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1 john thomsons man
John Thomson's man
1> _шотл. человек, находящийся под башмаком у жены -
2 Thomson
m.1 Thomson, Sir Joseph John Thomson.2 Thomson, Sir George Paget Thomson.3 Thomson, Elihu Thomson.4 Thomson, Virgil Garnett Thomson. -
3 Thomson, Charles
(1729-1824) Томсон, ЧарлзКупец, патриотически настроенный деятель периода Войны за независимость [ Revolutionary War]. В 1739 сиротой был привезен в Америку из Ирландии. Начинал как коммерсант в Филадельфии, где вскоре достиг больших успехов в торговле. За жесткое противодействие английским властям Дж. Адамс [ Adams, John] назвал Томсона "филадельфийским Сэмом Адамсом" ["the Sam Adams of Philadelphia", Adams, Samuel]. Активно способствовал привлечению пенсильванцев к участию в первом Континентальном конгрессе [ Continental Congresses]. Сам Томсон не был избран делегатом из-за противодействия консервативных пенсильванских политиков, но смог в нем участвовать в качестве секретаря (1774-89)English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Thomson, Charles
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4 John Thomson's man
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > John Thomson's man
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5 John Thomson Agricultural Economics Centre, University of Western Australia
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > John Thomson Agricultural Economics Centre, University of Western Australia
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6 John Thomson's man
Шотландский язык: человек, находящийся под башмаком у жены -
7 John Thomson's man
діал.людина, яка знаходиться під черевиком у дружини -
8 John Thomson's man
діал.людина, яка знаходиться під черевиком у дружини -
9 John Thomson's man
[͵dʒɒnʹtɒms(ə)nzmæn] шотл.человек, находящийся под башмаком у жены -
10 Biles, Sir John Harvard
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 1854 Portsmouth, Englandd. 27 October 1933 Scotland (?)[br]English naval architect, academic and successful consultant in the years when British shipbuilding was at its peak.[br]At the conclusion of his apprenticeship at the Royal Dockyard, Portsmouth, Biles entered the Royal School of Naval Architecture, South Kensington, London; as it was absorbed by the Royal Naval College, he graduated from Greenwich to the Naval Construction Branch, first at Pembroke and later at the Admiralty. From the outset of his professional career it was apparent that he had the intellectual qualities that would enable him to oversee the greatest changes in ship design of all time. He was one of the earliest proponents of the revolutionary work of the hydrodynamicist William Froude.In 1880 Biles turned to the merchant sector, taking the post of Naval Architect to J. \& G. Thomson (later John Brown \& Co.). Using Froude's Law of Comparisons he was able to design the record-breaking City of Paris of 1887, the ship that started the fabled succession of fast and safe Clyde bank-built North Atlantic liners. For a short spell, before returning to Scotland, Biles worked in Southampton. In 1891 Biles accepted the Chair of Naval Architecture at the University of Glasgow. Working from the campus at Gilmorehill, he was to make the University (the oldest school of engineering in the English-speaking world) renowned in naval architecture. His workload was legendary, but despite this he was admired as an excellent lecturer with cheerful ways which inspired devotion to the Department and the University. During the thirty years of his incumbency of the Chair, he served on most of the important government and international shipping committees, including those that recommended the design of HMS Dreadnought, the ordering of the Cunarders Lusitania and Mauretania and the lifesaving improvements following the Titanic disaster. An enquiry into the strength of destroyer hulls followed the loss of HMS Cobra and Viper, and he published the report on advanced experimental work carried out on HMS Wolf by his undergraduates.In 1906 he became Consultant Naval Architect to the India Office, having already set up his own consultancy organization, which exists today as Sir J.H.Biles and Partners. His writing was prolific, with over twenty-five papers to professional institutions, sundry articles and a two-volume textbook.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1913. Knight Commander of the Indian Empire 1922. Master of the Worshipful Company of Shipwrights 1904.Bibliography1905, "The strength of ships with special reference to experiments and calculations made upon HMS Wolf", Transactions of the Institution of Naval Architects.1911, The Design and Construction of Ships, London: Griffin.Further ReadingC.A.Oakley, 1973, History of a Facuity, Glasgow University.FMWBiographical history of technology > Biles, Sir John Harvard
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11 Rankine, William John Macquorn
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 5 July 1820 Edinburgh, Scotlandd. 1872[br][br]Rankine was educated at Ayr Academy and Glasgow High School, although he appears to have learned much of his basic mathematics and physics through private study. He attended Edinburgh University and then assisted his father, who was acting as Superintendent of the Edinburgh and Dalkeith Railway. This introduction to engineering practice was followed in 1838 by his appointment as a pupil to Sir John MacNeill, and for the next four years he served under MacNeill on his Irish railway projects. While still in his early twenties, Rankine presented pioneering papers on metal fatigue and other subjects to the Institution of Civil Engineers, for which he won a prize, but he appears to have resigned from the Civils in 1857 after an argument because the Institution would not transfer his Associate Membership into full Membership. From 1844 to 1848 Rankine worked on various projects for the Caledonian Railway Company, but his interests were becoming increasingly theoretical and a series of distinguished papers for learned societies established his reputation as a leading scholar in the new science of thermodynamics. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1853. At the same time, he remained intimately involved with practical questions of applied science, in shipbuilding, marine engineering and electric telegraphy, becoming associated with the influential coterie of fellow Scots such as the Thomson brothers, Napier, Elder, and Lewis Gordon. Gordon was then the head of a large and successful engineering practice, but he was also Regius Professor of Engineering at the University of Glasgow, and when he retired from the Chair to pursue his business interests, Rankine, who had become his Assistant, was appointed in his place.From 1855 until his premature death in 1872, Rankine built up an impressive engineering department, providing a firm theoretical basis with a series of text books that he wrote himself and most of which remained in print for many decades. Despite his quarrel with the Institution of Civil Engineers, Rankine took a keen interest in the institutional development of the engineering profession, becoming the first President of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland, which he helped to establish in 1857. Rankine campaigned vigorously for the recognition of engineering studies as a full university degree at Glasgow, and he achieved this in 1872, the year of his death. Rankine was one of the handful of mid-nineteenth century engineers who virtually created engineering as an academic discipline.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1853. First President, Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland, 1857.Bibliography1858, Manual of Applied Mechanics.1859, Manual of the Steam Engine and Other Prime Movers.1862, Manual of Civil Engineering.1869, Manual of Machinery and Millwork.Further ReadingJ.Small, 1957, "The institution's first president", Proceedings of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland: 687–97.H.B.Sutherland, 1972, Rankine. His Life and Times.ABBiographical history of technology > Rankine, William John Macquorn
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12 Lawes, Sir John Bennet
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 28 December 1814 Rothamsted, Hertfordshire, Englandd. 31 August 1900 Rothamsted, Hertfordshire, England[br]English scientific agriculturalist.[br]Lawes's education at Eton and Oxford did little to inform his early taste for chemistry, which he developed largely on his own. By the age of 20 he had fitted up the best bedroom in his house as a fully equipped chemical laboratory. His first interest was in the making of drugs; it was said that he knew the Pharmacopoeia, by heart. He did, however, receive some instruction from Anthony Todd Thomson of University College, London. His father having died in 1822, Lawes entered into possession of the Rothamsted estate when he came of age in 1834. He began experiments with plants with uses as drugs, but following an observation by a neighbouring farmer of the effect of bones on the growth of certain crops Lawes turned to experiments with bones dissolved in sulphuric acid on his turnip crop. The results were so promising that he took out a patent in 1842 for converting mineral and fossil phosphates into a powerful manure by the action of sulphuric acid. The manufacture of these superphosphates became a major industry of tremendous benefit to agriculture. Lawes himself set up a factory at Deptford in 1842 and a larger one in 1857 at Barking Creek, both near London. The profits from these and other chemical manufacturing concerns earned Lawes profits which funded his experimental work at Rothamsted. In 1843, Lawes set up the world's first agricultural experiment station. Later in the same year he was joined by Joseph Henry Gilbert, and together they carried out a considerable number of experiments of great benefit to agriculture, many of the results of which were published in the leading scientific journals of the day, including the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. In all, 132 papers were published, most of them jointly with Gilbert. A main theme of the work on plants was the effect of various chemical fertilizers on the growth of different crops, compared with the effects of farm manure and of no treatment at all. On animal rearing, they studied particularly the economical feeding of animals.The work at Rothamsted soon brought Lawes into prominence; he joined the Royal Agricultural Society in 1846 and became a member of its governing body two years later, a position he retained for over fifty years. Numerous distinctions followed and Rothamsted became a place of pilgrimage for people from many parts of the world who were concerned with the application of science to agriculture. Rothamsted's jubilee in 1893 was marked by a public commemoration headed by the Prince of Wales.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsBaronet 1882. FRS 1854. Royal Society Royal Medal (jointly with Gilbert) 1867.Further ReadingMemoir with portrait published in J. Roy. Agric. Soc. Memoranda of the origin, plan and results of the field and other experiments at Rothamsted, issued annually by the Lawes Agricultural Trust Committee, with a list of Lawes's scientific papers.LRD -
13 Perry, John
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 14 February 1850 Garvagh, Co. Londonderry, Ireland (now Northern Ireland)d. 4 August 1920 London, England[br]Irish engineer, mathematician and technical-education pioneer.[br]Educated at Queens College, Belfast, Perry became Physics Master at Clifton College in 1870 until 1874. This was followed by a brief period of study under Sir William Thomson in Glasgow. He was then appointed Professor of Engineering at the Imperial College of Japan in Tokyo, where he formed a remarkable research partnership with W.E. Ayrton. On his return to England he became Professor of Engineering and Mathematics at City and Guilds College, Finsbury. Perry was the co-inventor with Ayrton of many electrical measuring instruments between 1880 and 1890, including an energy meter incorporating pendulum clocks and the first practicable portable ammeter and voltmeter, the latter being extensively used until superseded by instruments of greater accuracy. An optical indicator for high-speed steam engines was among Perry's many patents. Having made a notable contribution to education, particularly in the teaching of mathematics, he turned his attention in the latter period of his life to the improvement of the gyrostatic compass.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1885. President, Institution of Electrical Engineers 1900. Whitworth Scholar 1870.Bibliography28 April 1883, jointly with Ayrton, British patent no. 2,156 (portable ammeter and voltmeter).1900, England's Neglect of Science, London (for Perry's collected papers on technical education).Further ReadingObituary, 1920, Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 58:901–2.D.W.Jordan, 1985, "The cry for useless knowledge: education for a new Victorian technology", Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 132 (Part A): 587– 601.GW -
14 Electricity
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15 Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Clement, JosephDu ShiDu YuGongshu PanLi BingMa JunMurdock, WilliamSomerset, EdwardBiographical history of technology > Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering
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16 Ford's Theatre
Один из известных театров в г. Вашингтоне. Печально знаменит тем, что в нем в 1865 был застрелен президент А. Линкольн [ Lincoln, Abraham]. Актеры театра утверждают, что убийца - актер Дж. У. Бут [ Booth, John Wilkes], пытаясь скрыться, оставил на сцене "дьявольский след" ["the line of evil"], пересекая который они чувствуют понижение температуры воздуха. Основатель театра Дж. Т. Форд [Ford, John Thomson] (1829-94) в ходе следствия провел месяц в тюрьме, затем Конгресс вынудил его продать театр. Несчастье вновь обрушилось на театр в 1893, когда 28 человек были погребены под его рухнувшей стеной. С 1968 театр является национальной исторической достопримечательностью [Ford's Theatre National Historic Site] и музеем Линкольна; восстановлена президентская ложа, в которой он был убитEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Ford's Theatre
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17 Telecommunications
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18 Центр сельскохозяйственной экономики Джона Томсона, университет штата Западная Австралия
General subject: John Thomson Agricultural Economics Centre, University of Western Australia (Австралия)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Центр сельскохозяйственной экономики Джона Томсона, университет штата Западная Австралия
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19 человек, находящийся под башмаком у жены
Scottish language: John Thomson's manУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > человек, находящийся под башмаком у жены
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20 Great Seal of the United States
Государственная эмблема США. Принята 20 июня 1782. Разработана по проекту секретаря Конгресса Ч. Томсона [Thomson, Charles] при участии специалиста по геральдике У. Бартона [Barton, William]. Рисунок на лицевой стороне является государственным гербом США. Это изображение орлана [ bald eagle], держащего в правой лапе оливковую ветвь с тринадцатью оливками как символ миролюбия и тринадцать стрел - в левой - как символ готовности защитить себя. В клюве орлана лента с надписью по-латыни, выбранной комиссией в составе Б. Франклина [ Franklin, Benjamin], Дж. Адамса [ Adams, John] и Т. Джефферсона [ Jefferson, Thomas]: E pluribus unum = "Из многих (штатов) единая (нация)". Над головой орлана созвездие из 13 звезд в окружении "славы" - золотистого ореола, пробивающегося сквозь облако. На реверсе - изображение недостроенной пирамиды пирамиды из 13 рядов камня, над которой в треугольнике светит Глаз Провидения. По окружности надпись "Annui coeptis" = "Он (Господь) благосклонен к нашему начинанию" и "Novus ordo seclorum" = "Новый порядок на века" (перифраза из Вергилия "Seclorum novus nascitur ordo" = "рождается новый порядок веков"). Постоянно повторяющийся мотив тринадцати символизирует число штатов, первоначально составивших Союз [ Thirteen Colonies]. Лицевая сторона печати используется на официальных государственных документах. Обратная сторона так и не была выгравирована, а ее рисунок используется на однодолларовой банкноте. Реальная печать (только с лицевой стороной) - четвертый экземпляр в истории США (используется с 1904)English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Great Seal of the United States
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