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1 система обработки стоков
система обработки стоков
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sewage treatment system
Sewage treatment comes in two stages - primary and secondary treatment. The primary stage involves a process of screening solids from sewage, leaving a sludge and relatively clear water for further treatment or for disposal into rivers, the sea or on to the land. In the secondary stage the sludge is stirred constantly in vast tanks to get more oxygen into the mixture, allowing bacteria to break down the organic matter and leave a harmless residue that falls as a sediment to the bottom of the tank. After processing, the clear water on top of the tank is discharged into rivers and the sediment is used as landfill or discharged at sea. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > система обработки стоков
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2 псевдоожиженный слой
псевдоожиженный слой
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
fluidised bed
1) A system for burning solid carbonaceous fuel efficiently and at a relatively low temperature, thus minimizing the emission of pollutants. The fuel is crushed to very small particles or a powder and mixed with particles of an inert material. The mixture is fed into a bed through which air is pumped vertically upwards, agitating the particles so they behave like a fluid. The forced circulation of air and the small size and separation of fuel particles ensures efficient burning.
2) A bed of finely divided solid through which air or a gas is blown in a controlled manner so that it behaves as a liquid.
(Source: ALL / BRACK)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > псевдоожиженный слой
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3 уменьшение нефтяного загрязнения
уменьшение нефтяного загрязнения
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
oil pollution abatement
There are various systems for the abatement of oil pollution at sea: the "Load-on-top" system involves passing the washing from tank cleaning operations and residue from discharge of the original ballast water to an empty cargo tank nominated as the "slop" tank. Fresh oil cargo is loaded on top of the final residue left after further discharges of water, the resulting mixture being acceptable to refineries despite some additional cost in removing the salt and water. Under the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, all oil-carrying ships will be required to be capable of operating with this method of retention, or alternatively to discharge to reception facilities. Another method consists in spraying on the oil dispersives and/or blasting straw and sawdust, functioning as "blotting paper", onto water, beaches, rocks and docks. The Vikoma System for the containment of oil spills at sea, developed by British Petroleum, a seaboom of about 500 metres in length, is inflated and towed downwind of the oil slick and formed into a U-shape; under the influence of wind, the oil becomes trapped within the boom. Skimming equipment travels into the boom enclosure and the oil is pumped into containers. (Source: GILP)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > уменьшение нефтяного загрязнения
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4 производство цемента
производство цемента
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cement manufacture
Cement is produced by heating a mixture of clay or shale plus chalk or lime in a rotary kiln up to 250 m long per 8 m diameter rotating at 1 rpm. The process can be wet, semi-dry or dry and the fuel can be pulverized coal, oil or gas. As the coal ash is similar in composition to the clay or shale, it can stay in the cement clinker. As one of the kiln operator's major costs is fuel and even a modest sized kiln can consume 8-10 tons of coal per hour, the cement kiln could, therefore, solve a disposal problem and also benefit the cement manufacturer by reducing fuel costs. (Source: PORT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > производство цемента
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5 водная эрозия
водная эрозия
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water erosion
The breakdown of solid rock into smaller particles and its removal by water. As weathering, erosion is a natural geological process, but more rapid soil erosion results from poor land-use practices, leading to the loss of fertile topsoil and to the silting of dams, lakes, rivers and harbours. There are three classes of erosion by water. a) Splash erosion occurs when raindrops strike bare soil, causing it to splash, as mud, to flow into spaces in the soil and to turn the upper layer of soil into a structureless, compacted mass that dries with a hard, largely impermeable crust. b) Surface flow occurs when soil is removed with surface run-off during heavy rain. c) Channelized flow occurs when a flowing mixture of water and soil cuts a channel, which is then deepened by further scouring. A minor erosion channel is called a rill, a larger channel a gully. (Source: ALL)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водная эрозия
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6 табачный дым
табачный дым
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
tobacco smoke
The grey, brown, or blackish mixture of gases and suspended carbon particles resulting from the combustion of tobacco. Tobacco smoke is inhaled and distributes toxins widely throughout the body and causes an enormous variety of illness among users and among non-smokers exposed to tobacco smoke.
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > табачный дым
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7 добыча гравия
добыча гравия
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
gravel extraction
Obtaining a mixture of coarse sand and small water- worn or pounded stones, (used for paths and roads and as an aggregate) from the earth. (Source: GILP96a)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > добыча гравия
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8 крупный промышленный завод, работающий на основе сжигания топлива
крупный промышленный завод, работающий на основе сжигания топлива
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
large combustion plant
Any sizable building which relies on machinery that converts energy released from the rapid burning of a fuel-air mixture into mechanical energy. (Source: PMA)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > крупный промышленный завод, работающий на основе сжигания топлива
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9 ожижение угля
ожижение угля
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
coal liquefaction
The process of preparing a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons by destructive distillation of coal. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ожижение угля
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10 продукт для защиты растений
продукт для защиты растений
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
plant protection product
Any substance or mixture of substances which through physiological action protects the plants against parasites, fungi, virus, or other damaging factors. (Source: KORENa)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > продукт для защиты растений
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11 сжиженный газ
сжиженный газ
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
liquefied gas
A gaseous compound or mixture converted to the liquid phase by cooling or compression; examples are liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquid oxygen, and liquid ammonia. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > сжиженный газ
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12 токсичное вещество
токсичное вещество
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
toxic substance
A chemical or mixture that may present a risk or injury to health or the environment. (Source: LANDY)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > токсичное вещество
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