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to draw blood of one

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1 BLÓÐ

n.

1) blood; rann honum mjök blóð, he lost much blood; nema (taka) e-m blóð, to bleed one; vekja e-m blóð, to draw blood of one; ganga blóði, to have a hemorrhage or dysentery, blanda bloði saman, to enter into foster-brothership by mixing blood together;

2) offspring, blood-relations.

* * *

n. [Ulf. bloþ, common to all Teut. idioms]:—the blood, Lat. sanguis; ‘dreyri’ is cruor; ‘hlaut,’ q. v., is blood shed in sacrifice, cp. Eb. ch. 4, Nj. 107, Eb. 242, Fms. i. 46; nema, láta (mod. taka) b., to take, let blood (blóðlát), vii. 269, Grág. ii. 133; ganga blóði, to have a hemorrhage, Bs. i. 337: the phrase, blanda blóði saman, to mix blood together, Ls. 9, refers to the old heathen rite of entering foster-brothership, defined in Gísl. 11, Fbr. 7, Fb. ii. 93, Fas. iii. 376: metaph. offspring, Stj. 47; hjart-blóð, heart’s blood; dauða-blóð, life-blood, gore: metaph. compound words are rare. In poets ‘blood of Quasir’ means poetry; the blood of the giant Ymir, the sea, vide Edda 47, 5. Fél. ix. 198, 199, records many medic, compounds, blóðfall and blóðlát, menorrhagia; blóðhella, congestio ad viscera; blóðkýli, ulcus; blóðmiga, haematuria; blóðnasir, f. pl. epistaxis; blóðrás, hemorrhagia; blóðsótt, dysenteria; blóðhrækjur, haemoptysis; blóðspýja, haematemesis, etc. Other COMPDS: blóðabrúðgumi, blóðsakr, blóðslitr, blóðspeningar, blóðsúthelling.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BLÓÐ
2 SKJÓTA

fire

* * *

(skýt; skaut, skutum; skotinn), v.

1) to shoot with a weapon, with dat. (skjóta öru, spjóti, kólfi);

vera skotinn spjóti í gegnum, to be shot through with a spear;

skjóta af boga, to shoot with a bow;

with the object shot at in acc. (skjóta dýr, mann, sel, fugl);

skjóta at e-m, til e-s, to shoot at one;

skjóta til hœfis, to shoot at a mark;

2) to shoot push or shove quickly;

skjóta brú af, to draw the bridge off or away;

skjóta skildi fyrir sik, to put a shield before one;

skjóta loku fyrir, to shoot the bolt, lock the door;

skjóta frá lokum, to unlock;

skjóta e-u fyrir borð, to ‘shoot’ overboard;

skjóta skipum á vatn, to launch ships;

skjóta báti, to launch a boat from the shore;

skjóta útan báti, to shove out a boat;

skjóta hesti uridir e-n, to put a horse under one, to mount him;

var mér hér skotit á land, I was put ashore here;

skjóta e-u niðr, to thrust it down (hann skaut svá fast niðr skildinum, at);

skjóta e-m brott or undan, to let one escape;

skjóta undan peningum, to abstract, embezzle money;

skjóta e-u í hug e-m to suggest to one (þá skaut guð því ráði í hug þeim);

skjóta upp hvítum skildi, to hoist a white shield;

skjóta upp vita, skjóta eldi í vita, to light up a beacon;

skjóta land-tjaldi, to pitch a tent;

skjóta á fylking, to draw up in battle array;

skjóta á husþingi, to call a meeting together;

skjóta á eyrendi, to make a speech;

skjóta fótum undir sik, to take to one’s heels, to run;

barnit skaut öndu upp, the child began to breathe;

skjóta e-u of öxl, to throw off one’s shoulder;

3) to transfer a case to another;

vér tólf dómendr, er málum þessum er t il skotit, to whom these suits are handed over;

skýt ek því til gúðs ok góðra manna, at, I call God and all good men to witness, that;

4) to pay (hann skaut einn fyrir sveitunga sína alla);

5) impers., e-u skýtr upp, it shoots up, emerges, comes forth;

upp skýtr jörðunni þá ór sænum, then the earth rises from the sea;

skaut upp jörðu dag frá degi, the earth appeared day by day (as the snow melted);

þó at þér skyti því í hug, though it shot into thy mind, occurred to thee;

þeim skaut skelk í bringu, they were panic-stricken;

sem kólfi skyti, swift as a dart;

6) refl., skjótast.

* * *

skýt, pret. skaut, skauzt (skauztu rhyming with laust, Fms. vi. in a verse), skaut, pl. skutu; subj. skyti; imperat. skjót, skjóttú; part. skotinn: [A. S. sceôtan, scyttan; Engl. shoot and shut; Dan. skyde; Germ. schiessen.]

A. To shoot with a weapon, the weapon being in dat.; skjóta öru (örum), spjóti, fleini, skutli, kesju, kólfi …, Fms. i. 44, x. 308, 362, Eg. 380; þeir þykkjask eigi hafa skotið betra skot, Fms. vii. 211; vera skotinn spjóti í gögnum, shot through with a spear, Nj. 274: the object shot at in acc., skjóta dýr, fugla, sela, Edda 16, Nj. 95, Ld. 56, Fms. x. 356, 362, and passim: also, s. til e-s, to shoot at; s. til fugls, Orkn. 346; s. til hæfis, to shoot at a mark, Fms. ii. 268; s. kesju at e-m, Eg. 380; allir skutu at Baldri, Edda 37.

II. to shoot, to push or shove quickly; skjóta loku fyrir (or frá) hurðu (dyrum), to shoot the bolt, lock the door; s. frá lokum, to unlock, Lv. 60; hann lagðisk niðr ok skaut fyrir loku, Eg. 601; skaut hann þá frá lokum, Fms. vi. 189; þeir lögðu hann í kistu ok skutu síðan fyrir borð, and shot the chest overboard, Eg. 127; skaut Egill yfir brúnni, E. shot the bridge over the ditch, 531; s. brú af, to draw the bridge off or away, Fms. xi. 370; s. skipum á vatn, to launch the ships into water, ix. 501; s. báti, to launch a boat from the shore, Nj. 133; s. útan báti, to shove out a boat, 272; brauð þat er hón hafði í ofninn skotið, Hom. 114; menn er í ofn vóru skotnir, 117; var þeim skotið í eld brennanda, Eg. 232; then in all kinds of relations, s. hesti uudir e-n, to put a horse under one, mount him, Eg. 397, 602, Fms. vii. 21; var mér hér skotið á land, I was put ashore here, Nj. 45; s. e-m upp á land, id., Fms. i. 131; s. barni heim af fóstri, to send back a bairn from the fóstr, Grág. i. 276; s. e-m brott, to let one escape, Fms. ix. 420; s. e-m undan, id., vi. 116, vii. 250; s. niðr úmaga, to leave a pauper behind, place him there, Grág. i. 296, 297; s. fé á brott (undan), to abstract, embezzle money, 334; þetta líkar Þórdísi ílla ok skýtr undan peningunum, Korm. 150; skjóttú diametro sólarinnar í tvá staði, divide it into two, Rb. 462; þá skaut Guð því ráði í hug þeim, put this rede into their mind, 655. 3; s. upp hvítum skildi, to hoist a white shield, Fms. x. 347; s. upp vita, to light up the beacon, Hkr. i. 148; þá varð engum vita upp skotið, Orkn. 266; vita-karlinn skaut eldi í vitann, lighted up the beacon, Fms. viii. 188; s. land-tjaldi, to pitch a tent, Nj. 157; var skotið um hann skjaldborg, 274; s. á skjaldborg, to draw up a s., Fms. vii. 70; s. á fylking, to draw up in battle array, Ó. H. 209; s. á húsþingi, to call a meeting together, Eg. 357; s. á eyrendi, to make a speech, Fms. i. 215; skýtr or skýtsk mjök í tvau horn um e-t, see horn B.I. 2; s. fótum undir sik, to take to one’s heels, to run, Fms. viii. 358; hann skaut sér út hjá þeim, shot out, escaped, vi. 189; harm hljóp upp á altarit, ok skaut á knjám sínum, ix. 462; barnit skaut öndu upp, the bairn began to breathe, Hkr. ii. 199; s. skildi fyrir sik, to put a shield before one, Eg. 378, Nj. 156; s. skjóli yfir e-n, to protect (see skjól); Máriusúðin skaut lykkjunum, she (the ship) shivered, Fms. viii. 199; þá segisk, at hann skyti í fyrstu þessu orði, eldisk árgalinn nú, he is said to have let this word slip, to have said, vi. 251; s. e-u of öxl, to throw it off one’s shoulder, Gg. 6; s. e-u á frest, to put off, delay: skjóta augum, to look askance, Eg. (in a verse), from which the mod. gjóta augum is a corruption.

III. metaph. to shift or transfer a case to another, appeal; skutu þau til ráða Ólafs, Ld. 74; s. þrætu til ór skurðar e-s, Fms. vii. 203; því skýt ek til Guðs, i. 3; s. sínu máli á Guðs vald, x. 103; s. þessu máli til Frosta-þings …, þeir skutu þangat sínu máli, i. 32; vér tólf dómendr, er málum þessum er til skotið, Nj. 188; s. máli á fylkis-þing, N. G. L. i. 21; skýt ek því til Guðs ok góðra manna, Nj. 176; menn þá er hann skaut ráðum undir, whom he took as his counsel, Fms. vii. 308.

IV. [A. S. scot; Engl. shot, scot, see skot, I and II]:—to pay; rétt er at fimm búar virði gripinn, ok skal hann þá skjóta í móti slíku, er þeir virða gripinn dýrra enn hans skuld var fyrir öndverðu, Grág. i. 412; skjóta fé saman, to club money together, make a collection, Mar.; þeir skutu saman fjár-hlutum sínum hverr eptir efnum, Hom, 123 (samskot); hann skaut einn fyrir sveitunga sína alla ( he paid their scot) þá er þeir sátu í skytningum, Ld. 312 (see skytningr).

V. impers., e-u skýtr upp, it shoots up, emerges, comes forth; upp skýtr jörðunni þá ór sænum, Edda 44; skaut upp jörðu dag frá degi, the earth appeared day by day (as the snow melted), Fms. ii. 228; þó at þér skyti því í hug, though it shot into thy mind, occurred to thee, Band. 37 new Ed.; þeim skaut skelk í bringu, they were panic-stricken, Ld. 78, Eg. 49, Fb. i. 418 (see skelkr); mjök skýtr mornar vakri, she is much tossed, Hallfred; sveita skaut á skjaldrim, the shield-rim was blood-shot, blood-stained, Orkn. (in a verse); sem kólfi skyti, swift as a dart, Fms. ii. 183.

B. Reflex. to shoot, start, move, slip away; Skíði frá ek at skauzt á fætr, S. started to his feet, Skíða R. 52; Björn skauzk aptr síðan at baki Kára, B. shot or slipped behind Kári’s back, Nj. 262; at menn hans skytisk eigi frá honum, lest they should slip away, abscond, Fms. vii. 49; vildi ljósta Gretti, en hann skautzk undan, started away from the blow, Grett. 91 A; þeir fálmauðu af hræðslu, ok skutusk hingað ok þingat undan geislum hans, Niðr. 5; þó at fé hans skjótisk fyrir garðsenda, to slip through by the end of the fence, Grág. ii. 263; nú skýzk maðr undan tali (evades,) N. G. L. i. 97; kemr í hug, at hann mun skotisk hafa undan, ok vilja eigi fara, Ísl. ii. 334: skjótask yfir (impers.), to skip, slip over; mér hefir skotisk yfir að telja hann, þeim hafði yfir skotisk um þetta, they had made a false calculation, Ld. 100; þá skjótumk ek mjök yfir, then I am much mistaken, Skálda (Thorodd); skýzt þeim mörgum vísdómrinn sem betri ván er at, Grett. 25 new Ed.: skjótask e-m, to fail; margir skutusk honum, many forsook him, Fms. i. 22; skutusk þá margir við Þórð í trúnaðinum, many proved false to Thord, Sturl. iii. 75 C; vildi dýrið ljósta þeim hramminum seni heill var, ok skauzk á stúfinn, and stumbled, reeled on the stump of the other leg, Grett. 101 A; hann var nokkut við aldr, ok skauzk á fótum ( and tottered on his legs), ok þó hinn karlmannligsti, Háv. 45: also in the law phrase, hafa e-u fyrir skotið, to have a case forfeited, N. G. L. i. 52, 53; ef hann stefnir eigi … þá er þeim váttum fyrir skotið, then the witnesses are valueless, 54 (cp. Dan. for-skyde).

2. reflex., in the mod. skjótask, to go on a short errand, pay a short visit; viltu ekki skjótast með bréfið að tarna? eg ætla að skjútast inn sem snöggvast, bíddu meðan eg skýzt inn, and the like.

II. recipr., skjótask á, to exchange shots, Fms. i. 93, vii. 54.

III. part., of corn, to shoot; rúgakr al-skotinn, Þiðr. 180.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SKJÓTA
3 SETJA

(set, setta, settr), v.

1) to seat, set, place, put (hann setti sveininn í kné konungi; hón var í haug sett);

setja e-n inn, to put in prison;

setja inn fénað, svín, hross, to pen up, take in;

setja dóm, to set a court;

setja tjöld, herbúðir, to set up tents;

setja grundvöll til kirkju, to lay the foundation of;

setja borð, to set up tables;

setja e-m gisla, to give one hostages;

2) to drive (hann setti øxina í höfuð honum);

3) to make, establish (setja lög, frið, grið);

setja ráð, ráðagørð, to set on foot (contrive) a plan, plot (báðu þeir hann setja aðra ráðagørð);

setja e-m torg, markað, to set up a market;

4) to order, prescribe (setja e-m skript);

setja e-m dag, stefnu, to fix a day for one to appear;

5) with dat., setja e-u, to settle (setja máli);

6) to appoint (hann setti Guthorm son sinn til landvarnar);

7) to allay (sá dauði mun setja mína sút);

8) setja e-t e-u or með e-u, to set, inlay (hann lét gøra gullkaleik ok setja gimsteinum);

to embroider (seglit var sett með fögrum skriptum);

9) intrans., to set off (hann lagði halann á bak sér ok setti í burtu);

setja undan, to escape;

10) impers. it settles;

þegar er niðt setti moldrykit (acc.), when the dust settled;

jarl (acc.) setti svá rauðan sem blóð (dreyrrauðan), the earl turned red as blood;

þá setti at honum hósta, a fit of coughing seized him;

þá setr at henni grát mikinn, she bursts into tears;

11) with preps. and advs.:

setja e-n af kirkju, to put out of the church, excommunicate;

setja e-n af ríki, to depose one;

setja e-n af lífi, af sinni eign, to deprive one of life, of one’s property;

setja e-n aptr, hold one back, check (hann setti þá harðliga aptr, er á Þráin leituðu);

setja at e-m, to attack;

setja e-t á skrá, to enter, set in a scroll;

setja á sik hjálm, to put on a helmet;

setja á, to push (H. bað Ketil ganga fyrir skut ok setja á);

setja e-n eptir, to leave one behind;

setja fram skip, to launch a ship;

setja e-t fyrir, to prescribe (eptir fyrir-settri skipan);

setja þvert nei fyrir, to deny flatly (Þyri setti þvert nei fyrir, at hón myndi giptast gömlum konungi);

setja e-n í fjötur, bönd, to put in fetters;

hann hafði sett spjót í völlinn hjá sér, he had stuck his spear in the ground beside him;

setja e-n niðr, to make one sit down, put one down (H. þreif til hans ok setti hann niðr hjá sér);

setja niðr lík, to lay a corpse in earth, bury it;

setja niðr mál, deilu, vandræði, to settle it;

setja e-t saman, to put together, set up (setja bú saman);

to compose, write (eptir bókum þeim, er Snorri setti saman);

setja e-n til bókar, to set one to learn;

setja e-n til ríkis, to put one on the throne;

setja upp, to raise, erect, put up (setja upp skurðgoð);

setja upp segl, to hoist sail;

setja upp boga, to bend a bow;

setja skip upp, to draw a ship up, ashore;

setja skip út, to launch, = setja skip fram;

setja e-t við e-u, to set against (þat þótti höfðingjum ofrausn ok settu mjök hug sinn við);

to bet (ek set við hundrað marka silfrs, at hann ríðr mik eigi af baki);

setja e-n yfir e-t, to put one over, at the head of (H. konungr setti Eystein jarl yfir Vestfold);

12) refl., setjast.

* * *

set, setti, sett; a causal to sitja, q. v.; [Ulf. satjan, ga-satjan, = τιθέναι, φυτεύειν; Engl. to set; Dan. sætte; Swed. sätta.]

A. To seat, set, place, put; hann setti sveininn í kné konungi, Fms. i. 16; hón var í haug sett, Ld. 20; bar hann inn ok setti hann í sæti, Nj. 179; hann setti hann í næsta sér, 46; setti hann í hásæti hjá sér, 282; setja höfuðit aptr á bolinn, Fms. x. 213; setja á sik hjálm, Nj. 42, 144; var settr undir hann stóll, 269; s. forsæti með endi-löngum bekkjum, 220; setja inn, to put in; s. inn fénað, svín, hross, to pen them, take them in, Gþl. 386, Grág. i. 436: to put in prison, Fms, x. 49; s. í fjötra, bönd, to ‘set in the stocks,’ put in fetters, ii. 173, x. 301; hann hafði sett spjótið ( stuck it) í völlinn hjá sér, Nj. 58; s. hest fyrir sleða, Landn. 94; s. e-n til bókar, to set one to book, set one to learn, Fms. vii. 199, viii. 9; s. til ríkis, to set one to reign, Eg. 366; hann setti sonu sína hina ellri til lands, Orkn. 4 old Ed.; s. á skrá, to enter, set in a scroll, Stj.; setja inn, to insert, Bs. i. 280:—þar var fimmtar-dómr settr, Nj. 241; þar er dómrinn var settr, Eg. 340; setja tjöld, to set up tents, Fms. xi. 85; s. herbúðir, id.; s. gamma sinn annan veg brekkunnar, 38, 79; s. grundvöll til kirkju, to lay the foundation of, 33; s. e-m borð, Nj. 220; setja e-m gísla, to give hostages, Fms. xi. 392.

2. special usages, to drive; hann setti öxina í höfuð honum, Nj. 53; þau setja þegar af þeim nýrun, they bite them clean off, Stj. 94.

3. intrans. to set off; hann lagði halann á bak sér ok setti í burtu, Fb. i. 565; enn úhreini andi greip grís, ok setti braut síðan, Greg. 56: s. undan, to escape, Nj. 136, Fms. ii. 325; s. undan e-m, s. undan á-gangi e-s, to make one’s escape, Al. 99, Fms, vi. 379.

4. with prepp.; setja af, to depose, see above:—s. e-n aptr, to repel, hold back, check, Hkr. i. 20, Fms. xi. 81, Nj. 123, Stj. 21:—setja at, to set against, attack; mun ek s. at hinni rauðu töflunni, of a move in chess, Fas. ii. 67:—setja á, to put up; s. á langar tölur, Sturl. i. 105; s. e-t á sig, to mark, notice; svá var á sett, at Böðvarr, 32: setja á vetr, of livestock in the autumn = Germ. anbinden:—s. eptir, to leave behind, Eg. 368, Fms. ix. 43:—setja e-ð fyrir sig, to set a thing before one, i. e. be sad and depressed on account of it:—setja fram, to put forward, produce, Mar. (fram-setja): setja fyrir, to set before, as a thing ordered; eptir fyrir settri skipan, Sks. 37; setja nei fyrir e-t, to deny, refuse, Fms. ii. 131, ix. 242; setja e-m e-t fyrir, to set as a task to one; hann (the teacher) setti mér þetta fyrir:—setja niðr, to set down, quash; þeir settu Þorgeir niðr á Ánabrekku, put him there, Eg. 237; cp. niðr-setningr, in mod. usage s. niðr ómaga, to distribute the paupers among the households in a parish: s. niðr lík, to lay a corpse in earth, H. E. i. 491, Fms. iv. 110; s. upp óp, gnegg, Hrafn. 7: metaph. to stop, Fms. ix. 355, 452, xi. 260, Hkr. ii. 136, Eg 729: to dispose, s. niðr eptir reglu, Fms. xi. 428:—s. saman, to put together; s. bú saman, iii. 29, Ld. 10, s. saman kvið, kviðburð, Grág., Nj.: to compose, K. Á. 220, Fms. vii. 242; eptir bókum þeim er Snorri setti saman, Sturl. ii. 123; bók þessi heitir Edda, hana hefir saman setta Snori Sturluson, Edda ii. 250; hér er lukt þeim hlut bókar er Ólafr Þórðarson hefir saman sett, 427:—s. fram skip, to launch a ship, Eg. 160, Fms. ix. 478: s. út skip, to launch, 480, Gþl. 371:—s. upp skip, to draw her up ashore (as used to be done for the winter months), Hkr. i. 152, Fms. i. 62, ix. 478, Nj. 281, Eg. 180, Gþl. 371 (upp-sátr); þar fellr á er heitir Gufu-á, í hann setti Ketill upp skip sitt ( laid her up in the river), Eg. 592; (in mod. usage setja (absol.) is to launch a boat); s. upp, to put up, erect, raise, Eg. 492, Fms. vii. 265., Ó. H. 170; s. upp segl, to hoist sail, 165, Fms. ix. 10; s. upp boga, Fas. ii. 543; hann lét s. upp skurðgoð, Ver. 41: s. út, to set out for sale, Bs. i. 636:—5. við, to let, Bær. 6.

II. metaph. usages, to make, establish; setja lög, lands-rétt (laga-setning), Kristinn-rétt setti hann við ráð Grímkels biskups, Ó. H. 44; lög þau er Hákon Aðalsteins-fóstri hafði sett í Þrándheimi, id.: svá settu þeir Ketill biskup ok Þorlákr biskup Kristinna laga þátt, K. Þ. K.; hann setti þat í lögum, at …, Ó. H. 4; hann setti Gulaþings-lög með ráði Þorieifs spaka, hann setti ok Frostaþings-lög með ráði Sigurðar jarls, … enn Heiðsefis-lög hafði fyrst sett Hálfdán Svarti, Fms. i. 23; á því þingi (in Nicea) var settr allr Kristinn-dómr, 625. 48; máldagi vel ok skynsamliga settr ok skipaðr, Dipl, i. 5; svá skulu hreppar settir, at hverr bóndi skal sitja it næsta öðrum, Grág. i. 443; setja frið um heim allan, setja frið millum landa, Rb. 412, Eg. 282; settum friði, Grág. ii. 167; s. grið, to make a truce, Nj. 248 (griða-setning); Julius setti misseris-tal, Rb. 412; setja á stofn, to start, begin, Fms. ii. 35: with dat. to settle, settu þeir þessu, Fms. ix. 452; s. þeim málum er konungar áttu um at dæma, Ld. 28; þeir (búar) áttu eigi at s. málinu, Nj. 87:—to appoint, hann setti Guthorm son sinn til landvarnar, Ó. H. 4, Fms. i. 24, 29, Eg. 272, 537, Nj. 129, Hom. 51, Dipl. v. 8; ef hann leysir þat svá af höndum sem hann er til settr, Grág. i. 497:—af-setja, to depose; setja e-n af kirkju, to put out of the church, excommunicate, Sturl. iii. 167; af setja e-n konungdómi, Stj.; s. e-n af ríki, af lífi, Hkr. i. 170; hann hefir af sett mik allri minni eign, Fms. i. 264, ii. 243:—to order, s. e-m skript, ii. 174; hann setti þeim þvílíkan markað, x. 237:—so in the law phrases, s. e-m dag, stefnu, stefnu-dag, fimmt, to fix a day for one to appear, etc., N. G. L. passim, Bs. i. 742; setja mál í dóm, Hrafn. 25:—to plan, contrive, setja ráð, ráða-görð, bragð, Fms. vii. 128, x. 305, 315, xi. 21, Nj. 106.

2. to allay; sá dauði mun setja mína, sút, Al. 110; setið svá fyrnsku yðra, H. E. i. 251: to settle, s. mál, Grág. i. 490; enda sé settar sakir þær allar eðr dæmdar, 116: to humble, ek skal s. þik ok semja dramb þitt, Fas. i. 38.

3. to set, inlay, by way of ornament; hann lét göra gullkaleik ok setja gimsteinum, Bs. i. 83; hjálm gimsteinum settan, Ld. 128, Fms. i. 15; slæður settar gull-knöppum, Eg. 516; segl sett pellum, Hkr. iii. 243; seglit var sett með fögrum skriptum, Fms. x. 77; skjöld settan járnslám, Fas. i. 415; brynja sett hringum, 215.

III. impers. it settles; þegar er niðr setti moldrykit (acc.), when the dust settled, Al. 109:—to turn of a sudden, jarl (acc.) setti svá rauðan sem blóð, Ísl. ii. 220, Finnb. 260; Páll jarl þagði, ok setti dreyr-rauðan, Orkn. 194; konungr þagði, ok setti hann dreyr-rauðan á at sjá, Eg. 113; þá setti at honum hósta ok þröngd svá mikla, a fit of coughing set on him, Fms. i. 282; þá setr at henni grát mikinn, she burst into tears, iii. 113; setr nú at honum kvarða, Skíða R. 41.

B. Reflex. to seat oneself, take a seat; ek settumk á fótskörina, Fms. ii. 188; setzk hann undir höfuð honum, Finnb. 238; þeir settusk niðr á völlinn, Nj. 144; s. á tal við, e-n, to sit down to talk with a person, Eg. 37; setjask í hásæti, Fms. i. 18; Hrapp þraut vistir, settisk hann þá at með þeim, Nj. 128:—to take up one’s abode, fór hann í Odda ok settisk þar, 117; at hann mundi fá hennar ok seljask þar, 280; setjask í kyrrsetu, Eg. 367; setjask um kyrrt, to settle oneself to rest, Fas. ii. 530: setjask í stein, to go into a cell, as an anchorite, Nj. 268; s. at ríki sínu, Fas. i. 531: setjask aptr, to desist from, esp. of a journey, Fms. xi. 129; setjask eptir, to remain behind, i. 62; s. heima, to stay at home, Grág. i. 491, N. G. L. i. 127; ek hefi hér upp sezk at þér ( I have taken up my abode with thee) ok tekit hér þrifnað, Lv. 36 (in mod. usage with a notion of intrusion, hann settisk þar upp); setjask fyrir e-t, to withstand, Finnb. 320; lét Sturla þá lausa lögsögu, ok settisk hjá öllum vandraeðum, Sturl. iii. 308; setjask um, to lay siege to (um-sátr), Fms. i. 103, x. 237; en þar sem hin himneski meistari sezk um, leggr hann …, Bs. i. 742 (or sesk um, i. e. sésk um, from sjá?), see the foot-note; nú setjask þeir yfir ( to seize upon) staðinn, ok alla staðarins eign, Sturl. ii. 13.

2. to set, go down; er ok þat meiri virðing at aukask af litlum efnum en at hefjask hátt ok setjask með lægingu, Fs. 13: of the sun and stars, þat er víða á því landi, at sól setzk eigi um nætr, Fms. i. 233; vetrardag, en (= er) sól setzk, when the sun sets, N. G. L. i. 348; frá jafndægrí er haust til þess er sól setzk í eyktar-stað, Edda 103 (see sólsetr = sunset); stjörnur renna upp ok setjask, Rb. 466; en þar er á millum allt einn dagr, svá at aldregi setzk dagr á allri þeirri stundu, Sks. 67 (see dagsetr); síðan sólu er sett, Gþl. 442; þegar degi er sett, when day is closing in, Fas. ii. 110.

3. to be settled, ended; nú skortir eigi sókn, ok setzk með því ( ends thus) at Sunnan-menn láta undan, Ísl. ii. 366; síðan settisk úfriðr í Svíþjóð, Fms. x. 47; freista ef þessi kurr mætti niðr setjask, Hkr. ii. 140; en niðr settusk allar sakar, Fms. iii. 39.

II. pass., ef þeir setjask (= eru settir, are appointed) til at dæma um mál manna, Sks. 649; setjask þá grið allra vinda á millum, 234 (influenced by the Latin).

III. part. settr, placed, situated, doing well or ill; Rútr var eptir með frændum sínum vel settr, Ld. 20; hón skal hér svá vel sett sem hón væri mín dóttir, Eg. 156; lítt var hann ok settr at klæðum, Fas. ii. 327, Grett. 91 A; langt kvæði ok íllt, ok sett með (set, studded with) mörgum hlutum íllum ok fáheyrðum, Fms. x. 264:—of a ship, deep in the water, heavy, var skútan mjök sett, Finnb. 254; sá þeir at skipit var sett mjök, Ó. H. 170; skip konungs vóru sett mjök ok sollin, Fms. iii. 44.

2. as adj. settled; eru eigi þá sakarnar settri en áðr, Grág. i. 362:—composed, settr ok stillir, ráð-settr, q. v.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SETJA
4 BRÓÐIR

(gen., dat., and acc. bróður, pl. brœðr), m.

1) brother;

2) friar.

* * *

gen. dat. acc. bróður; pl. nom. acc. bræðr, gen. bræðra, dat. bræðrum: in mod. common usage irregular forms occur, as gen. sing. bróðurs; nom. sing., and gen. dat. acc. are also sometimes confounded, esp. in keeping the nom. form bróðir through all cases, or even the reverse (but rarely) in taking bróður as a nom.; another irregularity is acc. pl. with the article, bræður-nar instead of bræður-na, which latter form only survives in writing, the former in speaking. There is besides an obsolete poetical monosyllabic form brœðr, in nom. dat. acc. sing. and nom. acc. pl.; gen. sing. bræðrs; cp. such rhymes as brœðr—œðri, in a verse of Einar Skúlason (died about 1170); bræðr (dat.) Sinfjötla, Hkv. 2. 8, as nom. sing., Fagrsk. 54, v. l. (in a verse), etc., cp. Lex. Poët. This form is very rare in prose, vide however Nj., Lat. Vers. Johnsonius, 204, 333, v. 1., and a few times in Stj., e. g. síns bræðr, sinn bræðr, 160; it seems to be a Norse form, but occurs now and then in Icel. poetry even of the 15th century, e. g. bræðr nom. sing. rhymes with ræðr, Skáld H. 3. 11, G. H. M. ii. 482, but is quite strange to the spoken language: [Gr. φράτηρ; Lat. frāter; Goth. brôþar; A. S. brôðar; Engl. brother; Germ. bruder; Swed.-Dan. broder, pl. brödre]:—a brother: proverbs referring to this word—saman er bræðra eign bezt at sjá, Gísl. 17; einginn or annars bróðir í leik; móður-bræðrum verða menn líkastir, Bs. i. 134: a distinction is made between b. samfeðri or sammæðri, a brother having the same father or mother, Grág. i. 170 sqq.: in mod. usage more usual al-bróðir, brother on both sides; hálf-bróðir, a half-brother; b. skilgetinn, frater germanus móður-bróðir, a mother’s brother; föður-bróðir, a father’s brother, uncle; afa-bróðir, a grand-uncle on the father’s side; ömmu bróðir, a grand-uncle on the mother’s side; tengda-bróðir, a brother-in-law: in familiar talk an uncle is called ‘brother,’ and an aunt ‘sister.’ The ties of brotherhood were most sacred with the old Scandinavians; a brotherless man was a sort of orphan, cp. the proverb, berr er hverr á baki nema sér bróður eigi; to revenge a brother’s slaughter was a sacred duty; nú tóku þeir þetta fastmælum, at hvárr þeirra skal hefna annars eðr eptir mæla, svá sem þeir sé sambornir bræðr, Bjarn. 58: the word bróðurbani signifies a deadly foe, with whom there can be no truce, Hm. 88, Sdm. 35, Skm. 16, Hdl. 28; instances from the Sagas, Dropl. S. (in fine), Heiðarv. S. ch. 22 sqq., Grett. S. ch. 50. 92 sqq., E ch. 23, Ld. ch. 53 sqq., etc. The same feeling extended to foster-brotherhood, after the rite of blending blood has been performed; see the graphical descriptions in Fbr. S. (the latter part of the Saga), Gísl. ch. 14 sqq., etc. The universal peace of Fróði in the mythical age is thus described, that ‘no one will draw the sword even if he finds his brother’s slayer bound,’ Gs. verse 6; of the slaughter preceding and foreboding the Ragnarök ( the end of the world) it is said, that brothers will fight and put one another to death, Vsp. 46.

II. metaph.:

1. in a heathen sense; fóst-bróðir, foster-brother, q. v.; eið-bróðir, svara-bróðir, ‘oath-brother;’ leik-bróðir, play-brother, play-fellow: concerning foster-brothership, v. esp. Gísl. ii, Fbr., Fas. iii. 375 sqq., Hervar. S., Nj. 39, Ls. 9, the phrase, blanda blóði saman.

2. in a Christian sense, brother, brethren, N. T., H. E., Bs.

β. a brother, friar; Svörtu-bræðr, Blackfriars; Berfættu-bræðr, q. v.; Kórs-bræðr, Fratres Canonici, Bs., etc.

COMPDS:

I. sing., bróður-arfr, m. a brother’s inheritance, Orkn. 96, Fms. ix. 444. bróður-bani, a, m. a brother’s bane, fratricide, Ld. 236, Fms. iii. 21, vide above. bróðiir-baugr, m. weregild due to the brother, N. G. L. i. 74. bróður-blóð, n. a brother’s blood, Stj. 42. Gen. iv. 10. bróður-bætr, f. pl. weregild for a brother, Lv. 89. bróður-dauði, a, m. a brother’s death, Gísl. 24. bróður-deild, f. = bróðurhluti, Fr. bróður-dóttir, f. a brother’s daughter, niece, Grág. i. 170, Nj. 177; bróðurdóttur son, a brother’s son, N. G. L. i. 76. bróður-dráp, n. the slaying of a brother, Stj. 43, Fms. v. 290. bróður-gildr, adj. equal in right (inheritance) to a brother, Fr. bróður-gjöld, n. pl. = bróður-bætr, Eg. 312. bróður-hefnd, f. revenge for the slaying of a brother, Sturl. ii. 68. bróður-hluti, a, m. the share (as to weregild or inheritance) of a brother, Grág. ii. 175. bróður-kona, u, f. a brother’s wife, K. Á. 142. bróöur-kván, f. id., N. G. L. i. 170. bróður-lóð, n. a brother’s share of inheritance. bróður-son, m. a brother’s son, nephew, Nj. 122, Grág. i. 171, Gþl. 239, 240; bróðursona-baugr, Grág. ii. 179.

II. pl., bræðra-bani, v. bróðurbani, Fbr. 165. bræðra-búr, n. a friar’s bower in a monastery, Dipl. v. 18. bræðra-börn, n. pl. cousins (agnate), Gþl. 245. bræðra-dætr, f. pl. nieces(of brothers), Gþl. 246. bræðra-eign, f. property of brothers, Gísl. 17. bræðra-garðr, m. a ‘brothers-yard,’ monastery, D. N. bræðra-lag, n. fellowship of brethren, in heathen sense = fóstbræðralag, Hkr. iii. 300; of friars, H. E., D. I.; brotherhood, Pass. 9. 6. bræðra-mark, n. astron., the Gemini, Pr. 477. bræðra-skáli, a, m. an apartment for friars, Vm. 109. bræðra-skipti, n. division of inheritance among brothers, Hkr. iii. 52, Fas. i. 512. bræðra-synir, m. pl. cousins (of brothers), Gþl. 53.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BRÓÐIR

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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to draw blood of one

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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to draw blood of one

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