surface+mining

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• Surface mining — is a type of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit are removed. It is the opposite of underground mining, in which the overlying rock is left in place, and the mineral removed through shafts or tunnels. Surface mining is… …   Wikipedia

• surface mining — surface mining, mining carried on close to the surface of the earth; shallow mining …   Useful english dictionary

• surface mining —       method of extracting minerals near the surface of the Earth. The three most common types of surface mining are open pit mining, strip mining, and quarrying (quarry). See also mining and coal mining. * * * …   Universalium

• Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 — The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) is the primary federal law that regulates the environmental effects of coal mining in the United States.SMCRA created two programs: one for regulating active coal mines and a second… …   Wikipedia

• Surface mining methods —   Auger mining recovers coal through the use of a large diameter drill driven into a coalbed in the side of a surface mine pit. It usually follows contour surface mining, particularly when the overburden is too costly to excavate.   Area mining… …   Energy terms

• Surface mining equipment —   An Auger machine is a large, horizontal drill, generally 3 feet or more in diameter and up to about 100 feet long. It can remove coal at a rate of more than 25 tons per minute.   A bucket wheel excavator is a continuous digging machine equipped …   Energy terms

• Office of Surface Mining — Reclamation and Enforcement Seal Agency overview Headquarters 1951 Constitution Avenue …   Wikipedia

• Mining engineering — Surface coal mine with haul truck in foreground Mining engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the practice, the theory, the science, the technology, and application of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring… …   Wikipedia

• mining — /muy ning/, n. 1. the act, process, or industry of extracting ores, coal, etc., from mines. 2. the laying of explosive mines. [1250 1300; ME: undermining (walls in an attack); see MINE2, ING1] * * * I Excavation of materials from the Earth s… …   Universalium

• Mining — This article is about the extraction of geological materials from the Earth. For the municipality in Austria, see Mining, Austria. For the siege tactic, see Mining (military). For name of the Chinese emperor, see Daoguang Emperor. Simplified… …   Wikipedia

• Mining archaeology in British Isles — Mining Archaeology is a specific field well developed in the British Isles during recent decades. A reason of ongoing interest in this field is the particular bond between regional history and the exploitation of metals. References to mines in… …   Wikipedia