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thin-layer+model

  • 1 тонкослоистая модель

    Geophysics: thin-layer model

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > тонкослоистая модель

  • 2 Folie

    f; -, -n
    1. Metall: foil; aus Plastik: film, meist cling film, Am. plastic wrap; für Overheadprojektor, in Buch: transparency
    2. geh. (Hintergrund) background; als Folie dienen geh. fig. serve as background ( als Kontrast: as a foil) (+ Dat to)
    * * *
    die Folie
    film; foil
    * * *
    Fo|lie ['foːliə]
    f -, -n
    1) (= Plastikfolie) film; (für Projektor) transparency; (= Metallfolie, TYP, COOK) foil; (= Schicht) layer of film/foil
    2) (fig = Hintergrund) background

    etw als Folie benutzen — to use sth as a model

    * * *
    (extremely thin sheets of metal that resemble paper: silver foil.) foil
    * * *
    Fo·lie
    <-, -n>
    [ˈfo:li̯ə]
    f
    1. (Plastikfolie) [plastic] film; (Metallfolie) foil
    Kartoffeln/Fisch in der \Folie potatoes/fish baked in foil
    2. (Projektorfolie) [projector] slide
    3. (geh: geistiger Hintergrund) backdrop
    * * *
    die; Folie, Folien (MetallFolie) foil; (PlastikFolie) film
    * * *
    Folie f; -, -n
    1. Metall: foil; aus Plastik: film, meist cling film, US plastic wrap; für Overheadprojektor, in Buch: transparency
    2. geh (Hintergrund) background;
    als Folie dienen geh fig serve as background ( als Kontrast: as a foil) (+dat to)
    * * *
    die; Folie, Folien (MetallFolie) foil; (PlastikFolie) film
    * * *
    -n f.
    foil n.
    overhead transparency n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Folie

  • 3 galvanizar

    v.
    to galvanize.
    * * *
    1 to galvanize
    * * *
    VT
    1) (Fís) to electroplate, galvanize
    2) (=estimular) to galvanize
    * * *
    verbo transitivo to galvanize
    * * *
    = galvanise [galvanize, -USA].
    Ex. Therefore cars are often galvanised (the surface is coated with a thin layer of zinc) and always painted.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo to galvanize
    * * *
    = galvanise [galvanize, -USA].

    Ex: Therefore cars are often galvanised (the surface is coated with a thin layer of zinc) and always painted.

    * * *
    galvanizar [A4 ]
    vt
    to galvanize
    * * *
    1. [metal] to galvanize
    2. [estimular] to galvanize;
    su llegada galvanizó a los compañeros de equipo his arrival galvanized his teammates
    * * *
    v/t galvanize
    * * *
    galvanizar {21} vt
    : to galvanize

    Spanish-English dictionary > galvanizar

  • 4 Cockerell, Christopher Sydney

    [br]
    b. 4 June 1910 Cambridge, England
    [br]
    British designer and engineer who invented the hovercraft.
    [br]
    He was educated at Gresham's School in Holt and at Peterhouse College, Cambridge, where he graduated in engineering in 1931; he was made an Honorary Fellow in 1974. Cockerell entered the engineering firm of W.H.Allen \& Sons of Bedford as a pupil in 1931, and two years later he returned to Cambridge to engage in radio research for a further two years. In 1935 he joined Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company, working on very high frequency (VHF) transmitters and direction finders. During the Second World War he worked on airborne navigation and communication equipment, and later he worked on radar. During this period he filed thirty six patents in the fields of radio and navigational systems.
    In 1950 Cockerell left Marconi to set up his own boat-hire business on the Norfolk Broads. He began to consider how to increase the speed of boats by means of air lubrication. Since the 1870s engineers had at times sought to reduce the drag on a boat by means of a thin layer of air between hull and water. After his first experiments, Cockerell concluded that a significant reduction in drag could only be achieved with a thick cushion of air. After experimenting with several ways of applying the air-cushion principle, the first true hovercraft "took off" in 1955. It was a model in balsa wood, 2 ft 6 in. (762 mm) long and weighing 4½ oz. (27.6 g); it was powered by a model-aircraft petrol engine and could travel over land or water at 13 mph (20.8 km/h). Cockerell filed his first hovercraft patent on 12 December 1955. The following year he founded Hovercraft Ltd and began the search for a manufacturer. The government was impressed with the invention's military possibilities and placed it on the secret list. The secret leaked out, however, and the project was declassified. In 1958 the National Research and Development Corporation decided to give its backing, and the following year Saunders Roe Ltd with experience of making flying boats, produced the epoch-making SR N1, a hovercraft with an air cushion produced by air jets directed downwards and inwards arranged round the periphery of the craft. It made a successful crossing of the English Channel, with the inventor on board.
    Meanwhile Cockerell had modified the hovercraft so that the air cushion was enclosed within flexible skirts. In this form it was taken up by manufacturers throughout the world and found wide application as a passenger-carrying vehicle, for military transport and in scientific exploration and survey work. The hover principle found other uses, such as for air-beds to relieve severely burned patients and for hover mowers.
    The development of the hovercraft has occupied Cockerell since then and he has been actively involved in the several companies set up to exploit the invention, including Hovercraft Development Ltd and British Hovercraft Corporation. In the 1970s and 1980s he took up the idea of the generation of electricity by wavepower; he was Founder of Wavepower Ltd, of which he was Chairman from 1974 to 1982.
    [br]
    Principal Honours find Distinctions
    Knighted 1969. CBE 1955. FRS 1967.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Cockerell, Christopher Sydney

  • 5 Scott de Martinville, Edouard-Léon

    SUBJECT AREA: Recording
    [br]
    b. 25 April 1817 Paris, France
    d. 29 April 1879 Paris, France
    [br]
    French amateur phonetician, who developed a recorder for sound waves.
    [br]
    He was the descendant of a Scottish family who emigrated to France in 1688. He trained as a printer and later became a proof corrector in printing houses catering predominantly for scientific publishers. He became interested in shorthand systems and eventually turned his interest to making a permanent record of sounds in air. At the time it was already known (Young, Duhamel, Wertheim) to record vibrations of bodies. He made a theoretical study and deposited under sealed wrapper a note in the Académie des Sciences on 26 January 1857. He approached the scientific instrument maker Froment and was able to pay for the manufacture of one instrument due to support from the Société d'Encouragement à l'Industrie Nationale. This funding body obtained a positive report from the physicist Lissajous on 6 January 1858. A new model phonautograph was constructed in collaboration with the leading scientific instrument maker in Paris at the time, Rudolph Koenig, and a contract was signed in 1859. The instrument was a success, and Koenig published a collection of traces in 1864.
    Although the membrane was parallel to the rotating surface, a primitive lever system generated lateral movements of a bristle which scratched curves in a thin layer of lampblack on the rotating surface. The curves were not necessarily representative of the vibrations in the air. Scott did not imagine the need for reproducing a recorded sound; rather, his intention was to obtain a trace that would lend itself to mathematical analysis and visual recognition of sounds. Obviously the latter did not require the same degree of linearity as the former. When Scott learned that similar apparatus had been built independently in the USA, he requested that his sealed wrapper be opened on 15 July 1861 in order to prove his scientific priority. The contract with Koenig left Scott without influence over his instrument, and eventually he became convinced that everyone else, including Edison in the end, had stolen his invention. Towards the end of his life he became interested mainly in the history of printing, and he was involved in the publishing of a series of books about books.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    25 March 1857, amended 29 July 1859, French patent no. 31,470.
    Further Reading
    P.Charbon, 1878, Scott de Martinville, Paris: Hifi Stereo, pp. 199–205 (a good biography produced at the time of the centenary of the Edison phonograph).
    V.J.Philips, 1987, Waveforms, Bristol: Adam Hilger, pp. 45–8 (provides a good account of the importance of his contributions to accurate measurements of temporal phenomena).
    GB-N

    Biographical history of technology > Scott de Martinville, Edouard-Léon

  • 6 secar

    v.
    el sol secó los campos the sun dried out the fields
    2 to wipe away.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ SACAR], like link=sacar sacar
    1 (gen) to dry
    2 (lágrimas, vajilla) to wipe; (tinta) to blot; (líquido) to wipe up, mop up
    3 (planta) to wither, dry up; (río, fuente, etc) to dry up
    1 (gen) to dry
    2 (líquido, río, etc) to dry up; (planta) to wither, dry up
    3 figurado (enflaquecer) to become thin
    \
    secarse la frente to mop one's brow
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=quitar la humedad) [con paño, toalla] to dry; [con fregona] to mop up; [con papel secante] to blot

    secar los platos — to dry the plates, dry up

    2) (=resecar) [+ planta, terreno] to dry up; [+ piel] to dry out
    3) Uru (=fastidiar) to annoy, vex
    2.
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) <ropa/pelo/platos> to dry; <pintura/arcilla> to dry
    b) <tierra/plantas/hierba> to dry up
    2.
    secar vi to dry
    3.
    secarse v pron
    1)
    a) ropa/pintura/pelo to dry
    b) herida to heal (up)
    c) tierra/planta/hierba to dry up
    d) río/pozo/fuente to dry up
    e) arroz/guiso to go dry
    2) (refl) persona <manos/pelo> to dry; < lágrimas> to dry, wipe away
    * * *
    = dry, dab up, dehumidify, dry out, drain off, blot, dry + Nombre + up, parch.
    Ex. In the Wei T'o process books are dried in a vacuum chamber and then treated with a neutrilising solution of liquid gas.
    Ex. Place a drop of a saturated solution of sugar in water on the paper and dab up the excess liquid with cotton wool.
    Ex. Telephone calls were made to the following: dairy (to secure milk carton storage for books); grocery stores (for freezer space for books); fire department (for fans to dehumidify books); and aerospace companies (for vacuum freezing facilities).
    Ex. These tapes effect a permanent repair and do not discolour, but ordinary cellulose tapes such as Sellotape are not suitable for this purpose as they dry out, become discoloured and brittle, and cannot be removed without lifting a layer of paper and text.
    Ex. When removed from the sink the items were left to drain off for half an hour at room temperature, then packaged in polythene in separate bundles and placed in a domestic refrigerator for 7 weeks.
    Ex. If a stencil is carefully removed from the cylinder after use and blotted to remove excess ink, it can be stored and re-used.
    Ex. They scraped the sinew, washed it up, dried it up, and then they split it.
    Ex. Droughts are becoming a common feature, parching the land at least once every two years.
    ----
    * colgar Algo para que se seque = hang + Nombre + out to dry.
    * cortar y secar = cut and dry.
    * secar las lágrimas = wipe (away) + tears.
    * secarse = dry off, shrivel up, shrivel, run + dry, dry out.
    * secarse completamente = dry up.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) <ropa/pelo/platos> to dry; <pintura/arcilla> to dry
    b) <tierra/plantas/hierba> to dry up
    2.
    secar vi to dry
    3.
    secarse v pron
    1)
    a) ropa/pintura/pelo to dry
    b) herida to heal (up)
    c) tierra/planta/hierba to dry up
    d) río/pozo/fuente to dry up
    e) arroz/guiso to go dry
    2) (refl) persona <manos/pelo> to dry; < lágrimas> to dry, wipe away
    * * *
    = dry, dab up, dehumidify, dry out, drain off, blot, dry + Nombre + up, parch.

    Ex: In the Wei T'o process books are dried in a vacuum chamber and then treated with a neutrilising solution of liquid gas.

    Ex: Place a drop of a saturated solution of sugar in water on the paper and dab up the excess liquid with cotton wool.
    Ex: Telephone calls were made to the following: dairy (to secure milk carton storage for books); grocery stores (for freezer space for books); fire department (for fans to dehumidify books); and aerospace companies (for vacuum freezing facilities).
    Ex: These tapes effect a permanent repair and do not discolour, but ordinary cellulose tapes such as Sellotape are not suitable for this purpose as they dry out, become discoloured and brittle, and cannot be removed without lifting a layer of paper and text.
    Ex: When removed from the sink the items were left to drain off for half an hour at room temperature, then packaged in polythene in separate bundles and placed in a domestic refrigerator for 7 weeks.
    Ex: If a stencil is carefully removed from the cylinder after use and blotted to remove excess ink, it can be stored and re-used.
    Ex: They scraped the sinew, washed it up, dried it up, and then they split it.
    Ex: Droughts are becoming a common feature, parching the land at least once every two years.
    * colgar Algo para que se seque = hang + Nombre + out to dry.
    * cortar y secar = cut and dry.
    * secar las lágrimas = wipe (away) + tears.
    * secarse = dry off, shrivel up, shrivel, run + dry, dry out.
    * secarse completamente = dry up.

    * * *
    secar [A2 ]
    vt
    1 ‹ropa/pelo› to dry; ‹platos› to dry; ‹pintura/arcilla› to dry
    le secó las lágrimas con un pañuelo she wiped away o dried his tears with a handkerchief
    2 ‹tierra› to dry up; ‹plantas/hierba› to dry up
    el sol seca la piel the sun makes your skin dry o dries out your skin
    ■ secar
    vi
    to dry
    yo friego y tú secas I'll wash and you dry
    ponlo a secar al sol put it out in the sun to dry
    A
    1 to dry
    este pegamento se seca enseguida this glue dries o sets straightaway
    se me ha secado la garganta my throat's gone really dry
    se me seca mucho la piel my skin gets very dry
    2 «herida» to heal (up)
    3 «tierra» to dry up; «planta/hierba» to dry up
    4 «río/pozo/fuente» to dry up
    5 «arroz/guiso» to go dry
    el pollo se ha secado demasiado the chicken has dried out o gone dry
    B ( refl) «persona» ‹manos/pelo› to dry; ‹lágrimas› to dry, wipe away
    se secó el sudor de la frente he wiped the sweat off his forehead, he mopped his brow
    se secó con la toalla she dried herself (off) with the towel
    * * *

     

    secar ( conjugate secar) verbo transitivo
    a) ‹ropa/pelo/platos› to dry;

    ‹pintura/arcilla› to dry
    b) ‹tierra/plantas/hierba› to dry up;

    ‹ piel› to make … dry
    verbo intransitivo
    to dry
    secarse verbo pronominal
    1
    a) [ropa/pintura/pelo] to dry;

    [ piel] to get dry;


    c) [tierra/planta/hierba] to dry up

    d) [río/pozo/fuente] to dry up

    e) [arroz/guiso] to go dry

    2 ( refl) [ persona] to dry oneself;
    ‹manos/pelo› to dry;
    ‹ lágrimas› to dry, wipe away
    secar verbo transitivo to dry: el sol secó la pintura, the sun dried the paint
    ' secar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    paño
    English:
    blot
    - blow-dry
    - dry
    - mop
    - mop up
    - rub down
    - shrivel
    - towel
    - tumble
    - wipe
    - wipe away
    - sear
    - season
    - weather
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [platos, manos, niño] to dry
    2. [planta, tierra] to dry up;
    el sol secó los campos the sun parched the fields
    3. [enjugar] to wipe away;
    [con fregona] to mop up
    4. Dep [jugador] to mark
    5. RP Fam [fastidiar] to get on sb's nerves;
    por favor, no me dejes sola con ella porque me seca please don't leave me alone with her, she drives me up the wall
    ♦ vi
    to dry;
    déjalo ahí a secar leave it there to dry
    * * *
    v/t dry
    * * *
    secar {72} v
    : to dry
    * * *
    secar vb to dry [pt. & pp. dried]

    Spanish-English dictionary > secar

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