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1 banlieue
banlieue [bɑ̃ljø]feminine noun• proche/grande banlieue inner or near/outer suburbs━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━For historical, economic and social reasons, many suburbs of large French towns have become severely depressed in recent years; the word banlieue thus tends to conjure up images of violence and urban decay, and has similar connotations to the English term « inner city ». Young people in many such suburbs have developed a strong cultural identity that includes rap music and « verlan ». → VERLAN* * *bɑ̃ljø1) ( périphérie) suburbs (pl)de banlieue — [ville, hôpital] suburban
2) ( quartier) suburb* * *bɑ̃ljø nfsuburbs plChristèle habite en banlieue. — Christèle lives in the suburbs.
* * *banlieue nf1 ( périphérie) suburbs (pl); la proche/moyenne/grande banlieue the inner/intermediate/outer suburbs; banlieue sud/nord southern/northern suburbs; vivre en lointaine banlieue to live in the outer suburbs; Versailles est en banlieue Versailles is in the suburbs; une ville de banlieue a suburban town; université/hôpital/pavillon de banlieue suburban university/hospital/house; le problème des banlieues the social problems of the suburbs;2 ( quartier) suburb; une banlieue résidentielle/industrielle/ouvrière/rouge○ a residential/an industrial/a working-class/a communist suburb; ⇒ dortoir.[bɑ̃ljø] nom fémininla banlieue suburbia, the suburbsla maison est en banlieue the house is on the outskirts of the town ou in the suburbsgrande banlieue outer suburbs, commuter beltIn France, the word banlieue is often associated with social problems such as delinquency. -
2 couronne
couronne [kuʀɔn]feminine nouna. [de mariée] headdress• couronne (funéraire or mortuaire) (fleurs) (funeral) wreathb. [de roi, pape] crownc. ( = pain) ring-shaped loafd. [de dent] crowne. ( = périphérie) la grande/petite couronne the outer/inner suburbs (of Paris)f. ( = monnaie) crown* * *kuʀɔn2) (de fleurs, feuilles)couronne de fleurs — garland; ( pour enterrement) wreath
3) ( de dent) crown4) ( cercle) ring5) ( pouvoir)6) ( monnaie) crown7) ( pain) ring-shaped loaf8) ( banlieue de Paris)la petite couronne — the inner suburbs
la grande couronne — the outer suburbs
* * *kuʀɔn nf1) [reine] crown2) [fleurs] wreath3) (figure, forme) ring4) (dentaire) crown* * *couronne nf1 ( de roi) crown; ( de noble) coronet; couronne de fleurs d'oranger garland of orange blossom; couronne d'épines crown of thorns; couronne de lauriers laurel wreath; couronne de fleurs wreath; couronne de roses wreath of roses;2 ( pour un enterrement) wreath; couronne funéraire or mortuaire funeral wreath;3 Dent crown; poser une couronne to crown a tooth;4 ( cercle) ring;5 ( pouvoir) la couronne the Crown; les joyaux de la couronne the crown jewels; prétendre à la couronne to lay claim to the throne; héritier de la couronne heir to the throne;7 ( pain) ring-shaped loaf;8 ( banlieue de Paris) la petite couronne the inner suburbs (pl); la grande couronne the outer suburbs (pl).[kurɔn] nom féminincouronne de lauriers crown of laurels, laurel wreath2. HISTOIRE & POLITIQUEla Couronne d'Angleterre/de Belgique the English/Belgian Crown4. [périphérie]5. [pain] ring ou ring-shaped loaf6. [prothèse dentaire] crown8. [monnaie] crowncouronne danoise/norvégienne krone————————en couronne locution adjectivale1. [en rond] -
3 couronné
couronne [kuʀɔn]feminine nouna. [de mariée] headdress• couronne (funéraire or mortuaire) (fleurs) (funeral) wreathb. [de roi, pape] crownc. ( = pain) ring-shaped loafd. [de dent] crowne. ( = périphérie) la grande/petite couronne the outer/inner suburbs (of Paris)f. ( = monnaie) crown* * *kuʀɔn2) (de fleurs, feuilles)couronne de fleurs — garland; ( pour enterrement) wreath
3) ( de dent) crown4) ( cercle) ring5) ( pouvoir)6) ( monnaie) crown7) ( pain) ring-shaped loaf8) ( banlieue de Paris)la petite couronne — the inner suburbs
la grande couronne — the outer suburbs
* * *kuʀɔn nf1) [reine] crown2) [fleurs] wreath3) (figure, forme) ring4) (dentaire) crown* * *couronne nf1 ( de roi) crown; ( de noble) coronet; couronne de fleurs d'oranger garland of orange blossom; couronne d'épines crown of thorns; couronne de lauriers laurel wreath; couronne de fleurs wreath; couronne de roses wreath of roses;2 ( pour un enterrement) wreath; couronne funéraire or mortuaire funeral wreath;3 Dent crown; poser une couronne to crown a tooth;4 ( cercle) ring;5 ( pouvoir) la couronne the Crown; les joyaux de la couronne the crown jewels; prétendre à la couronne to lay claim to the throne; héritier de la couronne heir to the throne;7 ( pain) ring-shaped loaf;8 ( banlieue de Paris) la petite couronne the inner suburbs (pl); la grande couronne the outer suburbs (pl). -
4 agglomération
agglomération [aglɔmeʀasjɔ̃]feminine nouna. ( = ville) town• la vitesse est limitée à 50 km/h en agglomération the speed limit is 50km/h in built-up areasb. [de matériaux] conglomeration* * *aglɔmeʀasjɔ̃vitesse maximum en agglomération — Automobile maximum speed in built-up areas
2) Technologie agglomeration (de of)* * *aɡlɔmeʀasjɔ̃ nf1) (= ville) town2) (du point de vue des transports) built-up area3) [choses, éléments] conglomeration* * *1 ( ville) town; ( village) village; l'agglomération lyonnaise Lyons and its suburbs; vitesse maximum en agglomération Aut maximum speed in built-up areas;2 Tech agglomeration (de of).[aglɔmerasjɔ̃] nom féminin1. [ville et sa banlieue] townl'agglomération parisienne Paris and its suburbs, greater Paris3. [assemblage] conglomeration -
5 réinstaller
réinstaller [ʀeɛ̃stale]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. [+ pièce, appartement] to refurnishb. ( = rétablir) réinstaller qn chez lui to move sb back into their own home2. reflexive verb• il s'est réinstallé à Paris he's gone back to live in Paris ; [commerçant] he's set up in business again in Paris* * *ʀeɛ̃stale
1.
1) ( réaménager) to refit [pièce]; ( changer de lieu)réinstaller les bureaux au premier étage — to move the offices back to the first GB ou second US floor
2) ( rétablir) (dans une ville, une région) to resettle [personne] ( dans to); ( dans une maison) to move [somebody] back [personne] ( dans to); ( à un poste)réinstaller quelqu'un dans ses fonctions — to reinstate someone in his/her old job; ( à un mandat)
2.
se réinstaller verbe pronominal ( dans un lieu)se réinstaller en banlieue — [habitant] to move back to the suburbs; [compagnie, commerçant] to set up business again in the suburbs
* * *ʀeɛ̃stale vt1) [locaux] to refit2) [famille] to relocate, to resettle3) [direction] to reinstateIl a été réinstallé au poste de président. — He has been reinstated as president.
4) INFORMATIQUE to reinstall* * *réinstaller verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( réaménager) to refit [pièce]; ( changer de lieu) réinstaller les bureaux au premier étage to move the offices back to the first GB ou second US floor;2 ( rétablir) (dans une ville, une région) to resettle [personne] (dans to); ( dans une maison) to move [sb] back [personne] (dans to); ( à un poste) réinstaller qn dans ses fonctions to reinstate someone in his/her old job; ( à un mandat) réinstaller qn à la présidence to re-elect sb as president.B se réinstaller vpr1 ( dans un lieu) se réinstaller dans un fauteuil to settle (oneself) back into an armchair; se réinstaller en banlieue [habitant] to move back to the suburbs; [compagnie, commerçant] to set up business again in the suburbs;2 ( dans une situation) se réinstaller à la présidence to become president again; se réinstaller en tête to get back into the lead.[reɛ̃stale] verbe transitif————————se réinstaller verbe pronominal intransitifil s'est réinstallé dans son ancien bureau he's gone ou moved back to his old office2. [se rasseoir] to settle (back) down in one's seat -
6 banlieusard
banlieusard, e [bɑ̃ljøzaʀ, aʀd]masculine noun, feminine noun* * *banlieusarde bɑ̃ljøzaʀ, aʀd nom masculin, féminin person from the suburbs, suburbanite* * *bɑ̃ljøzaʀ, aʀd nm/f banlieusard, -e* * *A adj suburban.B nm,f person from the suburbs, suburbanite; c'est un banlieusard he's from the suburbs. -
7 RER
RER [εʀøεʀ]masculine noun( = réseau express régional) rapid-transit train service between Paris and the suburbs* * *ɛʀəɛʀ* * *ɛʀøɛʀ abr nmRéseau express régional high-speed train service between Paris and the suburbs* * * -
8 pavillon
pavillon [pavijɔ̃]1. masculine nounb. ( = drapeau) flag2. compounds* * *pavijɔ̃nom masculin1) ( maison) (detached) house; ( d'exposition) pavilion; ( d'hôpital) wing; ( d'hôtel etc) chalet GB, bungalow US2) ( d'oreille) auricle; ( d'instrument) bell; (de haut-parleur, phonographe) horn3) Nautisme flagbaisser pavillon — lit to lower the flag; fig to admit defeat ( devant quelqu'un to somebody)
battre pavillon russe — Nautisme to fly the Russian flag
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *pavijɔ̃ nm1) [banlieue] house, detached houseIls habitent un pavillon de banlieue. — They've got a house in the suburbs.
2) (= kiosque) [jardin] lodge, [exposition] pavilion3) [hôpital] ward4) MUSIQUE, [cor] bell5) ANATOMIE, [oreille] auricle, pinna6) NAVIGATION flag* * *pavillon nm1 ( bâtiment) ( maison) (detached) house; (de parc, exposition) pavilion; ( d'hôpital) pavilion, wing; ( d'hôtel etc) chalet GB, bungalow US; pavillon de banlieue suburban house; le pavillon de la Suisse the Swiss pavilion; le pavillon des sidéens the Aids ward;3 Naut flag; sous pavillon français under the French flag; pavillon amiral/national admiral's/national flag; pavillon de complaisance flag of convenience; pavillon de quarantaine/signalisation quarantine/signal flag; baisser pavillon lit to lower the flag; fig to admit defeat (devant qn to sb); battre pavillon russe/hollandais Naut to fly the Russian/Dutch flag;4 Aut roof;5 Turf enclosure, stand;6 Relig veil;7 Hérald pavilion.pavillon de beaupré Naut jack; pavillon de chasse hunting lodge; pavillon noir black flag, Jolly Roger; pavillon de poupe Naut ensign.[pavijɔ̃] nom masculin1. [maison particulière] detached house2. [belvédère, gloriette] lodge[dans une cité universitaire] house[dans une exposition] pavilionil travaille au pavillon de pédiatrie he works on the pediatric ward ou in the pediatric wing4. AUTOMOBILE roofpavillon (auriculaire) auricle, pinna[d'un phonographe] hornpavillon d'armateur ou de reconnaissance house flagpavillon de quarantaine quarantine flag, yellow jacka. (sens propre) to lower ou to strike one's flag————————en pavillon locution adjectivale -
9 zone
zone [zon]1. feminine noun• zone de haute/basse pression area of high/low pressure• dans cette affaire, des zones d'ombre subsistent encore some aspects of this business remain very unclear• c'est la zone ! it's the pits! (inf)• enlève ce bric-à-brac de ton jardin, ça fait zone (inf) get rid of that junk in your garden, it looks like a tip (inf)2. compounds► zone bleue ≈ restricted parking zone► zone de dépression or dépressionnaire trough of low pressure• passer/se réfugier en zone libre to enter/take refuge in the unoccupied zone ► zone de libre-échange free trade area► zone piétonne or piétonnière pedestrian precinct* * *zon1) ( secteur) zone, areazone interdite — no-go area GB, off-limits area; ( sur un panneau) no entry
3) ( banlieue pauvre)•Phrasal Verbs:* * *zon nf1) (= lieu) zone, area2) INFORMATIQUE field4) * (= désordre)* * *zone nf1 ( secteur) zone, area; zone de radiation/combat radiation/combat zone; zone de pêche fishing zone; zone de cultures agricultural area; zone de turbulences Météo area of turbulence; zone interdite no-go area GB, off-limits area; ( sur un panneau) no entry;zone d'activités business park; zone d'aménagement concerté, ZAC Admin integrated development zone; zone d'aménagement différé, ZAD Admin area set aside for development; zone artisanale small industrial estate GB ou park; zone bleue Aut restricted parking zone; zone de chalandise Admin, Comm catchment area; zone de données Ordinat data field; zone d'environnement protégé environmental protection zone; zone érogène Physiol erogenous zone; zone euro Euro Zone; zone d'exclusion aérienne Mil no-fly zone; zone franc Fin franc area; zone franche Écon free zone; zone frontière border area; zone industrielle industrial estate GB ou park US; zone d'influence Pol sphere ou area of influence; zone libre Hist unoccupied France; zone de libre-échange Écon free-trade area; zone monétaire Fin monetary area; zone occupée Hist occupied France; zone postale Postes postal area ou zone GB, zone of improved postage, ZIP US; zone sterling Fin sterling area; zone sensible lit potential trouble-spot; fig potential trouble area; zone sinistrée Admin disaster area; zone tampon Mil, Pol buffer zone; zone à urbaniser en priorité, ZUP priority development area.[zon] nom fémininzone de flou ou d'incertitude ou d'ombre grey area2. ANATOMIEzone d'aménagement concerté → link=ZAC ZACzone à urbaniser en priorité → link=ZUP ZUPADMINISTRATION & FINANCE4. HISTOIREzone libre/occupée unoccupied/occupied France5. GÉOGRAPHIEzone glaciale/tempérée/torride frigid/temperate/torrid zone6. MÉTÉOROLOGIEzone de dépression, zone dépressionnaire trough of low pressure8. FINANCE9. INFORMATIQUE10. MILITAIRE11. (péjoratif)a. (familier) [quartier pauvre] it's a really rough areab. [désordre] it's a real mess ou tipcette famille, c'est vraiment la zone they're real dropouts in that familyde deuxième zone locution adjectivalede troisième zone locution adjectivale1. The Paris area is divided into fare zones for public transport. Zones 1 and 2 cover metropolitan Paris and certain areas of the nearby suburbs. The remaining zones cover the outer suburbs: j'habite en zone 3, une carte orange quatre zones.2. France is divided into three zones (A, B and C), the schools in the different zones taking their mid-term breaks and Easter holidays at different times to avoid swamping the roads, the public transport system and tourist infrastructure. -
10 Soixante-huit
, or 68the milestone year in French life and politics in the second half of the 20th century, when protests by students and workers almost brought down the French government, and led to sweeping changes in French society. The events of 68 were inspired and led by the young generation of the time, wishing to break out of the rather stuffy and conventional society of the time. They coincided with, though initially took a different form to, the 'youth revolution' in Britain and the USA; but while the UK's youth revolution was essentially social and cultural, and led by pop music and op art, France's revolution was political and cultural, a protest against the weight of the Gaullist state.The events of May 68 started on the drab concrete campus of the sprawling university of Nanterre in the northern suburbs of Paris, and quickly spread to other universities, notably the Sorbonne. Student leaders, among them DanielCohn- Bendit and Alain Krivine, called for radical change and the end of the 'bourgeois state'; students erected barricades in the Latin Quarter, and were soon joined by workers, notably from the huge Renault plant at Boulogne Billancourt in the Paris suburbs. Though political, the movement sidelined all existing political parties, including the Communists, considered by the new left-wing as being an 'obsolete' political force.Faced with turmoil on the streets and a partial collapse of French society, President de Gaulle fled to Germany on 29th May, before returning and promising new elections. But by the time the elections took place, theGrenelle agreements had been negotiated with the trade unions, the heat had died down, and many French people had become seriously alarmed by the turn of events. In the June elections, the Gaullist majority was returned to power with an increased majority.The events nevertheless marked the beginning of the end for de Gaulle. In 1969 he organised a referendum on decentralisation, promising to step down if the referendum failed. To a certain extent, de Gaulle's vision of decentralisation was not that wanted by the voters; but in addition, the referendum became seen as a plebiscite on the Gaullist system, rather than on decentralisation. The referendum proposal was rejected by 52.4% of voters, and de Gaulle stepped down.It is certain that a new France, less hide-bound, more emancipated and more free, emerged in the aftermath of 68. Whether this would have happened anyway, and whether the means justified the end, are questions about which there is still considerable debate in France to this day.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Soixante-huit
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11 ZUP
largescale public housing projects ( grands ensembles) set up in France between 1959 and 1967, to cater for the rapidly increasing urban population. By the 1990s, the term ZUP had come to be used in the sense of problem estates or sink estates, though this was by no means always the case. While some ZUP, such as le Val-Fourré in the north-west suburbs of Paris, or les Minguettes, a development of 9200 apartments in the suburbs of Lyon, were truly problem estates, others had less problems. Many of the worst ZUPs have been partly or largely demolished and are in the process of renovation as more people-friendly environments. -
12 Boulogne-Billancourt
[bulɔɲbijɑ̃kur] nom propretown in the Paris suburbs, the site until recently of the state-run Renault car factory, well-known for its enlightened approach to labour relations -
13 Fresnes
[frɛn] nom propre -
14 Sarcelles
[sarsɛl] nom propretown in the Paris suburbs often associated with the social problems prevalent in highly developed suburban areas -
15 agglomération parisienne
Paris and its suburbs, greater Paris -
16 banlieue rouge
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17 beur
beur [bœʀ]1. masculine noun, feminine noun2. adjective[culture, musique] of second-generation North Africans living in France━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━Beur is the term used to refer to a person born in France of North African immigrant parents. It is not a racist term and is often used by the media, anti-racist groups and second-generation North Africans themselves. The word itself originally came from the « verlan » rendering of the word « arabe ». → VERLAN* * *(colloq) bœʀ nom masculin et féminin second-generation North African ( living in France)* * *bœʀ beur, -e; beur, -ette1. adjNorth African (by origin)2. nmf* * *beur○ nmf second-generation North African (living in France).ⓘ Beur A term in verlan derived from the French word arabe and which refers to the French-born children of North African immigrants. The jeunes beurs have been at the heart of anti-racist activity in recent years but equally at the centre of ethnic tensions in the suburbs of major French cities. ⇒ verlan[bɶr] adjectifBeur nom masculin et féminin -
18 ceinture
ceinture [sɛ̃tyʀ]1. feminine nouna. beltb. ( = taille) waist ; [de vêtement] waistbandc. [de métro, bus] petite/grande ceinture inner/outer circle2. compounds* * *sɛ̃tyʀ1) ( pour tenir) belt2) ( en couture) waistband3) ( gaine) girdle4) ( taille) waist6) ( ce qui entoure) ring•Phrasal Verbs:••faire ceinture — (colloq) to go without
* * *sɛ̃tyʀ nf1) (= accessoire vestimentaire) belt2) (= taille) waistau-dessous de la ceinture (coups, prises) — below the belt, (allusions, blagues, plaisanteries) saucy
3) (entourant une agglomération) ringautoroute de ceinture — ring road Grande-Bretagne beltway USA
de Petite Ceinture (chemin de fer, ligne de bus, réseau, autobus, ligne, voie) — inner-circle
4) fig* * *ceinture nf1 ( accessoire vestimentaire) belt; porter des clés à la ceinture to carry keys on one's belt; porter un couteau à la ceinture to wear a knife on one's belt;2 ( partie de vêtement) waistband;3 ( gaine) girdle;4 ( taille) waist; nu jusqu'à la ceinture stripped to the waist; avoir de l'eau jusqu'à la ceinture to be up to one's waist in water; coup en dessous de la ceinture blow below the belt; ne pas arriver à la ceinture de qn fig not to be in the same league as sb;6 ( ce qui entoure) ring; ceinture d'arbres/de feu/d'usines ring of trees/of fire/of factories; boulevard de ceinture ringroad, beltway US; chemin de fer de ceinture circle line; petite/grande ceinture ( de ville) inner/outer circle.ceinture de chasteté chastity belt; ceinture de flanelle flannel binder; ceinture de grossesse maternity girdle; ceinture herniaire truss; ceinture orthopédique surgical corset; ceinture pelvienne pelvic girdle; ceinture rouge ( banlieue) ring of communist suburbs around Paris; ceinture de sauvetage lifebelt; ceinture de sécurité Aut, Aviat safety ou seat belt; attacher or boucler sa ceinture (de sécurité) Aviat to fasten one's seat belt; Aut to fasten one's seat belt, to buckle up○ US; ceinture verte green belt.faire ceinture○ to go without; se serrer la ceinture to tighten one's belt.ⓘ Petite ceinture The inner ring road in Paris, and the circular bus service which runs along it.[sɛ̃tyr] nom féminin1. [vêtement en cuir, métal] belt[fine et tressée] cord[large et nouée] sash[gaine, corset] girdleceinture de sécurité seat ou safety belton a trop dépensé ces derniers temps, maintenant ceinture! (familier) we've been overspending lately, we're going to have to tighten our belts now[au judo et au karaté] beltelle est ceinture blanche/noire she is a white/black belt4. ZOOLOGIEceinture pelvienne/scapulaire pelvic/pectoral girdle5. MÉDECINE6. TRANSPORTSpetite/grande ceinture inner/outer circle -
19 câbler
kɑble1) ( connecter) to wire2) ( télégraphier) to cable* * *kɒble vt[endroit] to cableIls vont câbler 200.000 foyers en banlieue parisienne. — They are going to cable 200,000 households in the Paris suburbs.
* * *câbler verb table: aimer vtr1 ( connecter) to wire;2 TV to install cable television in [ville, pays]; la ville est câblée the town has cable television; foyer/immeuble câblé house/building with cable television;3 Ordinat to hardwire [instruction];4 ( télégraphier) to cable.[kable] verbe transitif[émission] to cable4. TÉLÉCOMMUNICATIONS [message] to cable -
20 en
en [ɑ̃]━━━━━━━━━1. preposition2. pronoun━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <a. (lieu: situation) in• vivre en France/Normandie to live in France/Normandy• il habite en banlieue/ville he lives in the suburbs/the town• il voyage en Grèce/Corse he's travelling around Greece/Corsicab. (lieu: mouvement) to• aller or partir en Angleterre/Normandie to go to England/Normandye. ( = chez) ce que j'aime en lui, c'est son courage what I like about him is his couragef. ( = habillé de) ing. (description, composition) in• c'est en quoi ? (inf) what's it made of?━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► En anglais, un nom en apposition remplace souvent l'adjectif pour décrire la matière dont quelque chose est fait.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► en + comparatif• c'est son frère en mieux he's like his brother, only betterh. ( = comme un) agir en tyran to act like a tyrant• en bon politicien, il... being the skilled politician he is, he...i. ( = dans le domaine de) en politique in politics• ce que je préfère en musique, c'est... what I like best in the way of music is...• diplôme en droit/histoire law/history degreek. ► en + participe présent• « non » dit-il en haussant les épaules "no", he said with a shrug━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque en exprime une cause, il est traduit par by.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• en disant cela, il s'est fait des ennemis he made enemies by saying that2. <a. (lieu) quand va-t-il à Nice ? -- il en revient when is he off to Nice? -- he's just come back• voulez-vous des pommes ? il y en a encore would you like some apples? there are still some leftd. (objet) rendez-moi mon stylo, j'en ai besoin give me back my pen - I need it• qu'est-ce que tu en feras ? what will you do with it (or them)?• tu en as eu de beaux jouets à Noël ! what lovely toys you got for Christmas!• c'est une bonne classe, les professeurs en sont contents they are a good class and the teachers are pleased with them• je t'en donne 100 € I'll give you 100 euros for ite. ► en être• où en est-il dans ses études ? how far has he got with his studies?• elle, mentir ? elle en est incapable she couldn't lie if she tried* * *œɛn* * *abr nf Éducation nationaleSee:* * *en ⇒ Note d'usageA prép1 ( lieu) ( où l'on est) in; ( où l'on va) to; ( mouvement vers l'intérieur) into; vivre en France/province/ville to live in France/the provinces/town; voyager en Chine to travel in China; aller en Allemagne to go to Germany; monter en voiture to get into a car; aller en ville to go into town; le train va entrer en gare the train is about to enter the station; se promener en ville to stroll around town;2 ( temps) ( époque) in; ( moment déterminé) in; ( en l'espace de) in; en hiver/1991 in winter/1991; je prendrai mes vacances en septembre I'm taking my vacation in September; il a fait ce travail en dix jours he completed the work in ten days; en semaine, il mange à la cantine during the week he eats in the canteen;3 ( moyens de transport) by; voyager en train/avion/voiture/bateau to travel by train ou rail/plane ou air/car/boat; je suis venu en taxi I came by taxi; aller à Marseille en avion/voiture to fly/to drive to Marseilles; nous avons fait un tour en barque we went out in a rowing-boat; descendre la rivière en aviron to row down the river;4 (manière, état) elle était tout en vert/blanc she was all in green/white; il est toujours en manteau/cravate he always wears a coat/tie; un ouvrage en vers/français/trois volumes a work in verse/French/three volumes; elle était très en forme/beauté she was looking very fit/beautiful;5 ( comme) ( en qualité de) as; ( de la même manière que) like; je vous parle en ami/connaisseur I'm speaking (to you) as a friend/connoisseur; j'ai eu ce livre en cadeau/récompense/souvenir I was given this book as a present/prize/souvenir; il nous considèrent en ennemis they see us as enemies; il me traite en ennemie he treats me like an enemy; agir en traître/dictateur to act like a traitor/dictator, to act in a treacherous/dictatorial way;6 ( transformation) into; ils se séparèrent en plusieurs groupes they broke up into several groups; traduire en anglais to translate into English; changer des euros en dollars to change euros into dollars;7 ( matière) made of; c'est en quoi? what is it made of?; c'est en or/plastique it's (made of) gold/plastic; c'est en bois it's made of wood, it's wooden; une montre en or a gold watch ; une veste en laine a woollenGB jacket; le cadre est en alliage the frame is alloy, it's an alloy frame;8 ( pour indiquer une variante) son fils, c'est lui en miniature his son is just like him only smaller, his son is a smaller version of him; je voudrais le même en plus grand I'd like the same only bigger; je voudrais la même en bleu I'd like the same in blue;9 (indique le domaine, la discipline) in; en politique/affaires il faut être rusé in politics/business you have to be clever; idée fondamentale en droit français fundamental idea in French law; en théorie, c'est exact in theory, it's correct; licencié en droit bachelor of law; docteur en médecine doctor of medicine; être bon en histoire to be good at history;10 (mesures, dimensions) in; compter en secondes/années to count in seconds/years; les draps se font en 90 et en 140 the sheets are available in single and double; le mur fait trois mètres en hauteur et six en longueur the wall is three metresGB high and six metresGB long; en profondeur, il y a assez d'espace pour la bibliothèque mais pas en hauteur the space is deep enough for the bookshelves but not high enough; en largeur, il y a la place pour une piscine mais pas en longueur widthwise, there's (enough) room for a swimming pool but not lengthwise.B pron1 ( le moyen) si les abricots sont abîmés, fais-en de la confiture if the apricots are bruised make jam with them; prends cette couverture et couvre-t'en take this blanket and cover yourself with it; il sortit son épée et l'en transperça he took out his sword and ran him through;2 ( la cause) ça l'a tellement bouleversé qu'il en est tombé malade it distressed him so much that he fell ill GB ou became sick US; il a eu un cancer et il en est mort he got cancer and died; elle a eu un accident de voiture et elle en est restée paralysée/infirme she had a car accident which left her paralysedGB/disabled;3 ○( emphatique) tu en as un beau chapeau! what a nice hat you've got!; eh bien! on s'en souviendra de ce dimanche! well, we won't forget this Sunday in a hurry!; je n'en veux pas de tes excuses○! I'm not interested in your excuses; et moi, je n'en ai pas des soucis, peut-être! do you think I haven't got worries too!; j'en connais qui seraient contents I know some who would be pleased.[ɑ̃] prépositionen 40 ans de carrière... in my 40 years in the job...B.[DANS L'ESPACE]1. [indiquant - la situation] in ; [ - la direction] tose promener en forêt/en ville to walk in the forest/around the town2. (figuré)en moi-même, j'avais toujours cet espoir deep down ou in my heart of hearts, I still had that hopeC.[INDIQUANT LE DOMAINE]1. [pour des connaissances]bon en latin/physique good at Latin/physics2. [dans une situation]en cela ou ce en quoi il n'a pas tort and I have to say he's right ou not wrong thereD.[INDIQUANT LA COMPOSITION] [pour des objets]chaise en bois/fer wooden/iron chairE.[INDIQUANT LA MANIÈRE, LE MOYEN]1. [marquant l'état, la forme, la manière]être en colère/en rage to be angry/in a rageen véritable ami, il m'a prévenu good friend that he is ou being a true friend, he warned meil était en pyjama he was in his pyjamas, he had his pyjamas onfaire quelque chose en cachette/en vitesse/en douceur to do something secretly/quickly/smoothlyune rue en pente a street on a slope ou a hill2. [introduisant une mesure] in3. [indiquant une transformation] into4. [marquant le moyen]en voiture/train by car/trainF.[AVEC LE GÉRONDIF]1. [indiquant la simultanéité]rien qu'en le voyant, elle se met en colère she gets angry just seeing him, the mere sight of him makes her angrytout en marchant, elles tentaient de trouver une réponse while walking ou as they walked, they tried to find an answer2. [indiquant la concession, l'opposition]en étant plus conciliant, il ne changeait toujours pas d'avis whilst ou although he was more conciliatory, he still wouldn't change his mind3. [indiquant la cause, le moyen, la manière]4. [introduisant une condition, une supposition] ifen prenant un cas concret, on voit que... if we take a concrete example, we can see that...en supposant que... supposing that...G.[INTRODUISANT LE COMPLÉMENT DU VERBE] incroire en quelqu'un/quelque chose to believe in somebody/something————————[ɑ̃] pronomA.[COMPLÉMENT DU VERBE]1. [indiquant le lieu]il faudra que tu ailles à la poste — j'en viens you'll have to go to the post office — I've just got back from ou just been there2. [indiquant la cause, l'agent]on en meurt you can die of ou from it3. [complément d'objet]voilà des fraises/du lait, donne-lui-en here are some strawberries/here's some milk, give him somesi tu n'aimes pas la viande/les olives, n'en mange pas if you don't like meat/olives, don't eat anytous les invités ne sont pas arrivés, il en manque deux all the guests haven't arrived yet, two are missingtu en as acheté beaucoup you've bought a lot (of it/of them)4. [avec une valeur emphatique]tu en as de la chance! you really are lucky, you are!5. [complément d'objet indirect] about it6. [comme attribut]B.[EN COMPLÉMENT]1. [du nom ou du pronom]2. [de l'adjectif]sa maison en est pleine his house is full of it/themC.[LOCUTIONS] [locutions verbales]s'en prendre à quelqu'un to blame ou to attack somebodyil n'en croit pas ses oreilles/yeux he can't believe his ears/eyes
См. также в других словарях:
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