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1 ухудшение качества пресных вод
ухудшение качества пресных вод
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
freshwater degradation
Pollution immediately or eventually involves the hydrological cycle of the earth, because even pollutants emitted into the air and those present in the soil are washed out by precipitation. Water is considered polluted when it is altered in composition or condition so that it becomes less suitable for any or all of the functions and purposes for which it would be suitable in its natural state. This definition includes changes in the physical, chemical and biological properties of water, or such discharges of liquid, gaseous or solid substances into water as will or are likely to create nuisances or render such water harmful to public health, safety or welfare, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, fish or other aquatic life. It also includes changes in temperatures, due to the discharge of hot water. (Source: WPR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ухудшение качества пресных вод
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2 изменение ландшафта
изменение ландшафта
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
landscape alteration
Landscapes might change through time as a result of human activities or natural processes such as fires or natural disasters. Changes in landscape structure can be documented by using data from aerial photographs or satellite images, and new technologies, such as remote sensing and geographic information systems. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > изменение ландшафта
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3 облучение продуктов питания
облучение продуктов питания
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
food irradiation
The most recent addition to food preservation technologies is the use of ionizing radiation, which has some distinct advantages over conventional methods. With irradiation, foods can be treated after packaging, thus eliminating post-processing contamination. In addition, foods are preserved in a fresh state and can be kept longer without noticeable loss of quality. Food irradiation leaves no residues, and changes in nutritional value due to irradiation are comparable with those produced by other processes. Irradiation is the process of applying high energy to a material, such as food, to sterilize or extend its shelf-life by killing microorganisms, insects and other pests residing on it. Sources of ionizing radiation that have been used include gamma rays, electron beams and X-rays. Gamma rays are produced by radioactive isotopes such as Cobalt-60. Electron beams are produced by linear accelerators, which themselves are powered by electricity. The dose applied to a product is the most important factor of the process. At high doses, food is essentially sterilized, just as occurs in canning. Products so treated can be stored at room temperature almost indefinitely. Controversial and banned in some countries. (Source: IFSE / VCN)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > облучение продуктов питания
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4 влияние климата
влияние климата
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climatic effect
Climate has a central influence on many human needs and activities, such as agriculture, housing, human health, water resources, and energy use. The influence of climate on vegetation and soil type is so strong that the earliest climate classification schemes where often based more on these factors than on the meteorological variables. While technology can be used to mitigate the effects of unfavorable climatic conditions, climate fluctuations that result in significant departures from normal cause serious problems for modern industrialized societies as much as for primitive ones. The goals of climatology are to provide a comprehensive description of the Earth's climate, to understand its features in terms of fundamental physical principles, and to develop models of the Earth's climate that will allow the prediction of future changes that may result from natural and human causes. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > влияние климата
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5 заселение видов растений
заселение видов растений
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
introduction of plant species
Plants which have been translocated by human agency into lands or waters where they have not lived previously, at least during historic times. Such translocation of species always involves an element of risk if not of serious danger. Newly arrived species may be highly competitive with or otherwise adversely affect native species and communities. Some may become a nuisance through sheer overabundance. They may become liable to rapid genetic changes in their new environment. Many harmful introductions have been made by persons unqualified to anticipate the often complex ecological interaction which may ensue. On the other hand many plants introduced into modified or degraded environments may be more useful than native species in controlling erosion or in performing other positive functions. (Source: WPR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > заселение видов растений
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6 изменение климата
изменение климата
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climatic change
The long-term fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and all other aspects of the Earth's climate. External processes, such as solar-irradiance variations, variations of the Earth's orbital parameters (eccentricity, precession, and inclination), lithosphere motions, and volcanic activity, are factors in climatic variation. Internal variations of the climate system, e.g., changes in the abundance of greenhouse gases, also may produce fluctuations of sufficient magnitude and variability to explain observed climate change through the feedback processes interrelating the components of the climate system. (Source: GSFC)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > изменение климата
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7 полихлорированный дибензофуран
полихлорированный дибензофуран
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
polychlorinated dibenzofuran
A family containing 135 individual, colorless compounds known as congeners with varying harmful health and environmental effects. They are produced as unwanted compounds during the manufacture of several chemicals and consumer products such as wood treatment chemicals, some metals, and paper products; also produced from the burning of municipal and industrial waste in incinerators, from exhaust of leaded gasoline, heat, or production of electricity. They are hazardous to the respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, liver, musculoskeletal system, skin and nervous system; and are toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and contact. Symptoms of exposure include frequent coughing, severe respiratory infections, chronic bronchitis, abdominal pain, muscle pain, acne rashes, skin color changes, unexpected weight loss, nonmalignant or malignant liver disease. (Source: KOREN)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > полихлорированный дибензофуран
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8 прогноз выбросов
прогноз выбросов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
emission forecast
The final step in a clean air plan is to predict future air quality to demonstrate that we can (if we can) meet the health standards by implementing the measures proposed in the plan. This is done by first projecting the emission inventory into the future, taking into account changes in population, housing, employment in specific business sectors, and vehicle miles traveled. These data are obtained from various sources and the resulting emissions are adjusted to account for regulations and control measures scheduled for implementation during the same time period. Additional adjustments are made to reflect large facilities that are expected to start up, modify, or shut down. The resulting inventory is an emission forecast, and is usually expressed in tons per day of particular pollutants for a given year. Additional steps may be required to determine how the forecasted quantities of air pollution will affect the overall air quality. One way to accomplish this is through computer modeling. A computer model simulates how pollutants disperse, react, and move in the air. The inputs to such a computer model are complex. They include weather patterns, terrain, and the chemical nature of air pollutants. (Source: APCD)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > прогноз выбросов
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9 седиментация (геол.)
седиментация (геол.)
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sedimentation (geology)
The act or process of forming or accumulating sediment in layers, including such processes as the separation of rock particles from the material from which the sediment is derived, the transportation of these particles to the site of deposition, the actual deposition or settling of the particles, the chemical and other changes occurring in the sediment, and the ultimate consolidation of the sediment into solid rock. (Source: BJGEO)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > седиментация (геол.)
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10 термореактивная изоляция
- thermoelastische Isolierung, f
- thermisch stabilisierte Isolierung, f
термореактивная изоляция
изоляция из пластмассы, которая под действием тепла или других факторов, таких как радиация, катализаторы и т.д., необратимо переходит в неразмягчаемое и нерастворимое состояние
[IEV number 461-02-11]EN
thermosetting insulation
insulation made of plastic which, when cured by heat or other means, such as radiation, catalysts, etc., changes into a substantially infusible and insoluble product
[IEV number 461-02-11]FR
isolation thermodurcissable
isolation constituée d'un plastique qui est transformé en un produit pratiquement infusible et insoluble lorsqu'il est traité par la chaleur ou par d'autres moyens tels que radiations, catalyseurs, etc.
[IEV number 461-02-11]Тематики
- кабели, провода...
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- thermisch stabilisierte Isolierung, f
- thermoelastische Isolierung, f
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > термореактивная изоляция
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11 ядерная реакция
ядерная реакция
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
nuclear reaction
A reaction involving a change in an atomic nucleus, such as fission, fusion, neutron capture, or radioactive decay, as distinct from a chemical reaction, which is limited to changes in the electron structure surrounding the nucleus. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ядерная реакция
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