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1 be
v. Үйл үгэнд хэрэглэгдэнэ. Үүнд: Одоо цаг: I am, I'm, You are, you're, He/ she/ it is, he's, We are, we're, You are, you're, They are, they're. Өнгөрсөн цаг: I was, You were, He/ she/ it was, We were, You were, They were. Нөхцөл үйл үгийн өнгөрсөн цаг: been. Нөхцөл үйл үгийн одоо цаг: being. Үгүйсгэх хэлбэр: aren't, isn't, wasn't, weren't. 1. үйл үгийн одоо үргэлжлэх, үргэлжлэн өнгөрсөн цагуудыг үүсгэхэд туслах үйл үгийн үүрэг гүйцэтгэнэ. Жишээ нь: I'm working at the moment. Би яг одоо ажиллаж байна. She was reading a book. Тэр ном уншиж байлаа. We're leaving tomorrow. Бид маргааш явна. 2. үйл үгийн идэвхгүй хэв үүсгэхэд мөн туслах үйл үгийн үүрэгтэй. Жишээлбэл: He was attacked by three men. Түүн рүү гурван хүн дайрав. The building was decorated last year. Байшинд ноднин жил засвар хийсэн. Тайлбар: өгүүлбэрүүдийг махчлан орчуулсангүй утгаар нь монголчлов. 3. болох. Жишээ нь: He's to meet the president next week. Тэр, ерөнхийлөгчтэй дараагийн долоо хоногт уулзана. 4. байх (бол, байна, болов г. м.) утгыг илэрхийлдэг. Жишээлбэл: This is Mr Stevenson. Энэ хүн бол Стивенсон гуай. The book is on the table. Ном ширээн дээр байна. The election was on Monday. Сонгууль Даваа гаригт болов. 5. there is, there are, etc гэх мэт хэлхэц нь бий, байдаг, байж байна гэсэн утгатай. Жишээ нь: There were three people in the room. Өрөөнд гурван хүн байлаа. -
2 up
prep. 1. өөдөө, дээшээ. run \up the stairs шат өөд гүйх. 2. руу, луу. He came \up to me. Тэр над руу дөхөж ирлээ. 3. хүртэл. I counted \up to ten. Би арав хүртэл тоолов. It's \up to you. Энэ таны хэрэг. adv. дээр, дээшээ. My room is \up there. Миний өрөө дээр байдаг. He looked up and saw a bird. Тэр дээшээ харж шувуу олж үзэв. \up and down дээшээ доошоо, хойшоо урагшаа. drink \up дуустал уух. be \up нойрноос сэрэх, босох. She isn't \up yet. Тэр бүсгүй арай л босоогүй байна. Time is \up. Цаг боллоо/ дууслаа. What's \up ? Юу болов?
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