-
1 THOU
(singular 2nd person pronoun, distinct from plural “you” – the Quenya forms here discussed are not archaic like English “thou”, but simply express singular “you”). Quenya makes a distinction between a formal or polite “thou” and an intimate or familiar “thou”, the latter being reserved for use between close friends, family members, and lovers (VT49:51, 52). The formal pronoun normally appears as the ending -lyë or (if shortened) -l that is added to verbs, e.g. hiruvalyë “thou shalt find ” (Nam), caril or carilyë *“thou dost” or *“you (sg.) do” (VT49:16). The short form in -l may be the more usual, though the long form -lye- must be used if a second pronominal ending denoting the object of the verb is to be added (e.g. *cenuvalyes “thou shalt see it”, with the ending -s “it” appended). The ending -lyë may also be added to prepositions (aselyë “with thee”, VT43:29). The independent pronoun is lye, with a long vowel (lyé, VT49:51) when stressed. This pronoun can also appear in object position (English “thee”), e.g. nai Eru lye mánata, by Tolkien translated “God bless you” (VT49:39). Case endings may be added, e.g. allative lyenna *“upon thee” (VT49:40, 41). There is also elyë “thou, even thou” (Nam, RGEO:67) as an emphatic pronoun (Nam); apparently this can also receive case endings. Such independent pronouns may also be used in copula-less constructions, e.g. aistana elyë "blessed [art] thou" (VT43:30). – The intimate or familiar pronoun is similar in form, only with t instead of l. The pronominal ending is thus -tyë, as in carityë “thou dost, you (sg.) do” (VT49:16). It is uncertain whether -tyë has a short form -t (the existence of a short form is explicitly denied in VT49:51, but -t is listed in VT49:48). At one conceptual stage Tolkien mentioned such an ending that could be added to imperatives (hecat “get thee gone”, WJ:364), but he may have dropped it because it clashed with -t as a dual ending on verbs. The independent pronoun is tye, with a long vowel when stressed (tyé, VT49:51); presumably there also exists an emphatic pronoun *etyë (still unattested). Like lye, the pronoun tye may also appear in object position (ar inyë, yonya, tye-méla “and I too, my son, love thee”, LR:61); we must also assume that tye (and emphatic *etyë) can receive case endings. – Genitive forms, see THY.
См. также в других словарях:
get one's ducks in a row — {v. phr.}, {informal} To get everything ready. * /The scoutmaster told the boys to get their ducks in a row before they went to camp./ * /Mr. Brown got his ducks in a row for his trip./ Compare: LINE UP … Dictionary of American idioms
get one's ducks in a row — {v. phr.}, {informal} To get everything ready. * /The scoutmaster told the boys to get their ducks in a row before they went to camp./ * /Mr. Brown got his ducks in a row for his trip./ Compare: LINE UP … Dictionary of American idioms
get one's feet wet — {v. phr.}, {informal} To begin; do something for the first time. * /The party was at Bill s house and when Ruth and I got there the party had already started. Jump right in and don t be afraid to get your feet wet, said Bill./ * / It s not hard… … Dictionary of American idioms
get one's feet wet — {v. phr.}, {informal} To begin; do something for the first time. * /The party was at Bill s house and when Ruth and I got there the party had already started. Jump right in and don t be afraid to get your feet wet, said Bill./ * / It s not hard… … Dictionary of American idioms
get one's foot in the door — See: FOOT IN THE DOOR … Dictionary of American idioms
get one's foot in the door — See: FOOT IN THE DOOR … Dictionary of American idioms
get\ one's\ dander\ up — • get one s dander up • get one s Irish up v. phr. To become or make angry. The boy got his dander up because he couldn t go to the store. The children get the teacher s dander up when they make a lot of noise. Compare: blow a fuse … Словарь американских идиом
get\ one's\ Irish\ up — • get one s dander up • get one s Irish up v. phr. To become or make angry. The boy got his dander up because he couldn t go to the store. The children get the teacher s dander up when they make a lot of noise. Compare: blow a fuse … Словарь американских идиом
get one's teeth into — To tackle, deal with, vigorously, eagerly, etc • • • Main Entry: ↑tooth * * * get (or sink) one s teeth into work energetically and productively on (a task) the course gives students something to get their teeth into … Useful english dictionary
get one over (on) somebody — get one ˈover (on) sb/sth idiom (informal) to get an advantage over sb/sth • I m not going to let them get one over on me! Main entry: ↑oneidiom … Useful english dictionary
get one over (on) something — get one ˈover (on) sb/sth idiom (informal) to get an advantage over sb/sth • I m not going to let them get one over on me! Main entry: ↑oneidiom … Useful english dictionary
