a slight mark, track, etc., remaining of sth. that is now gone or has been destroyed. wake: the track on the water by a ship. \ See Also تأثير (تَأْثير)، انطباع (اِنْطِباع)، علامة (عَلامَة)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > effect

  • 128 impression

    أَثَر \ effect: to result: His troubles had a bad effect on his health. Scientists study the causes and effects of a disease, the feeling that sth. gives to those who see or hear it: The colours of the sunset produced a wonderful effect. impression: an effect on the mind: I formed a bad impression of his work. She made a good impression on me. influence: sb. or sth. that has an effect on sb. or sth. else; effect. mark: any sign that one object has been touched by another: a dirty mark on the wall; a footmark in the sand. relic: sth. that has been left behind from a past time: relics of the war, like ruined buildings and old guns; relics of the ancient Egyptian kings. tinge: a slight sign or amount: a tinge of colour; a tinge of sadness in her voice. tint: a shade of a colour: Sunglasses have a dark tint. trace: a sign or mark that shows where sth. had been: There were traces of blood on the floor. trail: a track left by sb. or sth.: The storm left a trail of destruction. The police were on his trail (were following signs, in search of him). vestige: a slight mark, track, etc., remaining of sth. that is now gone or has been destroyed. wake: the track on the water by a ship. \ See Also تأثير (تَأْثير)، انطباع (اِنْطِباع)، علامة (عَلامَة)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > impression

Страницы

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