-
61 latifondo
* * *[lati'fondo]sostantivo maschile large landed estate* * *latifondo/lati'fondo/sostantivo m.large landed estate. -
62 riserva
f reserve( scorta) stock, reservefig reservationmotoring essere in riserva be running out of fuelfondo m di riserva reserve stockavere delle riserve pl su qualcosa have reservations about somethingsenza riserve without reservation, wholeheartedlyriserva naturale nature reservefare riserva di stock up on* * *riserva s.f.1 ( scorta) reserve (anche fig.); supply, stock: riserva di farina, stock of flour; merci in riserva, goods in stock; le nostre riserve di grano si stanno esaurendo, our wheat supplies are running out; avere in riserva, to have in reserve (anche fig.); ho una buona riserva di argomenti, energia, I have a good store of arguments, energy // (aut.): la riserva di benzina, emergency (o reserve) supply of petrol; l'auto è in riserva, the car is (very) low on petrol; con la riserva faccio ancora 25 km, I'll be able to do another 25 km with the emergency supply // (ind. miner.): riserva mineraria, ore reserve; riserve a vista, misurate, developed reserves // (inform.): di riserva, backup: elaboratore di riserva, backup computer; attrezzatura di riserva, backup facilities // (econ.): riserve generali, general reserves; riserve sociali, corporate reserves; riserva occulta, hidden (o secret) reserve; riserva straordinaria, extraordinary (o surplus) reserve; riserva di ammortamento, depreciation reserve; riserva statutaria, statutory reserve; riserve ufficiali, official reserves (o reserve assets); prezzo di riserva, reservation price // (fin.): riserva monetaria, aurea, monetary, gold reserve; riserva metallica, metallic reserve; riserve valutarie, exchange reserves; fondo di riserva, reserve fund // (banca): riserva bancaria, bank reserve; riserva obbligatoria, legal bank reserve (o required reserve); riserve facoltative, libere, optional (o free) reserves // ( assicurazioni): riserva matematica, mean (o actuarial) reserve; riserva sinistri, reserve against unsettled claims2 ( restrizione) reserve, reservation: con le debite riserve, with due reservation; senza riserve, without reserve (o reservation); su di lui ho qualche riserva, I have some reservations about him; accetto con qualche riserva, I accept with some reservations; fare qualche riserva, to make some reservations (o conditions) // (dir.) riserva di legge, saving clause, ( nel diritto penale) prohibition of common law crimes (o legislature's exclusive power to create crimes); pagamento con riserva, payment under protest; vendita con riserva di gradimento, sale on approval (o on trial) // con riserva di tutti i diritti, all rights reserved // riserva mentale, mental reservation3 (mil., sport) reserve: (mil.) truppe di riserva, reserves (o supporting troops); (mil.) chiamare la riserva, to call up reserves4 ( terreno riservato) reserve; (di caccia, pesca) (game) reserve, (game) preserve: (ecol.) riserva naturale, nature (o wildlife) reserve (o wild park); riserva di fauna protetta, (wildlife) sanctuary; ha una vasta riserva, he has a large game preserve; cacciare in riserva, to shoot over a preserve // le riserve indiane del Nord-America, the Indian reservations of North America5 (tecn.) reserve; ( sostanza applicata alle parti da riservare) resist: un medaglione d'oro smaltato con un fiore inciso in riserva, a gold enamelled medallion with a flower engraved in reserve; un tessuto tinto a strisce con le riserve ricamate, a stripe dyed fabric with embroidered reserves.* * *[ri'sɛrva]sostantivo femminile1) (scorta) reserve, standby, supply, stockdi riserva — [ chiave] spare
2) (limitazione, incertezza) reserve, reservation, qualificationcon riserva — [ accettare] conditionally
avere delle -e su qcs. — to have reservations about sth.
3) (territorio protetto) reserve, sanctuaryriserva di caccia — game reserve o preserve
riserva naturale — nature reserve, wildlife reserve o park o sanctuary
4) mil. reserve5) aut.essere in riserva — to be low o short on petrol BE o gas AE
6) sport reserve (player), substitute (player), second string7) enol. reserveriserva 1990 — 1990 reserve o vintage
* * *riserva/ri'sεrva/sostantivo f.1 (scorta) reserve, standby, supply, stock; - e petrolifere oil reserves; riserva aurea gold reserve; di riserva [ chiave] spare; ho una batteria di riserva I have an extra battery2 (limitazione, incertezza) reserve, reservation, qualification; senza -e [ accettare] without reservation o reserve; [ sostegno] unquestioning, unreserved; con riserva [ accettare] conditionally; avere delle -e su qcs. to have reservations about sth.; riserva mentale mental reservation3 (territorio protetto) reserve, sanctuary; riserva di caccia game reserve o preserve; riserva naturale nature reserve, wildlife reserve o park o sanctuary; riserva indiana Indian reservation4 mil. reserve6 sport reserve (player), substitute (player), second string -
63 eco sm o f
['ɛko]fare eco a qc/qn — to echo sth/sb
suscitò o ebbe una vasta eco — it caused a considerable stir
-
64 gamma d'onda
-
65 risonanza sf
[riso'nantsa]Fis resonance, (fig : eco) interestaver vasta risonanza — (fatto, vicenda) to be known far and wide
-
66 sperdere
sperdere v.tr. (rar.)2 ( smarrire) to lose*.◘ sperdersi v.intr.pron. ( smarrirsi) to lose* oneself, to get* lost, to go* astray (anche fig.): sperdere nel bosco, to get lost in the woods; è una materia così vasta che ci si sperde, it's such a vast subject that you get lost in it. -
67 eco o f
sm ['ɛko]fare eco a qc/qn — to echo sth/sb
suscitò o ebbe una vasta eco — it caused a considerable stir
-
68 gamma d'onda
-
69 risonanza
sf [riso'nantsa]Fis resonance, (fig : eco) interestaver vasta risonanza — (fatto, vicenda) to be known far and wide
-
70 vastamente
avv [vasta'mente] -
71 aes
aes, aeris (often used in plur. nom. and acc.; abl. aeribus, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 27 Müll., and Lucr. 2, 636; gen. AERVM, Inscr. Orell. 3551), n. [cf. Germ. Eisen = iron, Erz = copper; Goth. aiz = copper, gold; Angl.Sax. ar, ær = ore, copper, brass; Eng. iron, ore; Lat. aurum; with the com. notion of brightness; cf. aurora, etc.].I.Any crude metal dug out of the earth, except gold and silver; esp.,a.Aes Cyprium, whence cuprum, copper: scoria aeris, copper dross or scoria, Plin. 34, 11, 24, § 107:b.aeris flos,
flowers of copper, id. 34, 11, 24, § 107:squama aeris,
scales of copper, Cels. 2, 12 init.:aes fundere,
Plin. 33, 5, 30, § 94:conflare et temperare,
id. 7, 56, 57, § 197:India neque aes neque plumbum habet,
id. 34, 17, 48, § 163:aurum et argentum et aes,
Vulg. Ex. 25, 3.—An alloy, for the most part of copper and tin, bronze (brass, an alloy of copper and zinc, was hardly known to the ancients. For their bronze coins the Greeks adhered to copper and tin till B.C. 400, after which they added lead. Silver is rare in Greek bronze coins. The Romans admitted lead into their bronze coins, but gradually reduced the quantity, and, under Calig., Nero, Vesp., and Domit., issued pure copper coins, and then reverted to the mixture of lead. In the bronze mirrors now existing, which are nearly all Etruscan, silver predominated to give a highly reflecting surface. The antique bronze had about 87 parts of copper to 13 of tin. An analysis of several objects has given the following centesimal parts: statua ex aere, Cic. Phil. 9, 6:II.simulacrum ex aere factum,
Plin. 34, 4, 9, § 15:valvas ex aere factitavere,
id. 34, 3, 7, § 13.—Hence:ducere aliquem ex aere,
to cast one's image in bronze, id. 7, 37, 38, § 125; and in the same sense poet.:ducere aera,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240:aes Corinthium,
Plin. 34, 2, 3, §§ 5-8; v. Corinthius.—Meton.A.(Esp. in the poets.) For everything made or prepared from copper, bronze, etc. ( statues, tables of laws, money), and (as the ancients had the art of hardening and tempering copper and bronze) weapons, armor, utensils of husbandry: aes sonit, franguntur hastae, the trumpet sounds, Enn. ap. Non. 504, 32 (Trag. v. 213 Vahl.):B.Et prior aeris erat quam ferri cognitus usus: Aere solum terrae tractabant, aereque belli Miscebant fluctus et vulnera vasta serebant, etc.,
Lucr. 5, 1287:quae ille in aes incidit, in quo populi jussa perpetuasque leges esse voluit,
Cic. Phil. 1, 17; cf. id. Fam. 12, 1; Tac. A. 11, 14; 12, 53; id. H. 4, 40: aere ( with the trumpet, horn) ciere viros, Verg. A. 6, 165:non tuba directi, non aeris cornua flexi,
Ov. M. 1, 98 (hence also rectum aes, the tuba, in contr. with the crooked buccina, Juv. 2, 118); a brazen prow, Verg. A. 1, 35; the brazen age, Hor. Epod. 16, 64.—In plur.: aera, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 27 Müll.; Verg. A. 2, 734; Hor. C. 4, 8, 2 al.—Money: the first Roman money consisted of small rude masses of copper, called aes rude, Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43; afterwards as coined:1.aes signatum,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43;so aes alone: si aes habent, dant mercem,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 49:ancilla aere suo empta,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 26: aes circumforaneum. borrowed from the brokers in the forum, Cic. Att. 2, 1: Hic meret aera liber Sosiis, earns them money, Hor. A. P. [p. 61] 345:gravis aere dextra,
Verg. E. 1, 36:effusum est aes tuum,
Vulg. Ez. 16, 36:neque in zona aes (tollerent),
ib. Maarc. 6, 8:etiam aureos nummos aes dicimus,
Dig. 50, 16, 159.—Hence,Aes alienum, lit. the money of another; hence, in reference to him who has it, the sum owed, a debt, Plaut. Curc. 3, 1, 2:2.habere aes alienum,
Cic. Fam. 5, 6:aes alienum amicorum suscipere,
to take upon one's self, id. Off. 2, 16:contrahere,
to run up, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:facere,
id. Att. 13, 46:conflare,
Sall. C. 14, 2; 24, 3:in aes alienum incidere,
to fall into debt, Cic. Cat. 2, 9:in aere alieno esse,
to be in debt, id. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 6; so,aere alieno oppressum esse,
id. Font. 1; so Vulg. 1 Reg. 22, 2:laborare ex aere alieno,
Caes. B. C. 3, 22:liberare se aere alieno,
to get quit of, Cic. Att. 6, 2; so,aes alienum dissolvere,
id. Sull. 56:aere alieno exire,
to get out of, id. Phil. 11, 6.—In aere meo est, trop., he is, as it were, among my effects, he is my friend (only in the language of common conversation):* 3.in animo habui te in aere meo esse propter Lamiae nostri conjunctionem,
Cic. Fam. 13, 62; 15, 14.—Alicujus aeris esse, to be of some value, Gell. 18, 5.—* 4.In aere suo censeri, to be esteemed according to its own worth, Sen. Ep. 87.—C.Sometimes = as, the unit of the standard of money (cf. as); hence, aes grave, the old heary money (as weighed, not counted out):D.denis milibus aeris gravis reos condemnavit,
Liv. 5, 12:indicibus dena milia aeris gravis, quae tum divitiae habebantur, data,
id. 4, 60; so, aes alone and in the gen. sing., instead of assium:aeris miliens, triciens,
a hundred millions, three millions, Cic. Rep. 3, 10:qui milibus aeris quinquaginta census fuisset,
Liv. 24, 11.—Also for coins that are smaller than an as (quadrans, triens, etc.):nec pueri credunt, nisi qui nondum aere, i. e. quadrante, lavantur (those who bathed paid each a quadrans),
Juv. 2, 152 (cf.:dum tu quadrante lavatum Rex ibis,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 137).—Wages, pay.1.A soldier's pay = stipendium:2.negabant danda esse aera militibus,
Liv. 5, 4. And soon after: annua aera habes: annuam operam ede.— Hence in plur., = stipendia, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 33.—Reward, payment, in gen., Juv. 6, 125: nullum in bonis numero, quod ad aes exit, that has in view or aims at pay, reward, Sen. Ep. 88.—E.In plur.: aera, counters; hence also the items of a computed sum (for which, later, a sing. form aera, ae (q. v.), came into use): si aera singula probāsti, summam, quae ex his confecta sit, non probare? Cic. ap. Non. 3, 18. -
72 belua
bēlŭa (not bellŭa), ae, f. (belua, dissyl., Varr. ap. Non. p. 201, 26) [perh. kindr. with thêr, fera, as uber with outhar, and paulus with pauros], a beast distinguished for size or ferocity, a monster (as an elephant, lion, wild boar, whale, etc.; cf.:* Lucr.bestia, fera): elephanto beluarum nulla prudentior,
Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97; id. Fam. 7, 1, 3; Curt. 8, 9, 29:ea genera beluarum, quae in Rubro Mari Indiāve gignantur,
Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97:singulas stellas numeras deos, eosque beluarum nomine appellas,
id. ib. 3, 16, [p. 229] 40; cf.4, 143:B.fera et immanis,
Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 108:vasta et immanis,
id. Div. 1, 24, 49:saeva,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 22:ingens,
id. S. 2, 3, 316:centiceps,
id. C. 2, 13, 34 al. —Esp. freq., kat exochên, the elephant, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 25 Ruhnk.:II.jam beluarum terror exoleverat,
Flor. 1, 18, 9; cf. Graev. ib. 2, 6, 49; Sil. 11, 543:quis (gladiis) appetebant beluarum manus,
Curt. 8, 14, 33 al. —Hence with the epithets, Inda, Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 7:Gaetula,
Juv. 10, 158.—Sometimes, in gen., a beast, animal (even of small and tame animals):III.quo quidem agno sat scio magis curiosam nusquam esse ullam beluam,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 26.— The lower animals, as distinguished from man:quantum natura hominis pecudibus reliquisque beluis antecedat,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105; 2, 5, 16 and 17; id. N. D. 2, 39, 99; 2, 47, 122.—Trop.A.As a term of reproach, beast, brute (class.), Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 112; id. Most. 3, 1, 78; id. Rud. 2, 6, 59:B.age nunc, belua, Credis huic quod dicat?
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 37; id. Phorm. 4, 2, 11:sed quid ego hospitii jura in hac immani beluā commemoro?
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 109:beluae quaedam illae immanes ac ferae, forma hominum indutae, exstiterunt,
id. Sull. 27, 76; id. Pis. 1, 1; id. Phil. 8, 4, 13; id. Leg. 3, 9, 22; id. Off. 3, 6, 32; Liv. 7, 10, 3. —Of abstract objects:quod, ut feram et inmanem beluam, sic ex animis nostris adsensionem extraxisset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 108:amicos increpans, ut ignaros, quanta belua esset imperium,
Suet. Tib. 24:avaritia, belua fera,
Sall. Rep. Ordin. 2, 54 (p. 274 Gerl.). -
73 Bestia
1.bestĭa, ae, f. [perh. akin to fera and to belua], a beast (as a being without reason; opp. to man; while animal, = aliving being, includes man; bestia includes both fera, the beast as distinguished by fierceness, and belua, as distinguished by its size or ferocity; cf. Doed. Syn. 4, p. 290 sq.).I.Lit.A.In gen. (in the classical per. mostly in prose;2.esp. freq. in Cic., who uses it in its most extended signif., of every kind of living creature excepting man): disserens, neque in homine inesse animum vel animam nec in bestiā,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 21; 5, 13, 38; id. N. D. 2, 11, 31; id. Agr. 2, 4, 9:quod si hoc apparet in bestiis volucribus, nantibus, agrestibus, cicuribus, feris... quanto id magis in homine fit natura, etc.,
id. Lael. 21, 81; id. N. D. 2, 48, 124.—So of the serpent, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 75.—Of the crocodile and other amphibious animals, Cic. l. l.—Of the dog, Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56. —Of the elephant (for the more usual belua), Liv. 33, 9, 7.—Of the ass, Suet. Aug. 96.—Of a caterpillar, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 62.—Of the ostrich: sequitur natura avium, quarum grandissimi et paene bestiarum generis struthiocameli,
Plin. 10, 1, 1, § 1; cf. Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 6; 9, 1, 1, § 10.—With muta, Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 71; Liv. 7, 4, 6 (cf. mutae pecudes, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 8, 24).—And for the designation of a wild animal, with fera:vinctum ante se Thyum agebat, ut si feram bestiam captam duceret,
Nep. Dat. 3, 2 Dähne; Liv. 26, 13, 12; 26, 27, 12; Auct. Her. 2, 19, 29; Just. Inst. 2, 1, 12 sq.—As a term of reproach (cf. belua and our beast):B.mala tu es bestia,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 21; id. Poen. 5, 5, 13.—And, humorously, of the odor of the armpits (cf. ala and caper), Cat. 69, 8.—Esp., when the contest with animals became more usual in the public spectacles at Rome (not yet customary A.U.C. 583, B.C. 171, Liv. 44, 9, 4), bestia designated, without the addition of fera, a wild beast destined to fight with gladiators or criminals (v. bestiarius;II.usually lions, tigers, panthers, etc.).—Hence, ad bestias mittere aliquem,
to send one to fight with wild beasts, Cic. Pis. 36, 89; so, bestiis obioere aliquem, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3:condemnare aliquem ad bestias,
Suet. Calig. 27; id. Claud. 14:dare aliquem ad bestias,
Dig. 48, 8, 11; Gell. 5, 14, 27:ad pugnam bestiarum datus, Gell. l. l. § 10: tradere aliquem ad bestias depugnandas, Dig. l. l.: bestiarum damnatio,
the condemnation to fight with wild beasts, ib. 48, 13, 6 al. —Hence the expl.:bestiarum vocabulum proprie convenit leonibus, pardis et lupis, tigribus et vulpibus, canibus et simiis ac ceteris, quae vel ore vel unguibus saeviunt, exceptis serpentibus,
Isid. Orig. 12, 2, 1 (but cf. supra, 1.).—Transf., as a constellation, the wotf, Vitr. 9, 4 (7) (called by Cic. Arat. 211 or 455, Quadrupes vasta).2.Bestĭa, ae, m., a cognomen in the Calpurnian family.I.The consul L. Calpurnius Bestia, Sall. J. 27, 4 al.; Flor. 3, 1, 7.—II.The tribune of the people L. Bestia, Cic. Brut. 34, 128; id. de Or. 2, 70, 283.—III.Another tribune of the people, L. Bestia, a confederate of Catiline, Sall. C. 17, 3; 43, 1. -
74 bestia
1.bestĭa, ae, f. [perh. akin to fera and to belua], a beast (as a being without reason; opp. to man; while animal, = aliving being, includes man; bestia includes both fera, the beast as distinguished by fierceness, and belua, as distinguished by its size or ferocity; cf. Doed. Syn. 4, p. 290 sq.).I.Lit.A.In gen. (in the classical per. mostly in prose;2.esp. freq. in Cic., who uses it in its most extended signif., of every kind of living creature excepting man): disserens, neque in homine inesse animum vel animam nec in bestiā,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 21; 5, 13, 38; id. N. D. 2, 11, 31; id. Agr. 2, 4, 9:quod si hoc apparet in bestiis volucribus, nantibus, agrestibus, cicuribus, feris... quanto id magis in homine fit natura, etc.,
id. Lael. 21, 81; id. N. D. 2, 48, 124.—So of the serpent, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 75.—Of the crocodile and other amphibious animals, Cic. l. l.—Of the dog, Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56. —Of the elephant (for the more usual belua), Liv. 33, 9, 7.—Of the ass, Suet. Aug. 96.—Of a caterpillar, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 62.—Of the ostrich: sequitur natura avium, quarum grandissimi et paene bestiarum generis struthiocameli,
Plin. 10, 1, 1, § 1; cf. Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 6; 9, 1, 1, § 10.—With muta, Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 71; Liv. 7, 4, 6 (cf. mutae pecudes, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 8, 24).—And for the designation of a wild animal, with fera:vinctum ante se Thyum agebat, ut si feram bestiam captam duceret,
Nep. Dat. 3, 2 Dähne; Liv. 26, 13, 12; 26, 27, 12; Auct. Her. 2, 19, 29; Just. Inst. 2, 1, 12 sq.—As a term of reproach (cf. belua and our beast):B.mala tu es bestia,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 21; id. Poen. 5, 5, 13.—And, humorously, of the odor of the armpits (cf. ala and caper), Cat. 69, 8.—Esp., when the contest with animals became more usual in the public spectacles at Rome (not yet customary A.U.C. 583, B.C. 171, Liv. 44, 9, 4), bestia designated, without the addition of fera, a wild beast destined to fight with gladiators or criminals (v. bestiarius;II.usually lions, tigers, panthers, etc.).—Hence, ad bestias mittere aliquem,
to send one to fight with wild beasts, Cic. Pis. 36, 89; so, bestiis obioere aliquem, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3:condemnare aliquem ad bestias,
Suet. Calig. 27; id. Claud. 14:dare aliquem ad bestias,
Dig. 48, 8, 11; Gell. 5, 14, 27:ad pugnam bestiarum datus, Gell. l. l. § 10: tradere aliquem ad bestias depugnandas, Dig. l. l.: bestiarum damnatio,
the condemnation to fight with wild beasts, ib. 48, 13, 6 al. —Hence the expl.:bestiarum vocabulum proprie convenit leonibus, pardis et lupis, tigribus et vulpibus, canibus et simiis ac ceteris, quae vel ore vel unguibus saeviunt, exceptis serpentibus,
Isid. Orig. 12, 2, 1 (but cf. supra, 1.).—Transf., as a constellation, the wotf, Vitr. 9, 4 (7) (called by Cic. Arat. 211 or 455, Quadrupes vasta).2.Bestĭa, ae, m., a cognomen in the Calpurnian family.I.The consul L. Calpurnius Bestia, Sall. J. 27, 4 al.; Flor. 3, 1, 7.—II.The tribune of the people L. Bestia, Cic. Brut. 34, 128; id. de Or. 2, 70, 283.—III.Another tribune of the people, L. Bestia, a confederate of Catiline, Sall. C. 17, 3; 43, 1. -
75 Charybdis
Chărybdis, is, f., = Charubdis, a dangerous whirlpool between Italy and Sicily, opposite to Scylla, now Calofaro; personified, a monstrous female being, Mel. 2, 7, 14; Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:II.vasta,
Lucr. 1, 723; Cat. 64, 156; Prop. 2 (3), 26, 54:implacata,
Verg. A. 3, 420:Austro agitata,
Ov. M. 8, 121:irrequieta,
id. ib. 13, 730; acc. Charybdin, Hor. A. P. 145; Ov. M. 14, 75; so Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 67:Charybdim,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 146 Zumpt N. cr.; abl. Charybdi, Hor. C. 1, 27, 19; Juv. 15, 17.—Trop., any thing dangerous or destructive, Hor. C. 1, 27, 19:sanguinis,
Prud. Cath. 6, 107:Charybdim bonorum voraginem potius (dixerim),
Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 163. -
76 concussio
concussĭo, ōnis, f. [id.] (post-Aug.), a shaking, concussion.I.In gen.:II.vasorum,
Col. 9, 14 fin.:assidua facium,
Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 11:vasta concussio quae duas suppressit urbes,
an earthquake, Sen. Q. N. 6, 25, 4.—In jurid. Lat., an extortion of money by means of threats, Dig. 47, 13: de concussione, several times; also Tert. ad Scap. 4 sq. -
77 congeria
congĕrĭes, ēi ( congĕrĭa, ae, Front. Colon. p. 11, 119 and 125 Goes.; Innoc. Cas. Litt. p. 224 ib.), f. [congero], that which is brought together; hence, a heap, pile, mass (not ante-Aug.; while the syn. acervus is prevalent through all periods).I.Lit.(α).With gen.:(β).lapidum,
Liv. 31, 39, 8:summa silvae,
Ov. M. 9, 235; cf.struis,
Plin. 16, 11, 22, § 53; and:ramorum et fruticum,
id. 8, 36, 54, § 127:cadaverum,
Val. Fl. 6, 511; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 318:densa grani,
id. 13, 15, 30, § 97:armorum,
Tac. A. 2, 22:vasta metalli,
Claud. in Rufin. 2, 135:alta sordium,
Gell. 2, 6 fin.:pulveris exigui,
Luc. 8, 866 sq. —Absol.:II.dispositam Congeriem secuit,
i. e. chaos, Ov. M. 1, 33; cf. Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 10.—So of a heap of wood, wood-pile, funeral-pile, Ov. M. 14, 576; Quint. 5, 13, 13; Claud. Idyll. 1, 93.—Trop.A.In gen.:B.venit aetas omnis in unam congeriem,
Luc. 5, 178:sincera bonorum,
Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 136. —In rhet., a figure of speech, accumulation; Gr. sunathroismos, Quint. 8, 4, 3; 8, 4, 26 sq. -
78 congeries
congĕrĭes, ēi ( congĕrĭa, ae, Front. Colon. p. 11, 119 and 125 Goes.; Innoc. Cas. Litt. p. 224 ib.), f. [congero], that which is brought together; hence, a heap, pile, mass (not ante-Aug.; while the syn. acervus is prevalent through all periods).I.Lit.(α).With gen.:(β).lapidum,
Liv. 31, 39, 8:summa silvae,
Ov. M. 9, 235; cf.struis,
Plin. 16, 11, 22, § 53; and:ramorum et fruticum,
id. 8, 36, 54, § 127:cadaverum,
Val. Fl. 6, 511; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 318:densa grani,
id. 13, 15, 30, § 97:armorum,
Tac. A. 2, 22:vasta metalli,
Claud. in Rufin. 2, 135:alta sordium,
Gell. 2, 6 fin.:pulveris exigui,
Luc. 8, 866 sq. —Absol.:II.dispositam Congeriem secuit,
i. e. chaos, Ov. M. 1, 33; cf. Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 10.—So of a heap of wood, wood-pile, funeral-pile, Ov. M. 14, 576; Quint. 5, 13, 13; Claud. Idyll. 1, 93.—Trop.A.In gen.:B.venit aetas omnis in unam congeriem,
Luc. 5, 178:sincera bonorum,
Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 136. —In rhet., a figure of speech, accumulation; Gr. sunathroismos, Quint. 8, 4, 3; 8, 4, 26 sq. -
79 convello
con-vello, velli (convulsi, Sen. Q. N. 2, 6, 4), vulsum (volsum), 3, v. a.I.To draw violently hither and thither something that is firm or quiet (esp. a tree, house, and the like); hence, to tear up, wrest from its position, to tear loose or away, to separate from, pull or pluck up (freq. and class.).A.Lit.1.In gen.(α).Without designation of place from which, etc.:(β).cum praecides caveto ne librum convellas,
Cato, R. R. 40, 2:saxa turris hostium, quibus fundamenta continebantur,
Caes. B. C. 2, 11; cf. Hirt. B. G. 8, 26 fin.;and, fundamenta,
Lucr. 4, 506:cum gradus Castoris convellisti ac removisti,
Cic. Dom. 21, 54:aesculum,
Verg. G. 2, 294:convellere repagula, effringere valvas,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:limina tectorum,
Verg. A. 2, 507; Luc. 3, 528:artus,
Lucr. 3, 344;so of the rack: omnia (membra) laniata, omnes partes convulsae sunt,
Sen. Contr. 2, 13, 5:convolsis laceratisque membris,
id. ib. § 6; cf.armos,
to wrench, dislocate, Col. 6, 16, 1:teneros fetus,
i. e. to produce abortion, Ov. Am. 2, 14, 5.—With designation of place from or out of which, etc.:(γ).simulacrum Cereris e sacrario convellendum auferendumque curavit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 187; cf. id. ib. §186: me ex nostris hortulis,
id. Leg. 1, 21, 55:viridem silvam ab humo,
Verg. A. 3, 24:funem ab terrā,
id. G. 1, 457:(turrim) convellimus altis sedibus,
id. A. 2, 464:robora suā terrā,
Ov. M. 7, 204:Roma prope convulsa sedibus suis,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52:domus convulsa sedibus suis,
Plin. Ep. 9, 19, 8:aspera undique nisu,
Val. Fl. 5, 159.—Absol.:2.haeserunt radice pedes. Convellere pugnat,
Ov. M. 9, 351.—Milit. t. t.: signa, to pluck up the standards from the ground, to decamp (rare), Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77; Liv. 22, 3, 12; cf.b.vexilla,
Tac. A. 1, 20.—Medic. t. t.: convulsus ( - volsus), a, um, suffering from wrenching of a limb, Plin. 25, 8, 54, § 98; cf. id. 20, 5, 18, § 36; 20, 17, 69, § 178; or from convulsions, spasmodic, convulsive:B.latus,
Suet. Tib. 72:fauces,
Quint. 11, 3, 20.—Trop., to cause to totter, to shake, to destroy, overthrow, bring to naught (syn.: labefacto, commoveo, commuto, infirmo;II.esp. freq. in Cic.): est boni consulis, cum cuncta auxilia rei publicae labefactari convellique videat, ferre opëm patriae,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3;so with labefactare: cogitationem,
id. Fam. 5, 13, 2 Manut.; cf. id. Clu. 2, 6:rei publicae statum,
id. Pis. 2, 4:ea quae non possint commoveri,
id. de Or. 2, 51, 205:haec si tenemus, quae mihi quidem non videntur posse convelli,
id. Div. 1, 51, 117:judicia, stipulationes, etc. (with infirmare),
id. Caecin. 18, 51:convellere et commutare instituta omnium,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:acta Dolabellae,
id. Phil. 2, 33, 83:rem publicam judicio aliquo,
id. Brut. 30, 115:gratiam Caesaris,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:vires aegri,
Cels. 3, 4, 14; cf. id. ib. §11: fidem legionum promissis,
Tac. H. 4, 30 fin.:caede Messalinae convulsa principis domus,
id. A. 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 12, 65;4, 40: Tiberius vi dominationis convulsus ( = abalienatus ab honestate) et mutatus,
id. ib. 6, 48:fata,
Ov. H. 16, 41:secutae sunt duae (epistulae), quae me convellerunt de pristino statu, jam tamen labantem,
Cic. Att. 8, 15, 2.—To tear or rend to pieces, to cleave, dismember, shatter, break (perh. first in the poets of the Aug. per.).A.Lit.:B.dapes avido dente,
Ov. M. 11, 123: glaebam vomere, * Cat. 64, 40:dehiscit Convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor,
Verg. A. 5, 143; 8, 690:loca vi quondam et vastā convolsa ruinā,
id. ib. 3, 414:septem (naves) convolsae undis Euroque supersunt,
shattered, id. ib. 1, 383; cf. Luc. 3, 528:convulsi laniatique centuriones,
Tac. A. 1, 32:domum,
id. ib. 6, 40.—Trop.1.Of words, to mutilate, mispronounce:2.magno cursu verba convellere,
Sen. Ep. 40, 2.—To afflict, torture:verbis convellere pectus,
Ov. H. 17, 111. -
80 convolsus
con-vello, velli (convulsi, Sen. Q. N. 2, 6, 4), vulsum (volsum), 3, v. a.I.To draw violently hither and thither something that is firm or quiet (esp. a tree, house, and the like); hence, to tear up, wrest from its position, to tear loose or away, to separate from, pull or pluck up (freq. and class.).A.Lit.1.In gen.(α).Without designation of place from which, etc.:(β).cum praecides caveto ne librum convellas,
Cato, R. R. 40, 2:saxa turris hostium, quibus fundamenta continebantur,
Caes. B. C. 2, 11; cf. Hirt. B. G. 8, 26 fin.;and, fundamenta,
Lucr. 4, 506:cum gradus Castoris convellisti ac removisti,
Cic. Dom. 21, 54:aesculum,
Verg. G. 2, 294:convellere repagula, effringere valvas,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:limina tectorum,
Verg. A. 2, 507; Luc. 3, 528:artus,
Lucr. 3, 344;so of the rack: omnia (membra) laniata, omnes partes convulsae sunt,
Sen. Contr. 2, 13, 5:convolsis laceratisque membris,
id. ib. § 6; cf.armos,
to wrench, dislocate, Col. 6, 16, 1:teneros fetus,
i. e. to produce abortion, Ov. Am. 2, 14, 5.—With designation of place from or out of which, etc.:(γ).simulacrum Cereris e sacrario convellendum auferendumque curavit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 187; cf. id. ib. §186: me ex nostris hortulis,
id. Leg. 1, 21, 55:viridem silvam ab humo,
Verg. A. 3, 24:funem ab terrā,
id. G. 1, 457:(turrim) convellimus altis sedibus,
id. A. 2, 464:robora suā terrā,
Ov. M. 7, 204:Roma prope convulsa sedibus suis,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52:domus convulsa sedibus suis,
Plin. Ep. 9, 19, 8:aspera undique nisu,
Val. Fl. 5, 159.—Absol.:2.haeserunt radice pedes. Convellere pugnat,
Ov. M. 9, 351.—Milit. t. t.: signa, to pluck up the standards from the ground, to decamp (rare), Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77; Liv. 22, 3, 12; cf.b.vexilla,
Tac. A. 1, 20.—Medic. t. t.: convulsus ( - volsus), a, um, suffering from wrenching of a limb, Plin. 25, 8, 54, § 98; cf. id. 20, 5, 18, § 36; 20, 17, 69, § 178; or from convulsions, spasmodic, convulsive:B.latus,
Suet. Tib. 72:fauces,
Quint. 11, 3, 20.—Trop., to cause to totter, to shake, to destroy, overthrow, bring to naught (syn.: labefacto, commoveo, commuto, infirmo;II.esp. freq. in Cic.): est boni consulis, cum cuncta auxilia rei publicae labefactari convellique videat, ferre opëm patriae,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3;so with labefactare: cogitationem,
id. Fam. 5, 13, 2 Manut.; cf. id. Clu. 2, 6:rei publicae statum,
id. Pis. 2, 4:ea quae non possint commoveri,
id. de Or. 2, 51, 205:haec si tenemus, quae mihi quidem non videntur posse convelli,
id. Div. 1, 51, 117:judicia, stipulationes, etc. (with infirmare),
id. Caecin. 18, 51:convellere et commutare instituta omnium,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:acta Dolabellae,
id. Phil. 2, 33, 83:rem publicam judicio aliquo,
id. Brut. 30, 115:gratiam Caesaris,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:vires aegri,
Cels. 3, 4, 14; cf. id. ib. §11: fidem legionum promissis,
Tac. H. 4, 30 fin.:caede Messalinae convulsa principis domus,
id. A. 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 12, 65;4, 40: Tiberius vi dominationis convulsus ( = abalienatus ab honestate) et mutatus,
id. ib. 6, 48:fata,
Ov. H. 16, 41:secutae sunt duae (epistulae), quae me convellerunt de pristino statu, jam tamen labantem,
Cic. Att. 8, 15, 2.—To tear or rend to pieces, to cleave, dismember, shatter, break (perh. first in the poets of the Aug. per.).A.Lit.:B.dapes avido dente,
Ov. M. 11, 123: glaebam vomere, * Cat. 64, 40:dehiscit Convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor,
Verg. A. 5, 143; 8, 690:loca vi quondam et vastā convolsa ruinā,
id. ib. 3, 414:septem (naves) convolsae undis Euroque supersunt,
shattered, id. ib. 1, 383; cf. Luc. 3, 528:convulsi laniatique centuriones,
Tac. A. 1, 32:domum,
id. ib. 6, 40.—Trop.1.Of words, to mutilate, mispronounce:2.magno cursu verba convellere,
Sen. Ep. 40, 2.—To afflict, torture:verbis convellere pectus,
Ov. H. 17, 111.
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