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1 Meereskreislauf
циркуляция морской воды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sea circulation
Large-scale horizontal water motion within an ocean. The way energy from the sun, stored in the sea, is transported around the world. The currents explain, for example, why the UK has ice-free ports in winter, while St. Petersburg, at the same latitude as the Shetland Islands, needs ice breakers. Evidence is growing that the world's ocean circulation was very different during the last ice age and has changed several times in the distant past, with dramatic effects on climate. The oceans are vital as storehouses, as they absorb more than half the sun's heat reaching the earth. This heat, which is primarily absorbed near the equator is carried around the world and released elsewhere, creating currents which last up to 1.000 years. As the Earth rotates and the wind acts upon the surface, currents carry warm tropical water to the cooler parts of the world. The strength and direction of the currents are affected by landmasses, bottlenecks through narrow straits, and even the shape of the sea-bed. When the warm water reaches polar regions its heat evaporates into the atmosphere, reducing its temperature and increasing its density. When sea-water freezes it leaves salt behind in the unfrozen water and this cold water sinks into the ocean and begins to flow back to the tropics. Eventually it is heated and begins the cycle all over again. (Source: MGH / WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Meereskreislauf
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2 Luftbewegung
движение воздуха
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
air movement
Air movements within the Earth's atmospheric circulation; also called planetary winds. Two main components are recognized: first, the latitudinal meridional component due to the Coriolis force (a deflecting motion or force discussed by G.G. de Coriolis in 1835. The rotation of the Earth causes a body moving across its surface to be deflected to the right in the N hemisphere and to the left in the S hemisphere); and secondly, the longitudinal component and the vertical movement, resulting largely from varying pressure distributions due to differential heating and cooling of the Earth's surface. (Source: WHIT)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Luftbewegung
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3 Klima
климат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climate
The average weather condition in a region of the world. Many aspects of the Earth's geography affect the climate. Equatorial, or low, latitudes are hotter than the polar latitudes because of the angle at which the rays of sunlight arrive at the Earth's surface. The difference in temperature at the equator and at the poles has an influence on the global circulation of huge masses of air. Cool air at the poles sinks and spreads along the surface of the Earth towards the equator. Cool air forces its way under the lower density warmer air in the lower regions, pushing the lighter air up and toward the poles, where it will cool and descend. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Klima
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4 Zirkulation
циркуляция водных слоев
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
overturn (limnology)
The circulation, especially in the fall and spring, of the layers of water in a lake or sea, whereby surface water sinks and mixes with bottom water; it is caused by changes in density differences due to changes in temperature, and is especially common wherever lakes are icebound in winter. (Source: BJGEO)
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Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Zirkulation
См. также в других словарях:
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Surface pressure — is the atmospheric pressure at a point of Earth s surface. It is directly proportional to the mass of air over that point.For numerical reasons, atmospheric models such as general circulation models (GCMs) usually predict the nondimensional… … Wikipedia
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Circulation atmosphérique — Vue idéalisée des trois cellules ou zones de circulation atmosphérique La circulation atmosphérique est le mouvement à l échelle planétaire de la couche d air entourant la Terre qui redistribue la chaleur provenant du Soleil en conjonction avec… … Wikipédia en Français
