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1 anda
adj. "long" ÁNAD/ANDA, far PE17:90.In Andafangar noun "Longbeards", one of the tribes of the Dwarves = Khuzdul Sigin-tarâg and Sindarin Anfangrim PM:320. Compare Andafalassë, \#andamacil, andamunda, andanéya, andatehta, Anduinë. Apparently derived from the adj. anda is andavë "long" as adverb at great length, PE17:102, suggesting that the ending -vë can be used to derive adverbs from adjectives LotR3:VI ch. 4, translated in Letters:308 -
2 se
1 pron. "he, she, it" also object "him, her, it", 3rd person sg. Used of living things including plants VT49:37; the corresponding inaimate pronoun is sa. The pronoun comes directly from se as the original stem-form VT49:50. Stressed form sé, VT49:51, attested in object position in melin sé I love him VT49:21. Ósë *"with him/her", VT43:29; see ó-. Long dative/allative sena to/for him orat him, VT49:14, allative senna *to him/her VT49:45, 46. Compare the reflexive pronoun insë *"himself, herself". 2, also long sé, preposition "at, in" VT43:30; compare the "locative prefix" se- possibly occurring in an early "Qenya" text, VT27:25 -
3 Endor
place-name "Middle-earth" SA:dôr, NDOR, "centre of the world" EN; also long form Endórë "Middle-earth" Appendix E; allative Endorenna "to Middle-earth" in EO. The form Endór in MR:121 may be seen as archaic, intermediate between Endórë and Endor since long vowels in a final syllable are normally shortened: Endór Endor. Endór functions as an uninflected genitive in the source: Aran Endór, "King of Middle-earth". -
4 andatehta
noun "long-mark" TEK, PE17:123, indicated to be an accent-like symbol ´ used to mark long vowels VT46:17. Compare anda, tehta. -
5 írë
1 noun "desire". ID. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, írë was also the name of a long carrier with an i-tehta above it, denoting long í. VT45:17. 2 conj. "when" subordinate conjunction, not question-word: írë Anarinya queluva, "when my sun faileth" FS. Compare yá \#2. 3 noun "eternal" read "eternity", as suggested by Christopher Tolkien, but the word was in any case changed to oirë GEY, VT45:13 -
6 mi
prep. "in, within" MI, VT27:20, VT44:18, 34, VT43:30; the latter source also mentions the variant imi; mí "in the" Nam, RGEO:66; CO gives mi; the correct forms should evidently be mi = "in" and mí = mi i "in the"; VT49:35 also has mí with a long vowel, though the gloss is simply in. Used in PE17:71 cf. 70 of people clad in various colours, e.g. mi mísë in grey. Allative minna "to the inside, into" MI, also mina VT43:30. The forms mimmë and mingwë seem to incorporate pronominal suffixes for "us", hence ?"in us", inclusive and exclusive respectively. The pronoun -mmë denoted plural inclusive "we" when this was written, though Tolkien would later make it dual instead see -mmë. Second person forms are also given: mil or milyë *"in you" sg., millë "in you" pl. VT43:36. A special use of mi appears in the phrase Wendë mi Wenderon "Virgin of Virgins" VT44:18; here mi appears superfluous to achieve the desired meaning, but this combination of singular noun + mi + plural genitive noun may be seen as a fixed idiom expressing that the initial noun represents the most prominent member of a class. -
7 ríë
noun "crown" RIG; VT46:11 indicates that the vowel í should be long -
8 andamacil
noun long sword anda + macil, attested with the possessive ending -wa andamacilwa, PE17:147 -
9 Taniquetil(Taniquetild-)
, place-name: the highest of the mountains of Valinor, upon which were the mansions of Manwë and Varda. Properly, this name refers to the topmost peak only, the whole mountain being called Oiolossë SA:til. The Etymologies has Taniquetil, Taniquetildë "q" Ta-niqe-til "g.sg." Taniquetilden, in LotR-style Quenya this is the dative singular "High White Horn" NIK-W, TIL, TA/TA3, OY. Variant Taníquetil with a long í, translated high-snow-peakPE17:26, 168.Quettaparma Quenyallo (Quenya-English) > Taniquetil(Taniquetild-)
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10 phindelë
noun mass of long hair PE17:17; the normal Quenya spelling should be findelë, cf. findilë -
11 car-
1 vb. "make, do, build, form" 1st pers. aorist carin "I make, build"; the aorist is listed with all pronominal endings in VT49:16, also in pl. and dual forms carir, carit. Regarding the form carize- PE17:128, see -s \#1. Pa.t. carnë KAR, PE17:74, 144. The infinitival aorist stem carë "k" by Patrick Wynne called a general aorist infinitive in VT49:34 occurs in ecë nin carë sa I can do it VT49:34, also in áva carë "don't do it" WJ:371 and uin carë PE17:68; in the last example Tolkien calls carë an example of the simplest aorist infinitive, the same source referring to carië as the general infinitive of the same verb. Pl. aorist carir "form" in the phrase i carir quettar k "those who form words" WJ:391, cf. VT49:16, continuative cára, future caruva PE17:144, carita "k", infinitive/gerund "to do" or "doing" VT42:33, with suffixes caritas "to do it" or "doing it", caritalyas "your doing it" in VT41:13,17, VT42:33. Past participle \#carna, q.v.; VT43:15 also gives the long form carina "k", read perhaps *cárina. Carima as a passive participle may be a mistake, VT43:15. PE17:68 refers to a simple past passive participle of the form carinwa kari-nwa. Rare past participle active ? cárienwa k *having done PE17:68, unless this is also a kind of passive participle the wording of the source is unclear. Some alternative forms in Fíriel's Song: past tense cárë "káre" "made"; this may still be an alternative to the better-attested form carnë LR:362 even in LotR-style Quenya. Cf. ohtacárë war-made, made war see \#ohtacar-. Also *cárië with various suffixes: cárier "kárier" is translated "they made"; in LotR-style Quenya this could be seen as an augmentless perfect, hence *"they have made", "they" being simply the plural ending -r. The literal meaning of cárielto "k" must also be *"they made" cf. -lto. Derived adjectives urcárima and urcarnë hard to make / do, urucarin made with difficulty PE17:154, saucarya evil-doing PE17:68. 2 prep. "with" carelyë "with thee", prepositional element evidently an ephemeral form abandoned by Tolkien VT43:29 -
12 lúmequentalë
"q" noun "history" LU, KWET. According to VT45:29, the accent marking the ú as a long vowel is actually missing in the entry LU in Tolkien's original Etymologies manuscript; yet it is apparently included both in the entry KWET and in the related words lúmequenta and lúmequentalëa; its omission in the entry LU is therefore probably just a slip. -
13 andavë
adv. "long, at great length" PE17:102; see anda -
14 hravan
noun wild beast; pl.Hravani "the Wild", used as a name of non-Edain Men PE17:78, WJ:219. PE17:18 has Hrávani with a long á, glossed Wild-men, Savages. -
15 Vána
fem. name, a Valië, the wife of Oromë Silm, WJ:383; the Etymologies gives Vana with no long vowel BAN. The apparent meaning is *beautiful one, since she was the most perfectly beautiful in form and feature representing the natural unmarred perfection of form in living things PE17:150. -
16 fangë
noun "long beard" GL:34; this is Qenya for later fanga. -
17 an
1 conj. and prep. "for" Nam, RGEO:66, an cé mo quernëfor if one turned VT49:8, also used adverbially in the formula an + a noun to express one more of the thing concerned: an quetta a word more, PE17:91. The an of the phrase es sorni heruion an! "the Eagles of the Lords are at hand" SD:290 however seems to denote motion towards the speaker: the Eagles are coming. Etym has an, ana "to, towards" NĀsup1/sup. The phrase an i falmalīPE17:127 is not clearly translated but seems to be a paraphrase of the word falmalinnar upon the foaming waves Nam, suggesting that an can be used as a paraphrase of the allative ending and if falmalīis seen as a Book Quenya accusative form because of the long final vowel, this is evidence that an governs the accusative case.In the "Arctic" sentence, an is translated "until". Regarding an as used in Namárië, various sources indicate that it means an moreover, furthermore, to proceed VT49:18-19 or properly further, plus, in addition PE17:69, 90. According to one late source ca. 1966 or later, an is very frequently used after a full stop, when an account or description is confirmed after a pause. So in Galadriels Elvish lament: An sí Tintallë, etc. = For now the Kindler, etc This is translated by me for, side an is as here often in fact used when the additional matter provides an explanation of or reason for what has already been said. Related is the use of an + noun to express one more; here an is presumably accented, something the word would not normally be when used as a conjunction or preposition. -
18 únyárima
adj. "impossible to recount" because all the facts are not known, or the tale is too long WJ:370 -
19 voronwa
adj. "enduring, long-lasting" BOR -
20 Ender
noun "bridegroom", surname of Tulkas NDER, TULUK, VT45:11. The form Enderō VT45:11 is defined as "?virile young bridegroom"; Tolkien's gloss was not entirely legible. But this would seem to be an archaic form, because of the long final -ō later Quenya *Endero.
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