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suprema+judicia

Толкование Перевод

1 suprema

sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:
super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:
totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].
I.
Posit.
A.
Adj.
1.
In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:
at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:
omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:
ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:
limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:
portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):
carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:
di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:
spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:
omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:
supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):
lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:
domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;
so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:
de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,
ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —
2.
In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):
supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:
superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:
superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:
aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:
orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:
limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—
B.
Substt.
1.
Sŭpĕri, orum, m.
(α).
They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:
multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:
(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:
ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:
epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—
(β).
(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:
quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:
aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:
o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;
pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:
terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:
illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:
exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,
Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:
postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:
scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:
te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—
2.
sŭpĕra, orum, n.
(α).
The heavenly bodies:
Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:
cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—
(β).
Higher places (sc. loca):
supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:
(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.
II.
Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.
A.
Lit., of place, higher, upper:
inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:
dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:
in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:
tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:
superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:
de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:
agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;
and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,
ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:
loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;
3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:
qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:
ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:
posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:
superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:
quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:
superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:
superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:
tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:
tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:
annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:
anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:
superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:
in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:
testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:
superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:
superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:
superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:
nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:
vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—
b.
Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:
omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:
aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:
superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:
Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:
quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—
2.
Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:
Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:
numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:
hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:
se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:
semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:
si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:
ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:
multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:
superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—
3.
Of quality, condition, number, etc., higher, more distinguished, greater, superior.
(α).
With abl. respect.:
pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:
loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:
habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:
facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—
(β).
Absol.:
ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:
ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:
premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:
cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.
III.
Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.
A.
‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—
B.
sū̆prēmus, a, um, highest, loftiest, topmost.
1.
Lit. (only poet.; cf.
summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,
montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:
rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:
arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:
supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, extreme, final, = ultimus (class.).
(α).
In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;
sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:
quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:
jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:
quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—
(β).
In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:
supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:
dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:
hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:
tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:
incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:
mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:
finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:
iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:
lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,
ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:
haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:
Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;
supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:
suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:
spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:
funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:
oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:
tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:
ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:
ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:
officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,
tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:
tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:
Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:
dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:
animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:
anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.
1.
sŭprēmum, i, n., the last moment, end (very rare):
ventum ad supremum est,
Verg. A. 12, 803.—
2.
suprēma, orum, n.
(α).
The last moments, the close of life, death:
ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:
statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:
circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—
(β).
The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:
supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:
suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—
(γ).
A last will, testament:
nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:
miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—
(δ).
The relics, remains of a burned corpse, the ashes, = reliquiae, Amm. 25, 9, 12; Sol. 1 med. —
b.
Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:
multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:
macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:
Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:
med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—
C.
summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).
1.
Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):
summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):
summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:
summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:
feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:
locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:
in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:
quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:
ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:
in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:
apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:
per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:
summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:
mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:
prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:
summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:
amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:
summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:
summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:
standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,
a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—
b.
summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:
ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:
qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:
leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:
igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:
puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:
nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:
summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—
2.
Transf., of the voice:
jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:
citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:
vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:
summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:
summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:
exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:
bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:
triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):
haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,
venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:
ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:
cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:
in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:
summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:
eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;
quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:
nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —
b.
Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):
summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:
spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:
fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:
qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:
non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:
tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:
quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:
turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:
summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:
scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:
hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:
cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:
summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:
summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:
optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:
summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:
ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:
miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:
amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:
nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:
summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:
summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:
in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:
summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,
res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:
ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:
quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:
non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;
ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:
quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:
cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:
contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:
diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:
admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:
summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:
officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:
summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:
summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:
summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:
mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > suprema
2 supremus

suprēmus, a, um [superl. к superus, наряду с summus ]

1) высший, высочайший, всевышний (Juppiter Pl, H); верхний

supremi montes Lcr, V — вершины гор

2) крайний, последний (nox V; verba T)

suprema spes Lcn — последняя надежда

supremo sole H — на закате

supremum certamen L — последнее (решающее) сражение

dicere suprema voce O — сказать на прощание

supremam manum imponere alicui rei O — завершить что-л.

supremis suis annis PM — на склоне жизни

3) последний (предсмертный) ( oscula O); смертный, погребальный ( funera O)

s. dies C и supremum tempus H — день смерти или погребения

supremi tori O — смертный одр

supremum ferrum QC — смертоносное оружие

suprema sors V — гибель

supremum diem obire Nep — скончаться

ore supremo vocare O — звать умирающими устами

suprema judicia Q — предсмертная (последняя) воля, завещание

supremi ignes O — погребальный костёр

s. honor V (или suprema officia T, suprema cura Su, PM) — погребальные почести

supremi tituli PJ — надгробная надпись

4) чрезвычайный, крайний ( macies V); жесточайший ( supplicium C)

Латинско-русский словарь > supremus
3 воля

voluntas [atis, f]; cerebellum [i, n]; animus [i, m]; arbitrium [ii, n]; numen, inis, n; nutus [us, m]; sententia [ae, f]; libitum [i, n]; libertas [atis, f] (свобода)

• без моего ведома и против моей воли me imprudente et invito

• волей-неволей velim-nolim; veils-nolis; velit-nolit; volens-nolens

• воля есть разумное желание чего-л. voluntas est, quae quid cum ratione desiderat

• исполнить чью-л. волю stare voluntati alicujus

• по воле богов богов dis volentibus

• по своей воле voluntate

• подчинить себе чью-л. волю cerebellum alicujus cepisse

• подчиняться, уступать чьей-л. воле voluntati alicujus morem gerere, assentire, cedere

• последняя воля ultima [suprema] voluntas (mortui); suprema judicia

• против воли invitus

• сообразоваться с чьей-л. волей conformare se ad voluntatem alicujus

Большой русско-латинский словарь Поляшева > воля
4 consulo

consŭlo, lŭi, ltum, 3, v. n. and a. [from con and root sal-; cf. consul and consilium].
I.
To consider, reflect, deliberate, take counsel, reflect upon, consult.
A.
Neutr.
1.
In gen.
(α).
Absol.: quid nunc? etiam consulis? do you still deliberate, i. e. hesitate? Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 171; cf. id. Truc. 2, 4, 75 Speng.: ne quid in consulendo adversi eveniat, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14:
consulto opus est,
there is need of deliberation, Sall. C. 1, 6:
dum tempus consulendi est,
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 19:
satis facere consulentibus,
Cic. Or. 42, 143:
ut omnium rerum vobis ad consulendum potestas esset,
Liv. 8, 13, 18:
ut tot uno tempore motibus animi turbati trepidarent magis quam consulerent,
id. 21, 16, 2:
praesidium consulenti curiae,
Hor. C. 2, 1, 14 et saep.—
(β).
With in and acc.:
consulere in longitudinem,
to take thought for the future, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 10:
in commune,
for the common good, id. And. 3, 3, 16; Liv. 32, 21, 1; Tac. A. 12, 5; id. Agr. 12; Curt. 5, 9, 14;
and in the same sense: in medium,
Verg. A. 11, 335; Liv. 24, 22, 15; Tac. H. 2, 5; Luc. 5, 46:
in unum,
Tac. H. 1, 68; 4, 70:
in publicum (opp. suscipere proprias simultates),
Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 21; Tac. A. 1, 24.—
(γ).
With de and abl.:
bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; so,
de communibus negotiis,
id. J. 105, 1:
de salute suorum,
Cic. Sull. 22, 63:
omnibus de rebus,
Tac. A. 4, 40.—
(δ).
With ut or ne:
consulere vivi ac prospicere debemus, ut illorum (liberorum) solitudo munita sit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 153:
tu ne qua manus se attollere nobis A tergo possit, custodi et consule longe,
Verg. A. 9, 322.— Impers.:
ut urbi... satis esset praesidii, consultum atque provisum est,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 26:
ne deficerent, consulendum esse,
Cels. 3, 4, 31.—
2.
Esp., consulere alicui or alicui rei, to take care for some person or thing, to be mindful of, take care of, look to, have regard for, to counsel or consult for:
tuae rei bene consulere cupio,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 9:
quid me fiat, parvi pendis, dum illi consulas,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 37:
qui parti civium consulunt, partem neglegunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85: consulere eorum commodis et utilitati salutique [p. 442] servire, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, § 27; so,
famae, pudicitiae tuae,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 3:
dignitati meae,
id. Fam. 11, 29, 1:
suae vitae,
Caes. B. G. 7, 12:
receptui sibi,
id. B. C. 3, 69:
reipublicae juxta ac sibi,
Sall. C. 37, 8; id. J. 58, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 1:
timori magis quam religioni,
Caes. B. C. 1, 67; cf.:
magis irae quam famae,
Sall. C. 51, 7:
qui mi consultum optime velit esse,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 1: mi ires consultum male? to counsel evil or badly, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 36; so,
male patriae,
Nep. Epam. 10, 1; id. Phoc. 2, 2.—With si:
melius consulet (sibi), si, etc.,
Cels. 1, 3, 55.—
B.
Act.
1.
Consulere aliquem (or aliquid), to consult with one, to ask his opinion or advice, to ask counsel of, to consult, question (for the sake of advice).
a.
In gen.:
cum te consuluissem, quid mihi faciendum esse censeres,
Cic. Fam. 11, 29, 1:
te, qui philosophum audis,
id. ib. 9, 26, 1:
Apellem tragoedum, uter, etc.,
Suet. Calig. 33 al. —Of inanim. objects:
speculum suum,
Ov. A. A. 3, 136; cf.:
spectatas undas, quid se deceat,
id. M. 4, 312:
nares, an olerent aera Corinthōn,
Mart. 9, 60, 11:
diem de gemmis, etc.,
Ov. A. A. 1, 251 sq.:
animum nostrum,
Quint. 4, 2, 52:
aures meas,
id. 9, 4, 93:
suas vires,
id. 10, 2, 18 al. —With two accs.:
ibo et consulam hanc rem amicos, quid faciundum censeant,
Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 26:
nec te id consulo,
Cic. Att. 7, 20, 2:
consulere prudentiorem coepi aetates tabularum,
Petr. 88.—Freq.,
b.
Esp. as t. t.
(α).
In the lang. of religion, to consult a deity, an oracle, omens, etc.:
Apollinem de re,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
deum consuluit auguriis, quae suscipienda essent,
Liv. 1, 20, 7:
deos hominum fibris,
Tac. A. 14, 30 fin.:
Phoebi oracula,
Ov. M. 3, 9; Suet. Vesp. 5:
Tiresiam conjectorem,
Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 76:
haruspicem,
Cic. Div. 2, 4, 11; Suet. Tib. 63; Cato, R. R. 5, 4:
vates nunc extis, nunc per aves,
Liv. 2, 42, 10:
Cumaeam anum,
Ov. F. 4, 158:
avem primum visam augur,
id. ib. 1, 180:
spirantia exta,
Verg. A. 4, 64; so,
trepidantia exta,
Ov. M. 15, 576:
sacras sortes,
id. ib. 11, 412:
Etrusci haruspices male consulentes,
Gell. 4, 5, 5.— Pass. impers.:
si publice consuletur... sin privatim,
Tac. G. 10. —With dependent question:
senatus pontificum collegium consuli jussit, num omne id aurum in ludos consumi necessum esset,
Liv. 39, 5, 9:
consulti per ludibrium pontifices, an concepto necdum edito partu rite nuberet,
Tac. A. 1, 10.—
(β).
In judic. lang., to ask advice of a lawyer, to consult, etc.:
quam inanes domus eorum omnium, qui de jure civili consuli solent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120:
consuli quidem te a Caesare scribis: sed ego tibi ab illo consuli mallem,
id. Fam. 7, 11, 2:
si jus consuleres, peritissimus,
Liv. 39, 40, 6:
munus hoc eorum qui consuluntur,
i. e. who are skilled in the law, Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14; so id. Quint. 16, 53.—
With dependent question: consulens eum, an seni jam testato suaderet ordinare suprema judicia,
Quint. 6, 3, 92.—The formula usual in asking advice was, licet consulere? Cic. Mur. 13, 28; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 192.—
(γ).
In publicists' lang., to take counsel with the competent authorities, to consult:
Quirites, utrum, etc.,
Liv. 31, 7, 2; so,
senatum,
Sall. J. 28, 2:
senatum de foedere,
id. ib. 39, 2;
62, 10: populum de ejus morte,
Cic. Mil. 7, 16:
plebem in omnia (tribuni),
Liv. 6, 39, 2 al. —
2.
Aliquid.
a.
To take counsel or deliberate upon something, to consider:
est consulere quiddam quod tecum volo,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 53; id. Pers. 5, 2, 63:
rem delatam consulere ordine non licuit,
Liv. 2, 28, 2; so,
consulere et explorare rem,
Cic. Att. 2, 16, 4:
consulis rem nulli obscuram,
Verg. A. 11, 344 al.:
bis repulsi Galli quid agant consulunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 83.—
b.
To advise something, to give advice:
tun' consulis quicquam?
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 22.— Absol.:
ab re consulit blandiloquentulus,
advises to his hurt, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 17.
II.
Sometimes meton. (causa pro effectu).
A.
To take a resolution, resolve, conclude, determine.
1.
Neutr.; constr. absol. or with de aliquo or in aliquem:
de nullis quam de vobis infestius aut inimicius consuluerunt,
Liv. 28, 29, 8; so,
de perfugis gravius quam de fugitivis,
id. 30, 43, 13:
in humiliores libidinose crudeliterque consulebatur,
id. 3, 36, 7; so,
crudeliter in deditos victosque,
id. 8, 13, 15; cf. Tac. Agr. 16. —
2.
Act.:
quid in concilio consuluistis?
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 6:
animum ego inducam tamen, ut illud, quod tuam in rem bene conducat, consulam,
id. Cist. 3, 4: ne quid gravius de salute tuā consulas, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 1:
pessime istuc in te atque in illum consulis,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 28:
quae reges irā inpulsi male consuluerint,
Sall. C. 51, 4:
nisi quod de uxore potuit honestius consuli,
id. J. 95, 3.— Pass. impers.:
aliter mihi de illis ac de me ipso consulendum est,
Cic. Att. 7, 13, 3.—
B.
With the access. idea of judging, in the connection boni, optimi aliquid consulere, to excuse, take in good part, interpret favorably; be contented, pleased, or satisfied with:
sit consul a consulendo vel a judicando: nam et hoc consulere veteres vocaverunt, unde adhuc remanet illud Rogat boni consulas, id est bonum judices,
Quint. 1, 6, 32; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 41, 8 Müll.: nemo hoc rex ausus est facere, eane fieri bonis, bono genere gnatis boni consulitis? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:
boni consulendum,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 40 Müll.:
tu haec quaeso consule missa boni,
Ov. P. 3, 8, 24; cf. id. Tr. 4, 1, 106; so,
nostrum laborem,
Quint. 6, prooem. § 16; Plin. Ep. 7, 12, 3:
hoc munus,
Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 8; id. Prov. 2, 4; id. Ep. 9, 20; 17, 9; 88, 17:
quaerebat argentum avaritia: boni consuluit interim invenisse minium,
Plin. 33, prooem. 2, § 4;
8, 16, 17, § 44: boni et optimi consulere,
App. M. 8, p. 205, 28.— Hence,
1.
consultus, a, um, P. a.
A.
Well considered or weighed, deliberated upon, maturely pondered:
bene consultum consilium surripitur saepissume, si minus, etc.,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 5 sq.:
ipsi omnia, quorum negotium est, consulta ad nos et exquisita deferunt,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 250: neque eam usquam invenio, neque quo eam, neque quā quaeram consultum'st, I know neither, etc., Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 6:
operā consultā,
with mature reflection, Gell. 7 (6), 17, 3;
in the same sense, consulto consilio,
Paul. Sent. 1, 9, 6:
consultius est huic poenalem quoque stipulationem subjungere,
it is better. more advantageous, Dig. 2, 15, 15.—
B.
(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Knowing, skilful, experienced, practised, esp. in law; skilled or learned in the law:
non ille magis juris consultus quam justitiae fuit,
Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 10:
juris atque eloquentiae,
Liv. 10, 22, 7:
consultissimus vir omnis divini atque humani juris,
id. 1, 18, 1; cf. Gell. 1, 13, 10:
insanientis sapientiae,
Hor. C. 1, 34, 3:
universae disciplinae,
Col. 11, 1, 12.—Hence, subst.: consultus, i, m., a lawyer:
tu consultus modo rusticus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 17; id. Ep 2, 2, 87; 2, 2, 159; Ov. A. A. 1, 83.— Esp. with juris, often written as one word, jūrisconsultus, i, m., v. h. v.— Absol.:
ut natura non disciplinā consultus esse videatur,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 78:
consultorum alterum disertissimum, disertorum alterum consultissimum fuisse,
id. Brut. 40, 148:
consultiores sibimet videntur Deo,
Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 2.—
2.
Subst.: consultum, i, n.
A.
(Acc. to I. B. 1. b.) A consultation, inquiry of a deity:
Sostratus (sacerdos) ubi laeta et congruentia exta magnisque consultis annuere deam videt, etc.,
Tac. H. 2, 4.—
B.
(Acc. to II.) A decree, decision, resolution, plan; so first, Senatus consultum, or in one word, Senatusconsul-tum, a decree of the Senate (most freq. in all periods; the senatus consulta were not, like the plebiscita, the supreme law of the republic; but under the emperors, all new laws took this form, v. esp. Sandars, Introd., Just. Inst. § 15;
1, 2, 5),
Sall. C. 42, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 149:
senatus consultum est quod senatus jubet atque constituit, nam cum auctus esset populus Romanus... aequum visum est senatum vice populi consuli,
Just. Inst. 1, 2, 5;
for which, consulta Patrum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 41. —Of a decree of the Sicilian council:
ne senatus consultum Siculi homines facere possent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 146.—Also in other connections:
facta et consulta fortium et sapientium,
Cic. Leg. 1, 24, 62; cf.:
facta consultaque Alexandri,
Sall. H. 3, 7 Dietsch:
consulta et decreta,
id. J. 11, 5:
consulta sese omnia cum illo integra habere,
all objects of consultation, plans, id. ib. 108, 2; cf.:
ab occultis cavendum hominibus consultisque,
plans, Liv. 25, 16, 4; and:
approbare collegam consulta,
id. 10, 39, 10:
dum consulta petis,
responses, oracles, divinations, Verg. A. 6, 151:
tua magna,
decisions, id. ib. 11, 410; so,
mollia,
Tac. A. 1, 40:
mala,
id. ib. 6, 6:
ex consulto factum,
purposely, voluntarily, Auct. Her. 2, 30, 49.—Hence, adv., considerately, deliberately, designedly, on purpose.
(α).
Form consultō (class. in prose and poetry):
utrum perturbatione aliquā animi an consulto et cogitata fiat injuria,
Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 43; Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 85; id. Leg. 1, 8, 25; Caes. B. G. 5, 16; 5, 37; Sall. J. 60, 5; 64, 5; Quint. 8, 4, 19; Tac. A. 4, 16; Suet. Caes. 56; * Hor. S. 1, 10, 14 al. —
(β).
Form consultē (mostly ante- and post-class.):
qui consulte, docte atque astute cavet,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 14:
caute atque consulte gesta,
Liv. 22, 38, 11; Spart. Had. 2.— Comp., Liv. 22, 24, 3; Tac. H. 2, 24. — Sup., Capitol. Pert. 7.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > consulo
5 Senatusconsultum

consŭlo, lŭi, ltum, 3, v. n. and a. [from con and root sal-; cf. consul and consilium].
I.
To consider, reflect, deliberate, take counsel, reflect upon, consult.
A.
Neutr.
1.
In gen.
(α).
Absol.: quid nunc? etiam consulis? do you still deliberate, i. e. hesitate? Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 171; cf. id. Truc. 2, 4, 75 Speng.: ne quid in consulendo adversi eveniat, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14:
consulto opus est,
there is need of deliberation, Sall. C. 1, 6:
dum tempus consulendi est,
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 19:
satis facere consulentibus,
Cic. Or. 42, 143:
ut omnium rerum vobis ad consulendum potestas esset,
Liv. 8, 13, 18:
ut tot uno tempore motibus animi turbati trepidarent magis quam consulerent,
id. 21, 16, 2:
praesidium consulenti curiae,
Hor. C. 2, 1, 14 et saep.—
(β).
With in and acc.:
consulere in longitudinem,
to take thought for the future, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 10:
in commune,
for the common good, id. And. 3, 3, 16; Liv. 32, 21, 1; Tac. A. 12, 5; id. Agr. 12; Curt. 5, 9, 14;
and in the same sense: in medium,
Verg. A. 11, 335; Liv. 24, 22, 15; Tac. H. 2, 5; Luc. 5, 46:
in unum,
Tac. H. 1, 68; 4, 70:
in publicum (opp. suscipere proprias simultates),
Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 21; Tac. A. 1, 24.—
(γ).
With de and abl.:
bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; so,
de communibus negotiis,
id. J. 105, 1:
de salute suorum,
Cic. Sull. 22, 63:
omnibus de rebus,
Tac. A. 4, 40.—
(δ).
With ut or ne:
consulere vivi ac prospicere debemus, ut illorum (liberorum) solitudo munita sit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 153:
tu ne qua manus se attollere nobis A tergo possit, custodi et consule longe,
Verg. A. 9, 322.— Impers.:
ut urbi... satis esset praesidii, consultum atque provisum est,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 26:
ne deficerent, consulendum esse,
Cels. 3, 4, 31.—
2.
Esp., consulere alicui or alicui rei, to take care for some person or thing, to be mindful of, take care of, look to, have regard for, to counsel or consult for:
tuae rei bene consulere cupio,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 9:
quid me fiat, parvi pendis, dum illi consulas,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 37:
qui parti civium consulunt, partem neglegunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85: consulere eorum commodis et utilitati salutique [p. 442] servire, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, § 27; so,
famae, pudicitiae tuae,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 3:
dignitati meae,
id. Fam. 11, 29, 1:
suae vitae,
Caes. B. G. 7, 12:
receptui sibi,
id. B. C. 3, 69:
reipublicae juxta ac sibi,
Sall. C. 37, 8; id. J. 58, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 1:
timori magis quam religioni,
Caes. B. C. 1, 67; cf.:
magis irae quam famae,
Sall. C. 51, 7:
qui mi consultum optime velit esse,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 1: mi ires consultum male? to counsel evil or badly, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 36; so,
male patriae,
Nep. Epam. 10, 1; id. Phoc. 2, 2.—With si:
melius consulet (sibi), si, etc.,
Cels. 1, 3, 55.—
B.
Act.
1.
Consulere aliquem (or aliquid), to consult with one, to ask his opinion or advice, to ask counsel of, to consult, question (for the sake of advice).
a.
In gen.:
cum te consuluissem, quid mihi faciendum esse censeres,
Cic. Fam. 11, 29, 1:
te, qui philosophum audis,
id. ib. 9, 26, 1:
Apellem tragoedum, uter, etc.,
Suet. Calig. 33 al. —Of inanim. objects:
speculum suum,
Ov. A. A. 3, 136; cf.:
spectatas undas, quid se deceat,
id. M. 4, 312:
nares, an olerent aera Corinthōn,
Mart. 9, 60, 11:
diem de gemmis, etc.,
Ov. A. A. 1, 251 sq.:
animum nostrum,
Quint. 4, 2, 52:
aures meas,
id. 9, 4, 93:
suas vires,
id. 10, 2, 18 al. —With two accs.:
ibo et consulam hanc rem amicos, quid faciundum censeant,
Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 26:
nec te id consulo,
Cic. Att. 7, 20, 2:
consulere prudentiorem coepi aetates tabularum,
Petr. 88.—Freq.,
b.
Esp. as t. t.
(α).
In the lang. of religion, to consult a deity, an oracle, omens, etc.:
Apollinem de re,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
deum consuluit auguriis, quae suscipienda essent,
Liv. 1, 20, 7:
deos hominum fibris,
Tac. A. 14, 30 fin.:
Phoebi oracula,
Ov. M. 3, 9; Suet. Vesp. 5:
Tiresiam conjectorem,
Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 76:
haruspicem,
Cic. Div. 2, 4, 11; Suet. Tib. 63; Cato, R. R. 5, 4:
vates nunc extis, nunc per aves,
Liv. 2, 42, 10:
Cumaeam anum,
Ov. F. 4, 158:
avem primum visam augur,
id. ib. 1, 180:
spirantia exta,
Verg. A. 4, 64; so,
trepidantia exta,
Ov. M. 15, 576:
sacras sortes,
id. ib. 11, 412:
Etrusci haruspices male consulentes,
Gell. 4, 5, 5.— Pass. impers.:
si publice consuletur... sin privatim,
Tac. G. 10. —With dependent question:
senatus pontificum collegium consuli jussit, num omne id aurum in ludos consumi necessum esset,
Liv. 39, 5, 9:
consulti per ludibrium pontifices, an concepto necdum edito partu rite nuberet,
Tac. A. 1, 10.—
(β).
In judic. lang., to ask advice of a lawyer, to consult, etc.:
quam inanes domus eorum omnium, qui de jure civili consuli solent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120:
consuli quidem te a Caesare scribis: sed ego tibi ab illo consuli mallem,
id. Fam. 7, 11, 2:
si jus consuleres, peritissimus,
Liv. 39, 40, 6:
munus hoc eorum qui consuluntur,
i. e. who are skilled in the law, Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14; so id. Quint. 16, 53.—
With dependent question: consulens eum, an seni jam testato suaderet ordinare suprema judicia,
Quint. 6, 3, 92.—The formula usual in asking advice was, licet consulere? Cic. Mur. 13, 28; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 192.—
(γ).
In publicists' lang., to take counsel with the competent authorities, to consult:
Quirites, utrum, etc.,
Liv. 31, 7, 2; so,
senatum,
Sall. J. 28, 2:
senatum de foedere,
id. ib. 39, 2;
62, 10: populum de ejus morte,
Cic. Mil. 7, 16:
plebem in omnia (tribuni),
Liv. 6, 39, 2 al. —
2.
Aliquid.
a.
To take counsel or deliberate upon something, to consider:
est consulere quiddam quod tecum volo,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 53; id. Pers. 5, 2, 63:
rem delatam consulere ordine non licuit,
Liv. 2, 28, 2; so,
consulere et explorare rem,
Cic. Att. 2, 16, 4:
consulis rem nulli obscuram,
Verg. A. 11, 344 al.:
bis repulsi Galli quid agant consulunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 83.—
b.
To advise something, to give advice:
tun' consulis quicquam?
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 22.— Absol.:
ab re consulit blandiloquentulus,
advises to his hurt, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 17.
II.
Sometimes meton. (causa pro effectu).
A.
To take a resolution, resolve, conclude, determine.
1.
Neutr.; constr. absol. or with de aliquo or in aliquem:
de nullis quam de vobis infestius aut inimicius consuluerunt,
Liv. 28, 29, 8; so,
de perfugis gravius quam de fugitivis,
id. 30, 43, 13:
in humiliores libidinose crudeliterque consulebatur,
id. 3, 36, 7; so,
crudeliter in deditos victosque,
id. 8, 13, 15; cf. Tac. Agr. 16. —
2.
Act.:
quid in concilio consuluistis?
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 6:
animum ego inducam tamen, ut illud, quod tuam in rem bene conducat, consulam,
id. Cist. 3, 4: ne quid gravius de salute tuā consulas, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 1:
pessime istuc in te atque in illum consulis,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 28:
quae reges irā inpulsi male consuluerint,
Sall. C. 51, 4:
nisi quod de uxore potuit honestius consuli,
id. J. 95, 3.— Pass. impers.:
aliter mihi de illis ac de me ipso consulendum est,
Cic. Att. 7, 13, 3.—
B.
With the access. idea of judging, in the connection boni, optimi aliquid consulere, to excuse, take in good part, interpret favorably; be contented, pleased, or satisfied with:
sit consul a consulendo vel a judicando: nam et hoc consulere veteres vocaverunt, unde adhuc remanet illud Rogat boni consulas, id est bonum judices,
Quint. 1, 6, 32; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 41, 8 Müll.: nemo hoc rex ausus est facere, eane fieri bonis, bono genere gnatis boni consulitis? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:
boni consulendum,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 40 Müll.:
tu haec quaeso consule missa boni,
Ov. P. 3, 8, 24; cf. id. Tr. 4, 1, 106; so,
nostrum laborem,
Quint. 6, prooem. § 16; Plin. Ep. 7, 12, 3:
hoc munus,
Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 8; id. Prov. 2, 4; id. Ep. 9, 20; 17, 9; 88, 17:
quaerebat argentum avaritia: boni consuluit interim invenisse minium,
Plin. 33, prooem. 2, § 4;
8, 16, 17, § 44: boni et optimi consulere,
App. M. 8, p. 205, 28.— Hence,
1.
consultus, a, um, P. a.
A.
Well considered or weighed, deliberated upon, maturely pondered:
bene consultum consilium surripitur saepissume, si minus, etc.,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 5 sq.:
ipsi omnia, quorum negotium est, consulta ad nos et exquisita deferunt,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 250: neque eam usquam invenio, neque quo eam, neque quā quaeram consultum'st, I know neither, etc., Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 6:
operā consultā,
with mature reflection, Gell. 7 (6), 17, 3;
in the same sense, consulto consilio,
Paul. Sent. 1, 9, 6:
consultius est huic poenalem quoque stipulationem subjungere,
it is better. more advantageous, Dig. 2, 15, 15.—
B.
(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Knowing, skilful, experienced, practised, esp. in law; skilled or learned in the law:
non ille magis juris consultus quam justitiae fuit,
Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 10:
juris atque eloquentiae,
Liv. 10, 22, 7:
consultissimus vir omnis divini atque humani juris,
id. 1, 18, 1; cf. Gell. 1, 13, 10:
insanientis sapientiae,
Hor. C. 1, 34, 3:
universae disciplinae,
Col. 11, 1, 12.—Hence, subst.: consultus, i, m., a lawyer:
tu consultus modo rusticus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 17; id. Ep 2, 2, 87; 2, 2, 159; Ov. A. A. 1, 83.— Esp. with juris, often written as one word, jūrisconsultus, i, m., v. h. v.— Absol.:
ut natura non disciplinā consultus esse videatur,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 78:
consultorum alterum disertissimum, disertorum alterum consultissimum fuisse,
id. Brut. 40, 148:
consultiores sibimet videntur Deo,
Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 2.—
2.
Subst.: consultum, i, n.
A.
(Acc. to I. B. 1. b.) A consultation, inquiry of a deity:
Sostratus (sacerdos) ubi laeta et congruentia exta magnisque consultis annuere deam videt, etc.,
Tac. H. 2, 4.—
B.
(Acc. to II.) A decree, decision, resolution, plan; so first, Senatus consultum, or in one word, Senatusconsul-tum, a decree of the Senate (most freq. in all periods; the senatus consulta were not, like the plebiscita, the supreme law of the republic; but under the emperors, all new laws took this form, v. esp. Sandars, Introd., Just. Inst. § 15;
1, 2, 5),
Sall. C. 42, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 149:
senatus consultum est quod senatus jubet atque constituit, nam cum auctus esset populus Romanus... aequum visum est senatum vice populi consuli,
Just. Inst. 1, 2, 5;
for which, consulta Patrum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 41. —Of a decree of the Sicilian council:
ne senatus consultum Siculi homines facere possent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 146.—Also in other connections:
facta et consulta fortium et sapientium,
Cic. Leg. 1, 24, 62; cf.:
facta consultaque Alexandri,
Sall. H. 3, 7 Dietsch:
consulta et decreta,
id. J. 11, 5:
consulta sese omnia cum illo integra habere,
all objects of consultation, plans, id. ib. 108, 2; cf.:
ab occultis cavendum hominibus consultisque,
plans, Liv. 25, 16, 4; and:
approbare collegam consulta,
id. 10, 39, 10:
dum consulta petis,
responses, oracles, divinations, Verg. A. 6, 151:
tua magna,
decisions, id. ib. 11, 410; so,
mollia,
Tac. A. 1, 40:
mala,
id. ib. 6, 6:
ex consulto factum,
purposely, voluntarily, Auct. Her. 2, 30, 49.—Hence, adv., considerately, deliberately, designedly, on purpose.
(α).
Form consultō (class. in prose and poetry):
utrum perturbatione aliquā animi an consulto et cogitata fiat injuria,
Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 43; Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 85; id. Leg. 1, 8, 25; Caes. B. G. 5, 16; 5, 37; Sall. J. 60, 5; 64, 5; Quint. 8, 4, 19; Tac. A. 4, 16; Suet. Caes. 56; * Hor. S. 1, 10, 14 al. —
(β).
Form consultē (mostly ante- and post-class.):
qui consulte, docte atque astute cavet,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 14:
caute atque consulte gesta,
Liv. 22, 38, 11; Spart. Had. 2.— Comp., Liv. 22, 24, 3; Tac. H. 2, 24. — Sup., Capitol. Pert. 7.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Senatusconsultum
6 summum

sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:
super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:
totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].
I.
Posit.
A.
Adj.
1.
In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:
at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:
omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:
ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:
limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:
portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):
carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:
di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:
spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:
omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:
supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):
lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:
domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;
so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:
de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,
ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —
2.
In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):
supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:
superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:
superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:
aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:
orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:
limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—
B.
Substt.
1.
Sŭpĕri, orum, m.
(α).
They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:
multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:
(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:
ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:
epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—
(β).
(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:
quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:
aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:
o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;
pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:
terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:
illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:
exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,
Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:
postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:
scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:
te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—
2.
sŭpĕra, orum, n.
(α).
The heavenly bodies:
Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:
cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—
(β).
Higher places (sc. loca):
supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:
(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.
II.
Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.
A.
Lit., of place, higher, upper:
inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:
dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:
in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:
tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:
superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:
de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:
agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;
and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,
ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:
loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;
3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:
qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:
ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:
posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:
superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:
quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:
superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:
superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:
tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:
tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:
annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:
anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:
superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:
in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:
testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:
superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:
superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:
superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:
nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:
vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—
b.
Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:
omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:
aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:
superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:
Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:
quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—
2.
Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:
Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:
numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:
hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:
se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:
semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:
si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:
ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:
multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:
superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—
3.
Of quality, condition, number, etc., higher, more distinguished, greater, superior.
(α).
With abl. respect.:
pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:
loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:
habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:
facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—
(β).
Absol.:
ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:
ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:
premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:
cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.
III.
Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.
A.
‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—
B.
sū̆prēmus, a, um, highest, loftiest, topmost.
1.
Lit. (only poet.; cf.
summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,
montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:
rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:
arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:
supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, extreme, final, = ultimus (class.).
(α).
In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;
sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:
quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:
jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:
quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—
(β).
In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:
supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:
dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:
hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:
tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:
incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:
mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:
finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:
iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:
lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,
ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:
haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:
Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;
supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:
suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:
spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:
funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:
oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:
tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:
ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:
ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:
officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,
tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:
tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:
Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:
dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:
animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:
anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.
1.
sŭprēmum, i, n., the last moment, end (very rare):
ventum ad supremum est,
Verg. A. 12, 803.—
2.
suprēma, orum, n.
(α).
The last moments, the close of life, death:
ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:
statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:
circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—
(β).
The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:
supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:
suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—
(γ).
A last will, testament:
nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:
miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—
(δ).
The relics, remains of a burned corpse, the ashes, = reliquiae, Amm. 25, 9, 12; Sol. 1 med. —
b.
Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:
multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:
macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:
Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:
med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—
C.
summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).
1.
Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):
summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):
summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:
summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:
feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:
locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:
in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:
quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:
ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:
in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:
apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:
per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:
summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:
mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:
prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:
summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:
amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:
summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:
summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:
standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,
a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—
b.
summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:
ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:
qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:
leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:
igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:
puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:
nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:
summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—
2.
Transf., of the voice:
jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:
citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:
vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:
summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:
summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:
exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:
bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:
triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):
haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,
venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:
ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:
cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:
in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:
summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:
eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;
quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:
nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —
b.
Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):
summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:
spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:
fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:
qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:
non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:
tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:
quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:
turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:
summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:
scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:
hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:
cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:
summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:
summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:
optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:
summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:
ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:
miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:
amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:
nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:
summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:
summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:
in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:
summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,
res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:
ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:
quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:
non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;
ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:
quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:
cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:
contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:
diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:
admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:
summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:
officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:
summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:
summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:
summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:
mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > summum
7 Superi

sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:
super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:
totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].
I.
Posit.
A.
Adj.
1.
In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:
at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:
omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:
ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:
limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:
portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):
carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:
di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:
spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:
omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:
supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):
lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:
domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;
so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:
de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,
ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —
2.
In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):
supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:
superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:
superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:
aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:
orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:
limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—
B.
Substt.
1.
Sŭpĕri, orum, m.
(α).
They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:
multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:
(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:
ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:
epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—
(β).
(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:
quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:
aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:
o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;
pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:
terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:
illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:
exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,
Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:
postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:
scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:
te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—
2.
sŭpĕra, orum, n.
(α).
The heavenly bodies:
Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:
cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—
(β).
Higher places (sc. loca):
supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:
(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.
II.
Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.
A.
Lit., of place, higher, upper:
inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:
dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:
in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:
tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:
superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:
de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:
agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;
and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,
ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:
loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;
3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:
qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:
ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:
posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:
superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:
quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:
superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:
superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:
tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:
tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:
annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:
anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:
superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:
in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:
testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:
superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:
superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:
superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:
nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:
vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—
b.
Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:
omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:
aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:
superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:
Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:
quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—
2.
Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:
Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:
numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:
hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:
se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:
semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:
si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:
ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:
multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:
superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—
3.
Of quality, condition, number, etc., higher, more distinguished, greater, superior.
(α).
With abl. respect.:
pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:
loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:
habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:
facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—
(β).
Absol.:
ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:
ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:
premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:
cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.
III.
Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.
A.
‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—
B.
sū̆prēmus, a, um, highest, loftiest, topmost.
1.
Lit. (only poet.; cf.
summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,
montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:
rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:
arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:
supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, extreme, final, = ultimus (class.).
(α).
In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;
sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:
quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:
jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:
quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—
(β).
In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:
supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:
dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:
hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:
tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:
incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:
mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:
finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:
iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:
lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,
ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:
haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:
Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;
supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:
suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:
spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:
funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:
oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:
tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:
ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:
ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:
officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,
tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:
tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:
Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:
dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:
animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:
anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.
1.
sŭprēmum, i, n., the last moment, end (very rare):
ventum ad supremum est,
Verg. A. 12, 803.—
2.
suprēma, orum, n.
(α).
The last moments, the close of life, death:
ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:
statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:
circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—
(β).
The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:
supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:
suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—
(γ).
A last will, testament:
nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:
miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—
(δ).
The relics, remains of a burned corpse, the ashes, = reliquiae, Amm. 25, 9, 12; Sol. 1 med. —
b.
Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:
multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:
macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:
Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:
med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—
C.
summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).
1.
Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):
summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):
summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:
summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:
feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:
locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:
in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:
quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:
ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:
in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:
apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:
per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:
summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:
mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:
prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:
summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:
amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:
summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:
summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:
standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,
a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—
b.
summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:
ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:
qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:
leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:
igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:
puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:
nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:
summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—
2.
Transf., of the voice:
jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:
citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:
vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:
summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:
summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:
exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:
bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:
triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):
haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,
venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:
ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:
cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:
in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:
summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:
eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;
quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:
nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —
b.
Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):
summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:
spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:
fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:
qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:
non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:
tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:
quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:
turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:
summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:
scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:
hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:
cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:
summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:
summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:
optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:
summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:
ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:
miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:
amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:
nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:
summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:
summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:
in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:
summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,
res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:
ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:
quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:
non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;
ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:
quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:
cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:
contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:
diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:
admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:
summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:
officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:
summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:
summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:
summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:
mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Superi
8 superus

sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:
super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:
totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].
I.
Posit.
A.
Adj.
1.
In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:
at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:
omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:
ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:
limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:
portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):
carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:
di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:
spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:
omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:
supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):
lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:
domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;
so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:
de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,
ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —
2.
In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):
supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:
superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:
superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:
aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:
orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:
limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—
B.
Substt.
1.
Sŭpĕri, orum, m.
(α).
They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:
multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:
(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:
ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:
epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—
(β).
(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:
quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:
aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:
o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;
pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:
terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:
illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:
exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,
Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:
postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:
scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:
te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—
2.
sŭpĕra, orum, n.
(α).
The heavenly bodies:
Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:
cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—
(β).
Higher places (sc. loca):
supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:
(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.
II.
Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.
A.
Lit., of place, higher, upper:
inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:
dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:
in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:
tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:
superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:
de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:
agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;
and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,
ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:
loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;
3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:
qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:
ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:
posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:
superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:
quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:
superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:
superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:
tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:
tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:
annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:
anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:
superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:
in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:
testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:
superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:
superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:
superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:
nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:
vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—
b.
Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:
omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:
aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:
superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:
Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:
quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—
2.
Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:
Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:
numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:
hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:
se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:
semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:
si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:
ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:
multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:
superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—
3.
Of quality, condition, number, etc., higher, more distinguished, greater, superior.
(α).
With abl. respect.:
pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:
loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:
habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:
facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—
(β).
Absol.:
ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:
ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:
premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:
cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.
III.
Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.
A.
‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—
B.
sū̆prēmus, a, um, highest, loftiest, topmost.
1.
Lit. (only poet.; cf.
summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,
montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:
rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:
arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:
supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, extreme, final, = ultimus (class.).
(α).
In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;
sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:
quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:
jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:
quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—
(β).
In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:
supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:
dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:
hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:
tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:
incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:
mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:
finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:
iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:
lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,
ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:
haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:
Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;
supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:
suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:
spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:
funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:
oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:
tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:
ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:
ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:
officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,
tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:
tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:
Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:
dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:
animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:
anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.
1.
sŭprēmum, i, n., the last moment, end (very rare):
ventum ad supremum est,
Verg. A. 12, 803.—
2.
suprēma, orum, n.
(α).
The last moments, the close of life, death:
ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:
statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:
circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—
(β).
The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:
supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:
suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—
(γ).
A last will, testament:
nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:
miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—
(δ).
The relics, remains of a burned corpse, the ashes, = reliquiae, Amm. 25, 9, 12; Sol. 1 med. —
b.
Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:
multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:
macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:
Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:
med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—
C.
summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).
1.
Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):
summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):
summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:
summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:
feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:
locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:
in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:
quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:
ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:
in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:
apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:
per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:
summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:
mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:
prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:
summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:
amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:
summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:
summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:
standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,
a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—
b.
summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:
ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:
qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:
leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:
igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:
puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:
nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:
summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—
2.
Transf., of the voice:
jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:
citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:
vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:
summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:
summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:
exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:
bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:
triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):
haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,
venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:
ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:
cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:
in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:
summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:
eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;
quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:
nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —
b.
Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):
summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:
spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:
fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:
qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:
non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:
tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:
quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:
turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:
summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:
scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:
hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:
cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:
summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:
summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:
optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:
summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:
ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:
miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:
amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:
nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:
summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:
summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:
in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:
summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,
res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:
ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:
quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:
non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;
ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:
quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:
cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:
contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:
diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:
admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:
summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:
officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:
summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:
summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:
summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:
mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > superus
9 supremum

sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:
super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:
totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].
I.
Posit.
A.
Adj.
1.
In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:
at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:
omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:
ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:
limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:
portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):
carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:
di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:
spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:
omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:
supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):
lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:
domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;
so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:
de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,
ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —
2.
In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):
supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:
superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:
superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:
aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:
orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:
limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—
B.
Substt.
1.
Sŭpĕri, orum, m.
(α).
They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:
multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:
(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:
ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:
epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—
(β).
(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:
quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:
aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:
o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;
pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:
terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:
illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:
exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,
Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:
postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:
scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:
te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—
2.
sŭpĕra, orum, n.
(α).
The heavenly bodies:
Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:
cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—
(β).
Higher places (sc. loca):
supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:
(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.
II.
Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.
A.
Lit., of place, higher, upper:
inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:
dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:
in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:
tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:
superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:
de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:
agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;
and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,
ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:
loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;
3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:
qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:
ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:
posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:
superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:
quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:
superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:
superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:
tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:
tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:
annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:
anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:
superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:
in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:
testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:
superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:
superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:
superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:
nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:
vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—
b.
Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:
omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:
aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:
superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:
Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:
quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—
2.
Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:
Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:
numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:
hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:
se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:
semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:
si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:
ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:
multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:
superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—
3.
Of quality, condition, number, etc., higher, more distinguished, greater, superior.
(α).
With abl. respect.:
pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:
loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:
habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:
facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—
(β).
Absol.:
ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:
ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:
premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:
cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.
III.
Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.
A.
‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—
B.
sū̆prēmus, a, um, highest, loftiest, topmost.
1.
Lit. (only poet.; cf.
summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,
montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:
rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:
arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:
supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, extreme, final, = ultimus (class.).
(α).
In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;
sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:
quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:
jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:
quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—
(β).
In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:
supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:
dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:
hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:
tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:
incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:
mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:
finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:
iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:
lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,
ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:
haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:
Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;
supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:
suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:
spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:
funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:
oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:
tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:
ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:
ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:
officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,
tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:
tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:
Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:
dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:
animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:
anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.
1.
sŭprēmum, i, n., the last moment, end (very rare):
ventum ad supremum est,
Verg. A. 12, 803.—
2.
suprēma, orum, n.
(α).
The last moments, the close of life, death:
ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:
statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:
circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—
(β).
The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:
supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:
suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—
(γ).
A last will, testament:
nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:
miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—
(δ).
The relics, remains of a burned corpse, the ashes, = reliquiae, Amm. 25, 9, 12; Sol. 1 med. —
b.
Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:
multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:
macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:
Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:
med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—
C.
summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).
1.
Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):
summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):
summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:
summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:
feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:
locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:
in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:
quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:
ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:
in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:
apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:
per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:
summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:
mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:
prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:
summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:
amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:
summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:
summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:
standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,
a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—
b.
summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:
ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:
qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:
leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:
igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:
puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:
nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:
summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—
2.
Transf., of the voice:
jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:
citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:
vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:
summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:
summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:
exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:
bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:
triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):
haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,
venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:
ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:
cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:
in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:
summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:
eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;
quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:
nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —
b.
Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):
summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:
spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:
fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:
qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:
non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:
tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:
quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:
turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:
summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:
scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:
hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:
cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:
summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:
summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:
optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:
summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:
ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:
miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:
amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:
nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:
summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:
summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:
in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:
summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,
res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:
ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:
quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:
non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;
ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:
quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:
cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:
contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:
diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:
admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:
summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:
officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:
summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:
summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:
summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:
mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > supremum
10 supremus

sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:
super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:
totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].
I.
Posit.
A.
Adj.
1.
In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:
at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:
omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:
ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:
limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:
portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):
carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:
di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:
spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:
omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:
supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):
lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:
domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;
so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:
de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,
ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —
2.
In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):
supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:
superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:
superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:
aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:
orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:
limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—
B.
Substt.
1.
Sŭpĕri, orum, m.
(α).
They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:
multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:
(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:
ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:
epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—
(β).
(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:
quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:
aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:
o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;
pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:
terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:
illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:
exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,
Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:
postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:
scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:
superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:
flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:
te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—
2.
sŭpĕra, orum, n.
(α).
The heavenly bodies:
Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:
cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—
(β).
Higher places (sc. loca):
supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:
(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.
II.
Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.
A.
Lit., of place, higher, upper:
inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:
dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:
in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:
tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:
superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:
de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:
agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;
and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,
ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:
loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;
3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:
qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:
ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:
posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:
superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:
quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:
superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:
superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:
tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:
tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:
annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:
anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:
superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:
in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:
testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:
superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:
superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:
superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:
nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:
vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—
b.
Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:
omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:
aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:
superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:
Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:
quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—
2.
Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:
Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:
numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:
hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:
se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:
semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:
si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:
ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:
multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:
superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—
3.
Of quality, condition, number, etc., higher, more distinguished, greater, superior.
(α).
With abl. respect.:
pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:
loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:
habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:
facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—
(β).
Absol.:
ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:
ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:
invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:
premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:
cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.
III.
Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.
A.
‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—
B.
sū̆prēmus, a, um, highest, loftiest, topmost.
1.
Lit. (only poet.; cf.
summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,
montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:
rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:
arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:
supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, extreme, final, = ultimus (class.).
(α).
In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;
sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:
quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:
jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:
quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—
(β).
In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:
supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:
dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:
hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:
tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:
incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:
mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:
finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:
iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:
lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,
ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:
haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:
Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;
supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:
suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:
spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:
funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:
oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:
tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:
ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:
ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:
officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,
tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:
tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:
Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:
dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:
animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:
anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.
1.
sŭprēmum, i, n., the last moment, end (very rare):
ventum ad supremum est,
Verg. A. 12, 803.—
2.
suprēma, orum, n.
(α).
The last moments, the close of life, death:
ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:
statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:
circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—
(β).
The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:
supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:
suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—
(γ).
A last will, testament:
nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:
miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—
(δ).
The relics, remains of a burned corpse, the ashes, = reliquiae, Amm. 25, 9, 12; Sol. 1 med. —
b.
Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:
multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:
macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:
Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:
med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—
C.
summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).
1.
Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):
summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):
summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:
summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:
feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:
locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:
in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:
quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:
Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:
ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:
in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:
apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:
per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:
summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:
mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:
prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:
summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:
amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:
summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:
summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:
standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,
a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—
b.
summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:
ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:
qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:
leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:
igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:
puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:
nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:
summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—
2.
Transf., of the voice:
jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:
citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:
vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:
summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:
summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:
exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:
bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:
triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):
haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,
venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:
ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:
cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:
in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:
summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:
eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;
quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:
nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —
b.
Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):
summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:
spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:
fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:
qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:
non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:
tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:
qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:
concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:
quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:
turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:
summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:
scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:
hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:
cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:
summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:
summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:
optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:
summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:
ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:
miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:
amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:
nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:
summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:
summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:
in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:
summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,
res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:
ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:
quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:
non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;
ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:
quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:
cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:
contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:
diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:
admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:
summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:
officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:
summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:
summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:
summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:
mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > supremus

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JUDICIA — in Rep. Rom. primum penes Senatum fuêrunt, ex lege Romuli, cuius meminir Dion. Halic. quod eriam longo rempore sub Consulibus observatum. Donec C. Sempronius Gracchus Tr. Pl. lege latâ, ea ad solos Equires transtulit, postquam paucis ante Annis… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
Liste de locutions latines — Cet article contient une liste de locutions latines présentée par ordre alphabétique. Pour des explications morphologiques et linguistiques générales, consulter l article : Expression latine. Sommaire A B … … Wikipédia en Français

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