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1 peasantry
nounpeasants as a group; the peasants of a particular place:فَلاّحون، طَبَقَة الفَلاّحينWhat part did the peasantry play in the Russian revolution?
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2 крестьянское сословие
Русско-английский словарь по общей лексике > крестьянское сословие
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3 campesinado
m.peasants, peasantry.* * *1 peasantry, peasants plural* * *noun m.* * *SM peasantry, peasants pl* * *masculino peasantry, peasants (pl)* * *= peasantry.Ex. Most of the funds came from the upper class at first, but the peasantry began to contribute more during the last third of the century.* * *masculino peasantry, peasants (pl)* * *= peasantry.Ex: Most of the funds came from the upper class at first, but the peasantry began to contribute more during the last third of the century.
* * *peasantry, peasants (pl)* * *campesinado nmpeasants, peasantry* * *m peasantry, peasants pl -
4 campesinos
m.pl.peasants, backwoodsmen, country folk, country people.* * *(n.) = peasantryEx. Most of the funds came from the upper class at first, but the peasantry began to contribute more during the last third of the century.* * *(n.) = peasantryEx: Most of the funds came from the upper class at first, but the peasantry began to contribute more during the last third of the century.
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5 съсловие
class; profession; ист. estateдворянското съсловие the nobilityучителското/търговското и np. съсловие the teachers/merchants, etc.* * *съсло̀вие,ср., -я class, profession; истор. estate; дворянското \съсловиее the nobility; духовното \съсловиее the clergy; селското \съсловиее the peasantry; третото \съсловиее истор. the third estate.* * *class ; profession (ист.)* * *1. class;profession;ucm. estate 2. дворянското СЪСЛoВИЕ the nobility 3. духовното СЪСЛoВИЕ the clergy 4. селското СЪСЛoВИЕ the peasantry 5. третото СЪСЛoВИЕ ucm. the third estate 6. учителското/търговското и np. СЪСЛoВИЕ the teachers/ merchants, etc. -
6 rahvas
yks.nom. rahvas; yks.gen. rahvaan; yks.part. rahvasta; yks.ill. rahvaaseen; mon.gen. rahvaiden rahvaitten; mon.part. rahvaita; mon.ill. rahvaisiin rahvaihincommon people (noun)country people (noun)countryfolk (noun)hoi polloi (noun)populace (noun)peasantry (noun)* * *• hoi polloi• the people• the peasantry• the multitude• the masses• the common people• populace• rabble• peasantry• masses• multitude• countryfolk• country people• common people• people -
7 Bauernschaft
f (farming) community* * *Bau|ern|schaft ['bauɐnʃaft]f -, no plfarming community; (ärmlich) peasantry* * *(peasants as a group; the peasants of a particular place: What part did the peasantry play in the Russian revolution?) peasantry* * *Bau·ern·schaft<->f kein pl farming community, farmers* * *Bauernschaft f (farming) community -
8 masse
masse [mas]1. feminine nouna. ( = volume) mass ; ( = forme) massive shapeb. ( = foule) les masses the massesd. ( = maillet) sledgehammer• ça a été le coup de masse ! (choc émotif) it was quite a blow! ; (prix excessif) it cost a bomb! (inf)e. (locutions)• tu as aimé ce film ? -- pas des masses ! did you like that film? -- not much!• il n'y en a pas des masses [d'eau, argent] there isn't much ; [de chaises, spectateurs] there aren't many► en masse [exécutions, production] mass before n2. compounds* * *mas1) ( ensemble) massla masse croissante des chômeurs — the swelling ranks (pl) of the unemployed
2) ( grande quantité)départs/exécutions en masse — mass exodus (sg)/executions
il a des masses (colloq) d'argent/de copains — he's got masses ou loads (colloq) of money/of friends
‘tu as aimé ce livre?’ - ‘pas des masses’ — (colloq) ‘did you like this book?’ - ‘not much'
3) ( peuple)la masse — the masses (pl)
enseignement/loisirs de masse — education/leisure activities for the masses
4) Physique mass5) ( en électricité) earth GB, ground US6) ( maillet) sledgehammer•Phrasal Verbs:••se noyer or fondre dans la masse — to get lost in the crowd
* * *mas1. nf1) PHYSIQUE mass2) [muscles, air, eau] massOn distinguait la masse du bâtiment dans la brume. — You could make out the mass of the building in the mist.
3) [individus] crowd, massla masse — the masses pl
5) ÉLECTRICITÉ, ÉLECTRONIQUE earth Grande-Bretagne ground USAmettre à la masse — to earth Grande-Bretagne to ground USA
6) (= outil) sledgehammer7) *une masse de; des masses de (= beaucoup de) — masses of, loads of
J'ai une masse de choses à faire. — I've got masses of things to do.
8) (locutions)Les gens sont venus en masse pour l'accueillir. — People came en masse to welcome him.
Ces jouets sont produits en masse en Chine. — These toys are mass-produced in China.
dans la masse [sculpté] — from the block
2. masses nfpl(= population) masses* * *masse nf1 ( ensemble) mass; masse rocheuse rocky mass; masse neigeuse/nuageuse mass of snow/cloud; masse d'air chaud mass of warm air; masse d'eau body of water; masse informe shapeless mass; une masse humaine a mass of humanity; la masse croissante des chômeurs the swelling ranks of the unemployed (pl); statue taillée dans la masse statue hewn from the block; homme taillé dans la masse tall muscular man; teinté dans la masse mass-colouredGB;2 ( grande quantité) une masse de a lot of; une masse de poussière/documents a lot of dust/documents; exécutions en masse mass executions; faire des recrutements en masse to embark on a mass recruitment drive; ils sont venus en masse they came in droves; produire qch en masse to mass-produce sth; production de masse mass production; la population a voté en masse there was a high turnout at the election; les manifestants ont envahi le stade en masse the demonstrators invaded the stadium en masse; il a des masses○ d'argent/de copains/de livres he's got masses ou loads○ of money/of friends/of books; ‘tu as aimé ce livre?’-‘pas des masses’○ ‘did you like this book?’-‘not much ou particularly’; je ne le connais pas des masses○ I don't know him that well; des hommes comme lui, je n'en connais pas des masses○ he's a rare bird;3 ( majorité) bulk; la masse des électeurs demeure indécise the bulk of the electorate remains undecided;4 ( peuple) la masse the masses (pl); masses laborieuses working classes; les masses paysannes the peasantry (+ v sg ou pl); culture de masse mass culture; littérature de masse popular literature; enseignement/loisirs de masse education/leisure activities for the masses; moyens de communication de masse mass media;5 Phys mass; masse atomique/moléculaire atomic/molecular mass;6 Électrotech earth GB, ground US; mettre un fil électrique à la masse to earth GB ou ground US an electric wire;7 Art mass;8 Pharm mass;9 ( maillet) sledgehammer; enfoncer qch à la masse or à coups de masse to knock sth in with a sledgehammer.masse d'armes mace; masse critique critical mass; masse inerte inertial mass; masse monétaire money supply; masse pesante gravitational mass; masse salariale (total) wage bill; masse spécifique or volumique density.se noyer or fondre dans la masse to get lost in the crowd; (se laisser) tomber comme une masse to collapse; dormir comme une masse to sleep like a log○; être à la masse◑ to be crackers○ GB ou nuts○, to be mad.[mas] nom féminin1. [bloc informe] masss'abattre ou s'écrouler ou s'affaisser comme une masse to collapse ou to slump heavily2. (familier) [grande quantité]a. [objets] heaps ou masses ofb. [gens] crowds ou masses ofdes amis, il n'en a pas des masses he hasn't got that many friends[douze grosses] great gross4. [groupe social]communication/culture de masse mass communication/culture[majorité] majority6. ÉCONOMIE & FINANCEla masse des créanciers/obligataires the body of creditors/bondholdersmasse atomique/moléculaire atomic/molecular mass12. ARMEMENT13. [de billard] butt (of cue)————————à la masse (très familier) locution adjectivale————————en masse locution adjectivale[licenciements, production] mass (modificateur)————————en masse locution adverbiale1. [en grande quantité]produire ou fabriquer en masse to mass-producese déplacer en masse to go in a body ou en masse -
9 paysannerie
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10 peyzannri
[from Fre paysannerie]: peasantry. Dan peyzannri vinn lavangard dan lalit pu sanzman = The vanguard for the struggle for change comes from the peasantry. -
11 חקלאה
חַקְלָאָה, חַקְלָיָיאm. (preced.) field-laborer, peasant; trnsf. boor, ignorant man. Meg.7b, v. דִּיקוּלָא. Keth.79a חזי מר נחמן ח׳ see, sir, how this ignoramus Naḥman Pl. חַקְלָאֵי. Ber.37b.Mixed pl. חַקְלָיָיתָא peasantry. Sabb.12a אבל דח׳וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דבני חַקְלָיָתָא) but the garments of the peasantry are easily distinguishable (as to mens or womens). -
12 חקלייא
חַקְלָאָה, חַקְלָיָיאm. (preced.) field-laborer, peasant; trnsf. boor, ignorant man. Meg.7b, v. דִּיקוּלָא. Keth.79a חזי מר נחמן ח׳ see, sir, how this ignoramus Naḥman Pl. חַקְלָאֵי. Ber.37b.Mixed pl. חַקְלָיָיתָא peasantry. Sabb.12a אבל דח׳וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דבני חַקְלָיָתָא) but the garments of the peasantry are easily distinguishable (as to mens or womens). -
13 חַקְלָאָה
חַקְלָאָה, חַקְלָיָיאm. (preced.) field-laborer, peasant; trnsf. boor, ignorant man. Meg.7b, v. דִּיקוּלָא. Keth.79a חזי מר נחמן ח׳ see, sir, how this ignoramus Naḥman Pl. חַקְלָאֵי. Ber.37b.Mixed pl. חַקְלָיָיתָא peasantry. Sabb.12a אבל דח׳וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דבני חַקְלָיָתָא) but the garments of the peasantry are easily distinguishable (as to mens or womens). -
14 חַקְלָיָיא
חַקְלָאָה, חַקְלָיָיאm. (preced.) field-laborer, peasant; trnsf. boor, ignorant man. Meg.7b, v. דִּיקוּלָא. Keth.79a חזי מר נחמן ח׳ see, sir, how this ignoramus Naḥman Pl. חַקְלָאֵי. Ber.37b.Mixed pl. חַקְלָיָיתָא peasantry. Sabb.12a אבל דח׳וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דבני חַקְלָיָתָא) but the garments of the peasantry are easily distinguishable (as to mens or womens). -
15 stan2
Ⅰ m (G stanu) 1. (część państwa związkowego) state- granica stanu the state border- Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki Północnej the United States of America2. Hist. (warstwa społeczna) class- stan chłopski the peasantry- stan ziemiański the gentry- stan średni (mieszczaństwo) the middle class- stan trzeci the third estate- stan duchowny the clergy- stan rycerski the knightly order- człowiek niskiego/wysokiego stanu a person of low/high rank- żyć ponad stan to live beyond one’s means3. przest., książk. (zawód) profession- stan nauczycielski/urzędniczy/wojskowy the teaching/administrative/military profession4. przest. (państwo) state- mąż stanu a statesman- sekretarz stanu a secretary of state- racja stanu raison d’état- tajemnica stanu a state secret- trybunał stanu the State Tribunal- zamach stanu a coup d’état- zdrada stanu high treasonⅡ Stany plt pot. (USA) the States pot.- □ Stany Generalne Hist. Estates General, States GeneralThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > stan2
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16 сословие
с.1) ист. ( социальная группа) estateдворя́нское сосло́вие — the nobility; ( о среднем дворянстве) the gentry
духо́вное сосло́вие — the clergy, the clerical order
купе́ческое сосло́вие — the merchants pl
меща́нское сосло́вие — the petty bourgeoisie [,buəʒwɑː'ziː]
крестья́нское сосло́вие — the peasantry ['pez-]
тре́тье сосло́вие — the third estate
2) ист. ( профессиональная корпорация) orderсосло́вие реме́сленников — the craftsmen's order
3) шутл. (группа лиц, объединённая по частному признаку) community, class, raceжурнали́стское сосло́вие — the journalistic class
же́нское сосло́вие — womenfolk(s) pl
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17 Wang Zhen (Wang Chen)
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 14th century Chinad. 14th century China[br]Chinese writer on agricultural affairs and practice.[br]Wang Zhen was a native of Shandong Province and was employed as a Government official. He wrote the Wang Zhen Nung Shu c. 1313 as a text to be used by local officials in their instruction of the peasantry. The text was also used as a means of spreading information on potentially useful developments from one region to another.Curious inaccuracies in the text indicate that Wang Zhen's knowledge of agriculture was not firsthand, but rather that his texts are the distillation of information derived from interviews with farmers. In this the text differs from the other major Chinese texts, which are clearly the work of individuals with personal knowledge of the subject about which they were writing.[br]Further ReadingF.Bray, Vol. VI. 2 in J.Needham (ed.), Science and Civilisation in China (discusses her sources in an introductory chapter).AP -
18 помещик
1) General subject: country gentleman, landholder, landlord, landowner, squire, talukdar3) History: seigneur (в Канаде), farmer (As Konstantin Levin, the virtuous farmer of Anna Karenina, whom Tolstoy put perhaps most of himself into, finds, it was almost impossible to bridge the gap between the nobility and the peasantry.)4) Law: agricultural landlord, lord of manor5) Architecture: laird (в Шотландии), lord of the manor6) Scottish language: laird, laird (владелец наследственного имения)7) leg.N.P. landlord (one of the landed gentry), pomeshchik, pomestchik -
19 сословие
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20 на свою шею
прост.do smth. to one's own misfortune (cost, risk); bring smth. upon one's own head; pile up trouble on one's own head; cf. worse luck for smb.- Погляди, маманя, на борца за крестьянское дело. Родила дурака на свою шею. В других губерниях честь-честью землю пашут, а тут вас, дураков, усмиряй. Воины! (Н. Вирта, Одиночество) — 'Here, Mother, take a look at the champion of the peasantry! You brought the fool into the world, worse luck for you. In the other provinces they're busy ploughing the fields the way they should, while here, with you fools, no one has a chance to do anything but try and put an end to your riots. Oh, you warriors!'
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