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1 the
[ðəˌ ðiː]def art1)the books/children are in the library — książki/dzieci są w bibliotece
2) ( in titles)3) ( in comparisons)the more he works the more he earns — im więcej pracuje, tym więcej zarabia
* * *[ðə, ði](The form [ðə] is used before words beginning with a consonant eg the house or consonant sound eg the union [ðə'ju:njən]; the form [ði] is used before words beginning with a vowel eg the apple or vowel sound eg the honour [ði 'onə]) ten1) (used to refer to a person, thing etc mentioned previously, described in a following phrase, or already known: Where is the book I put on the table?; Who was the man you were talking to?; My mug is the tall blue one; Switch the light off!)2) (used with a singular noun or an adjective to refer to all members of a group etc or to a general type of object, group of objects etc: The horse is running fast.; I spoke to him on the telephone; He plays the piano/violin very well.)3) (used to refer to unique objects etc, especially in titles and names: the Duke of Edinburgh; the Atlantic (Ocean).)4) (used after a preposition with words referring to a unit of quantity, time etc: In this job we are paid by the hour.)5) (used with superlative adjectives and adverbs to denote a person, thing etc which is or shows more of something than any other: He is the kindest man I know; We like him (the) best of all.)6) ((often with all) used with comparative adjectives to show that a person, thing etc is better, worse etc: He has had a week's holiday and looks (all) the better for it.)•- the...- the... -
2 who
n abbr= World Health Organization WHO nt inv, Światowa Organizacja f Zdrowia* * *[hu:] 1. pronoun((used as the subject of a verb) what person(s)(?): Who is that woman in the green hat?; Who did that?; Who won?; Do you know who all these people are?) kto2. relative pronoun1) ((used to refer to a person or people mentioned previously to distinguish him or them from others: used as the subject of a verb: usually replaceable by that) (the) one(s) that: The man who/that telephoned was a friend of yours; A doctor is a person who looks after people's health.) który2) (used, after a comma, to introduce a further comment on a person or people: His mother, who was so proud, gave him a hug.) który•- whoever3. pronoun1) (no matter who: Whoever rings, tell him/them I'm out.) ktokolwiek2) ((also who ever) used in questions to express surprise etc: Whoever said that?) któż•- whom4. relative pronoun(used as the object of a verb or preposition but in everyday speech sometimes replaced by who)1) ((used to refer to a person or people mentioned previously, to distinguish him or them from others: able to be omitted or replaced by that except when following a preposition) (the) one(s) that: The man (whom/that) you mentioned is here; Today I met some friends (whom/that) I hadn't seen for ages; This is the man to whom I gave it; This is the man (whom/who/that) I gave it to.) który2) (used, after a comma, to introduce a further comment on a person or people: His mother, who was so proud of him, gave him a hug.) którego itd.• -
3 that
[ðætˌ ðət] 1. adj( demonstrative) ten; (in contrast to ‘this’ or to indicate (greater) distance) tamtenthat man/woman/chair — ten mężczyzna/ta kobieta/to krzesło
2. pron, pl thosethat one over there — tamten, ten tam (inf)
1) ( demonstrative) to nt; (in contrast to ‘this’ or referring to something (more) distant) tamto ntwho's/what's that? — kto/co to (jest)?
2) ( relative) który; (after ‘all’, ‘anything’ etc) cothe man (that) I saw — człowiek, którego widziałem
the people (that) I spoke to — ludzie, z którymi rozmawiałem
all (that) I have — wszystko, co mam
3. conjthe day (that) he came — tego dnia, kiedy or gdy przyszedł
że, iż (fml)he thought that I was ill — myślał, że jestem chory
4. advshe suggested that I phone you — poradziła mi, żebym do ciebie zadzwonił
(+adjective) (aż) tak or taki; (+adverb) (aż) takI didn't realize it was that bad — nie zdawałam sobie sprawy, że jest (aż) tak źle
* * *1. [ðæt] plural - those; adjective(used to indicate a person, thing etc spoken of before, not close to the speaker, already known to the speaker and listener etc: Don't take this book - take that one; At that time, I was living in Italy; When are you going to return those books?) tamten2. pronoun(used to indicate a thing etc, or (in plural or with the verb be) person or people, spoken of before, not close to the speaker, already known to the speaker and listener etc: What is that you've got in your hand?; Who is that?; That is the Prime Minister; Those present at the concert included the composer and his wife.) to, tamto3. [ðət, ðæt] relative pronoun(used to refer to a person, thing etc mentioned in a preceding clause in order to distinguish it from others: Where is the parcel that arrived this morning?; Who is the man (that) you were talking to?) który4. [ðət, ðæt] conjunction1) ((often omitted) used to report what has been said etc or to introduce other clauses giving facts, reasons, results etc: I know (that) you didn't do it; I was surprised (that) he had gone.) że2) (used to introduce expressions of sorrow, wishes etc: That I should be accused of murder!; Oh, that I were with her now!) że(by)5. adverb(so; to such an extent: I didn't realize she was that ill.) aż tak- that's that -
4 put
[put]pt, pp put, vtthing kłaść (położyć perf); person (in room, institution) umieszczać (umieścić perf); (in position, situation) stawiać (postawić perf); idea, view, case przedstawiać (przedstawić perf); question stawiać (postawić perf); (in class, category) zaliczać (zaliczyć perf); word, sentence zapisywać (zapisać perf)to put sb in a good/bad mood — wprawiać (wprawić perf) kogoś w dobry/zły nastrój
to put sb to bed — kłaść (położyć perf) kogoś do łóżka
to put sb to a lot of trouble — sprawiać (sprawić perf) komuś wiele kłopotu
to put a lot of time into sth — poświęcać (poświęcić perf) czemuś wiele czasu
I put it to you that … ( BRIT) — mówię ci, że…
Phrasal Verbs:- put away- put back- put by- put down- put in- put off- put on- put onto- put out- put up- put upon* * *[put]present participle - putting; verb1) (to place in a certain position or situation: He put the plate in the cupboard; Did you put any sugar in my coffee?; He put his arm round her; I'm putting a new lock on the door; You're putting too much strain on that rope; When did the Russians first put a man into space?; You've put me in a bad temper; Can you put (=translate) this sentence into French?) położyć, włożyć, przyłożyć, wprawić, przekładać2) (to submit or present (a proposal, question etc): I put several questions to him; She put her ideas before the committee.) przedstawić3) (to express in words: He put his refusal very politely; Children sometimes have such a funny way of putting things!) wyrazić4) (to write down: I'm trying to write a letter to her, but I don't know what to put.) zapisać5) (to sail in a particular direction: We put out to sea; The ship put into harbour for repairs.) płynąć•- put-on- a put-up job
- put about
- put across/over
- put aside
- put away
- put back
- put by
- put down
- put down for
- put one's feet up
- put forth
- put in
- put in for
- put off
- put on
- put out
- put through
- put together
- put up
- put up to
- put up with -
5 whom
[huːm]pron1) ( interrogative)2) ( relative)the man whom I saw — człowiek, którego widziałem
the lady with whom I was talking — pani, z którą rozmawiałem
some people whom we didn't know — jacyś ludzie, których nie znaliśmy
* * *[hu:m]pronoun ((used as the object of a verb or preposition, but in everyday speech sometimes replaced by who) what person(s)(?): Whom/who do you want to see?; Whom/who did you give it to?; To whom shall I speak?) kogo, komu -
6 whose
[huːz] 1. adj1) ( interrogative) czyjwhose book is this?, whose is this book? — czyja to książka?, czyja jest ta książka?
2) ( relative)the girl whose sister you were speaking to — dziewczyna, z której siostrą rozmawiałeś
2. pronthe gardener whose name was Dave — ogrodnik, który miał na imię Dave
czyj m /czyja f /czyje ntI know whose it is — wiem, czyje to jest
* * *[hu:z] 1. adjective, pronoun(belonging to which person(?): Whose is this jacket?; Whose (jacket) is this?; Whose car did you come back in?; In whose house did this incident happen?; Tell me whose (pens) these are.) czyj2. relative adjective, relative pronoun(of whom or which (the): Show me the boy whose father is a policeman; What is the name of the man whose this book is?) którego -
7 guy
[gaɪ]n ( inf)( man) gość m (inf), facet m (inf); (also: guyrope) naciąg m (namiotu); (also: Guy Fawkes) kukła Guya Fawkesa, palona 5. listopada na pamiątkę nieudanej próby podpalenia Parlamentu* * *1) (a man: I don't know the guy you're talking about.) facet2) ((also guy-rope) a rope which keeps a tent etc steady.) linka -
8 back
[bæk] 1. n( of person) plecy pl; of animal grzbiet m; (of house, car, shirt) tył m; ( of hand) wierzch m; ( of chair) oparcie nt; (FOOTBALL) obrońca m2. vtcandidate popierać (poprzeć perf); ( financially) sponsorować; horse obstawiać (obstawić perf); car cofać (cofnąć perf)Phrasal Verbs:- back out- back up3. vi 4. cpd 5. advback to front — wear tył(em) na przód; know na wylot
to break the back of a job ( BRIT) — wychodzić (wyjść perf) na prostą
to take a back seat ( fig) — usuwać się (usunąć się perf) na drugi plan
* * *[bæk] 1. noun1) (in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine: She lay on her back.) plecy2) (in animals, the upper part of the body: She put the saddle on the horse's back.) grzbiet3) (that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front: the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall.) tył4) (in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards.) pomocnik2. adjective(of or at the back: the back door.) tylny3. adverb1) (to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came: I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner.) z powrotem2) (away (from something); not near (something): Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you!) daleko, dalej3) (towards the back (of something): Sit back in your chair.) do tyłu4) (in return; in response to: When the teacher is scolding you, don't answer back.) w odpowiedzi, z powrotem5) (to, or in, the past: Think back to your childhood.) w przeszłość4. verb1) (to (cause to) move backwards: He backed (his car) out of the garage.) cofać2) (to help or support: Will you back me against the others?) popierać3) (to bet or gamble on: I backed your horse to win.) stawiać na•- backer- backbite
- backbiting
- backbone
- backbreaking
- backdate
- backfire
- background
- backhand 5. adverb(using backhand: She played the stroke backhand; She writes backhand.) bekhendem, pochyło, pochyłym pismem- backlog- back-number
- backpack
- backpacking: go backpacking
- backpacker
- backside
- backslash
- backstroke
- backup
- backwash
- backwater
- backyard
- back down
- back of
- back on to
- back out
- back up
- have one's back to the wall
- put someone's back up
- take a back seat -
9 understand
[ʌndə'stænd]I understand (that) … — rozumiem, że …
to make o.s. understood — porozumieć się ( perf) ( nie znając dobrze języka), dogadać się ( perf) (inf)
* * *1. past tense, past participle - understood; verb1) (to see or know the meaning of (something): I can't understand his absence; Speak slowly to foreigners so that they'll understand you.) zrozumieć2) (to know (eg a person) thoroughly: She understands children/dogs.) znać się (na)3) (to learn or realize (something), eg from information received: At first I didn't understand how ill she was; I understood that you were planning to leave today.) zorientować się•- understanding 2. noun1) (the power of thinking clearly: a man of great understanding.) rozum2) (the ability to sympathize with another person's feelings: His kindness and understanding were a great comfort to her.) zrozumienie3) (a (state of) informal agreement: The two men have come to / reached an understanding after their disagreement.) porozumienie•- make oneself understood- make understood -
10 wrong
[rɔŋ] 1. adj 2. advźle, błędnie3. n 4. vthe was wrong (in saying …) — nie miał racji or mylił się (, mówiąc …)
you were wrong to speak to the newspapers — źle zrobiłeś, rozmawiając z dziennikarzami
it's wrong to steal, stealing is wrong — kradzież jest złem
you are wrong about that, you've got it wrong — mylisz się co do tego
to go wrong — person mylić się (pomylić się perf); machine, relationship psuć się (popsuć się perf)
* * *[roŋ] 1. adjective1) (having an error or mistake(s); incorrect: The child gave the wrong answer; We went in the wrong direction.) błędny, niewłaściwy2) (incorrect in one's answer(s), opinion(s) etc; mistaken: I thought Singapore was south of the Equator, but I was quite wrong.) w błędzie3) (not good, not morally correct etc: It is wrong to steal.) zły, godny potępienia4) (not suitable: He's the wrong man for the job.) nieodpowiedni5) (not right; not normal: There's something wrong with this engine; What's wrong with that child - why is she crying?) nie w porządku2. adverb(incorrectly: I think I may have spelt her name wrong.) źle, niepoprawnie3. noun(that which is not morally correct: He does not know right from wrong.) zło, krzywda4. verb(to insult or hurt unjustly: You wrong me by suggesting that I'm lying.) (s)krzywdzić- wrongful- wrongfully
- wrongfulness
- wrongly
- wrongdoer
- wrongdoing
- do someone wrong
- do wrong
- do wrong
- go wrong
- in the wrong
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