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1 surround
[sə'raund]vt* * *1) (to be, or come, all round: Britain is surrounded by sea; Enemy troops surrounded the town; Mystery surrounds his death.) otoczyć, oblegać2) (to enclose: He surrounded the castle with a high wall.) ogrodzić•- surroundings -
2 aura
['ɔːrə]n ( fig)* * *['o:rə](a particular feeling or atmosphere: An aura of mystery surrounded her.) atmosfera, aura -
3 by
[baɪ] 1. prep1) (referring to cause, agent) przez +acc2) (referring to method, manner, means)to pay by cheque — płacić (zapłacić perf) czekiem
3) (via, through) przez +acc4) ( close to)5) ( past) obok +gen, koło +gen6) ( not later than) do +genby the time I got here it was too late — zanim tu dotarłem, było już za późno
7) ( amount)by the kilo/metre — na kilogramy/metry
8) ( MATH) przez +accto divide by 3 — dzielić (podzielić perf) przez 3
9) ( measure)10) ( according to) według +gen11)12)by the way — nawiasem mówiąc, à propos
this wasn't my idea by the way — nawiasem mówiąc, to nie był mój pomysł
2. advby the way, did you know Claire was back? — à propos, czy wiesz, że Claire wróciła?
2)by and by — wkrótce, niebawem
3)by and large I would agree with you — ogólnie (rzecz) biorąc, zgodziłbym się z tobą
* * *1. preposition1) (next to; near; at the side of: by the door; He sat by his sister.) obok, przy2) (past: going by the house.) obok3) (through; along; across: We came by the main road.) przez4) (used (in the passive voice) to show the person or thing which performs an action: struck by a stone.) przez5) (using: He's going to contact us by letter; We travelled by train.) przy pomocy, przez6) (from; through the means of: I met her by chance; by post.) przez7) ((of time) not later than: by 6 o'clock.) do, przed (jakimś momentem)8) (during the time of.) za9) (to the extent of: taller by ten centimetres.) o10) (used to give measurements etc: 4 metres by 2 metres.) na11) (in quantities of: fruit sold by the kilo.) na12) (in respect of: a teacher by profession.) przez, z2. adverb1) (near: They stood by and watched.) blisko2) (past: A dog ran by.) obok, niedaleko3) (aside; away: money put by for an emergency.) na bok•- bypass 3. verb(to avoid (a place) by taking such a road.) objeżdżać- bystander
- by and by
- by and large
- by oneself
- by the way -
4 circle
['səːkl] 1. n( curved line) okrąg m; ( area enclosed by curved line) koło nt; ( smaller) kółko nt; ( of friends) krąg m; (in cinema, theatre) balkon m2. vikrążyć, zataczać koła (zatoczyć perf koło)3. vt* * *['sə:kl] 1. noun1) (a figure (O) bounded by one line, every point on which is equally distant from the centre.) koło2) (something in the form of a circle: She was surrounded by a circle of admirers.) krąg3) (a group of people: a circle of close friends; wealthy circles.) krąg4) (a balcony in a theatre etc: We sat in the circle at the opera.) balkon2. verb1) (to move in a circle round something: The chickens circled round the farmer who was bringing their food.) otoczyć kołem2) (to draw a circle round: Please circle the word you think is wrong.) zakreślać -
5 court
[kɔːt] 1. n( royal) dwór m; ( JUR) sąd m; ( for tennis etc) kort m2. vtwoman zalecać się do +gen; ( fig) favour, popularity zabiegać o +acc; death, disaster igrać z +instrout of court ( JUR) — polubownie
to take sb to court ( JUR) — podawać (podać perf) kogoś do sądu
* * *[ko:t] 1. noun1) (a place where legal cases are heard: a magistrates' court; the High Court.) sąd2) (the judges and officials of a legal court: The accused is to appear before the court on Friday.) sąd3) (a marked-out space for certain games: a tennis-court; a squash court.) kort4) (the officials, councillors etc of a king or queen: the court of King James.) dwór5) (the palace of a king or queen: Hampton Court.) dwór6) (an open space surrounded by houses or by the parts of one house.) dziedziniec2. verb1) (to try to win the love of; to woo.) zalecać się do2) (to try to gain (admiration etc).) zabiegać o3) (to seem to be deliberately risking (disaster etc).) igrać z•- courtier- courtly
- courtliness
- courtship
- courthouse
- court-martial
- courtyard -
6 courtyard
['kɔːtjɑːd]n* * *noun (a court or enclosed ground beside, or surrounded by, a building: the courtyard of the castle.) dziedziniec -
7 enclosure
[ɪn'kləuʒə(r)]n* * *[-ʒə]1) (the act of enclosing.) ogrodzenie2) (land surrounded by a fence or wall: He keeps a donkey in that enclosure.) zagroda3) (something put in along with a letter: I received your enclosure with gratitude.) załącznik -
8 farmyard
['fɑːmjɑːd]npodwórze nt* * *noun (the open area surrounded by the farm buildings: There were several hens loose in the farmyard; ( also adjective) farmyard animals.) podwórze, dziedziniec w gospodarstwie -
9 fence
[fɛns] 1. npłot m2. vt(also: fence in) ogradzać (ogrodzić perf)3. vi (SPORT)to sit on the fence ( fig) — zachowywać (zachować perf) neutralność
* * *I 1. [fens] noun(a line of wooden or metal posts joined by wood, wire etc to stop people, animals etc moving on to or off a piece of land: The garden was surrounded by a wooden fence.) płot2. verb(to enclose (an area of land) with a fence eg to prevent people, animals etc from getting in: We fenced off the field.) ogrodzić- fencingII [fens] verb1) (to fight with (blunted) swords as a sport.) uprawiać szermierkę2) (to avoid answering questions: He fenced with me for half an hour before I got the truth.) wykręcać się•- fencing -
10 field
[fiːld]the field — ( competitors) stawka
to lead the field (SPORT) — prowadzić stawkę; ( fig) przodować
* * *[fi:ld] 1. noun1) (a piece of land enclosed for growing crops, keeping animals etc: Our house is surrounded by fields.) pole2) (a wide area: playing fields (= an area for games, sports etc).) boisko3) (a piece of land etc where minerals or other natural resources are found: an oil-field; a coalfield.) zagłębie, pole4) (an area of knowledge, interest, study etc: in the fields of literature/economic development; her main fields of interest.) dziedzina5) (an area affected, covered or included by something: a magnetic field; in his field of vision.) pole6) (an area of battle: the field of Waterloo; ( also adjective) a field-gun.) pole bitwy2. verb((in cricket, basketball etc) to catch (the ball) and return it.) zatrzymać i odrzucić piłkę- fieldwork -
11 fold
[fəuld] 1. n 2. vt( clothes) składać (złożyć perf); ( paper) składać (złożyć perf), zaginać (zagiąć perf); one's arms krzyżować (skrzyżować perf)3. vibusiness, organization upadać (upaść perf)Phrasal Verbs:- fold up* * *I 1. [fould] verb1) (to double over (material, paper etc): She folded the paper in half.) złożyć2) (to lay one on top of another: She folded her hands in her lap.) składać3) (to bring in (wings) close to the body: The bird folded its wings.) składać2. noun1) (a doubling of one layer of material, paper etc over another: Her dress hung in folds.) fałda2) (a mark made especially on paper etc by doing this; a crease: There was a fold in the page.) zagięcie•- folded- folder
- folding II [fould] noun(a place surrounded by a fence or wall, in which sheep are kept: a sheep fold.) okólnik -
12 fortification
[fɔːtɪfɪ'keɪʃən]n* * *[-fi-]1) (walls etc built to strengthen an army, city, nation etc against attack: Fortifications surrounded the city.) fortyfikacja2) (the act of fortifying.) fortyfikowanie -
13 island
['aɪlənd]nwyspa f; (also: traffic island) wysepka f* * *1) (a piece of land surrounded by water: The island lay a mile off the coast.) wyspa2) ((also traffic island) a traffic-free area, built in the middle of a street, for pedestrians to stand on.) wysepka•- islander -
14 lake
[leɪk]njezioro nt* * *[leik](a large area of water surrounded by land: They go swimming in / sailing on the lake; Lake Michigan.) jezioro -
15 maze
[meɪz]nlabirynt m* * *[meiz](a deliberately confusing series of paths, often surrounded by walls or hedges, from which it's difficult to find the way out: I'm lost in a maze of rules and regulations.) labirynt -
16 mystery
['mɪstərɪ] 1. n( puzzle) tajemnica f; ( strangeness) tajemniczość f2. cpd* * *['mistəri]plural - mysteries; noun1) (something that cannot be, or has not been, explained: the mystery of how the universe was formed; the mystery of his disappearance; How she passed her exam is a mystery to me.) tajemnica2) (the quality of being impossible to explain, understand etc: Her death was surrounded by mystery.) tajemnica•- mysteriously -
17 panelled
adjective (made of or surrounded with panels (usually of wood): a panelled door; oak-panelled.) wykładany boazerią -
18 peninsula
[pə'nɪnsjulə]npółwysep m* * *[pə'ninsjulə](a piece of land that is almost surrounded by water: the Malay peninsula.) półwysep -
19 pillar
['pɪlə(r)]filar m* * *['pilə](an upright post used in building as a support or decoration: The hall was surrounded by stone pillars.) kolumna -
20 quadrangle
['kwɔdræŋgl]n( courtyard) czworokątny dziedziniec m* * *['kwodræŋɡl](( abbreviation quad [kwod]) a four-sided open space surrounded by buildings, especially in a school, college etc.) dziedziniec
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