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61 spindellose Spinnmaschine
f < textil> ■ open-end spinning machine; open-end spinning frameGerman-english technical dictionary > spindellose Spinnmaschine
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62 Spinnmaschine
f DIN ISO 2187 < textil> ■ spinning frame; spinning machine -
63 máquina de hilar
• spinner• spinning frame• spinning machine -
64 tokarko-wyoblarka
• bulging lathe• spinner• spinning lathe• spinning machine -
65 wyoblarka
• bulging lathe• mandrel lathe• spin lathe• spinner• spinning lathe• spinning machine -
66 машина мокрого прядения
wet-spinning frame, wet spinning machineРусско-английский политехнический словарь > машина мокрого прядения
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67 машина сухого прядения
dry spinning machine, dry spinning frameРусско-английский политехнический словарь > машина сухого прядения
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68 Mule
The cotton spinning machine, so named because it combines the roller drawing principle of Arkwright's water frame and the carriage drawings of Hargreaves' spinning jenny. The mule spins yarn by first inserting twist and then winding the twisted strand into cop form, the two actions of twisting and winding are intermittent. -
69 машина для вытягивания
1) Engineering: drawing machine (листового стекла, трубок, стекловолокна)2) Silicates: spinning machine (непрерывного стекловолокна)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > машина для вытягивания
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70 машина непрерывного процесса получения химической нити
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > машина непрерывного процесса получения химической нити
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71 Leonardo da Vinci
[br]b. 15 April 1452 Vinci, near Florence, Italy,d. 2 May 1519 St Cloux, near Amboise, France.[br]Italian scientist, engineer, inventor and artist.[br]Leonardo was the illegitimate son of a Florentine lawyer. His first sixteen years were spent with the lawyer's family in the rural surroundings of Vinci, which aroused in him a lifelong love of nature and an insatiable curiosity in it. He received little formal education but extended his knowledge through private reading. That gave him only a smattering of Latin, a deficiency that was to be a hindrance throughout his active life. At sixteen he was apprenticed in the studio of Andrea del Verrochio in Florence, where he received a training not only in art but in a wide variety of crafts and technical arts.In 1482 Leonardo went to Milan, where he sought and obtained employment with Ludovico Sforza, later Duke of Milan, partly to sculpt a massive equestrian statue of Ludovico but the work never progressed beyond the full-scale model stage. He did, however, complete the painting which became known as the Virgin of the Rocks and in 1497 his greatest artistic achievement, The Last Supper, commissioned jointly by Ludovico and the friars of Santa Maria della Grazie and painted on the wall of the monastery's refectory. Leonardo was responsible for the court pageants and also devised a system of irrigation to supply water to the plains of Lombardy. In 1499 the French army entered Milan and deposed Leonardo's employer. Leonardo departed and, after a brief visit to Mantua, returned to Florence, where for a time he was employed as architect and engineer to Cesare Borgia, Duke of Romagna. Around 1504 he completed another celebrated work, the Mona Lisa.In 1506 Leonardo began his second sojourn in Milan, this time in the service of King Louis XII of France, who appointed him "painter and engineer". In 1513 Leonardo left for Rome in the company of his pupil Francesco Melzi, but his time there was unproductive and he found himself out of touch with the younger artists active there, Michelangelo above all. In 1516 he accepted with relief an invitation from King François I of France to reside at the small château of St Cloux in the royal domain of Amboise. With the pension granted by François, Leonardo lived out his remaining years in tranquility at St Cloux.Leonardo's career can hardly be regarded as a success or worthy of such a towering genius. For centuries he was known only for the handful of artistic works that he managed to complete and have survived more or less intact. His main activity remained hidden until the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, during which the contents of his notebooks were gradually revealed. It became evident that Leonardo was one of the greatest scientific investigators and inventors in the history of civilization. Throughout his working life he extended a searching curiosity over an extraordinarily wide range of subjects. The notes show careful investigation of questions of mechanical and civil engineering, such as power transmission by means of pulleys and also a form of chain belting. The notebooks record many devices, such as machines for grinding and polishing lenses, a lathe operated by treadle-crank, a rolling mill with conical rollers and a spinning machine with pinion and yard divider. Leonardo made an exhaustive study of the flight of birds, with a view to designing a flying machine, which obsessed him for many years.Leonardo recorded his observations and conclusions, together with many ingenious inventions, on thousands of pages of manuscript notes, sketches and drawings. There are occasional indications that he had in mind the publication of portions of the notes in a coherent form, but he never diverted his energy into putting them in order; instead, he went on making notes. As a result, Leonardo's impact on the development of science and technology was virtually nil. Even if his notebooks had been copied and circulated, there were daunting impediments to their understanding. Leonardo was left-handed and wrote in mirror-writing: that is, in reverse from right to left. He also used his own abbreviations and no punctuation.At his death Leonardo bequeathed his entire output of notes to his friend and companion Francesco Melzi, who kept them safe until his own death in 1570. Melzi left the collection in turn to his son Orazio, whose lack of interest in the arts and sciences resulted in a sad period of dispersal which endangered their survival, but in 1636 the bulk of them, in thirteen volumes, were assembled and donated to the Ambrosian Library in Milan. These include a large volume of notes and drawings compiled from the various portions of the notebooks and is now known as the Codex Atlanticus. There they stayed, forgotten and ignored, until 1796, when Napoleon's marauding army overran Italy and art and literary works, including the thirteen volumes of Leonardo's notebooks, were pillaged and taken to Paris. After the war in 1815, the French government agreed to return them but only the Codex Atlanticus found its way back to Milan; the rest remained in Paris. The appendix to one notebook, dealing with the flight of birds, was later regarded as of sufficient importance to stand on its own. Four small collections reached Britain at various times during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; of these, the volume in the Royal Collection at Windsor Castle is notable for its magnificent series of anatomical drawings. Other collections include the Codex Leicester and Codex Arundel in the British Museum in London, and the Madrid Codices in Spain.Towards the end of the nineteenth century, Leonardo's true stature as scientist, engineer and inventor began to emerge, particularly with the publication of transcriptions and translations of his notebooks. The volumes in Paris appeared in 1881–97 and the Codex Atlanticus was published in Milan between 1894 and 1904.[br]Principal Honours and Distinctions"Premier peintre, architecte et mécanicien du Roi" to King François I of France, 1516.Further ReadingE.MacCurdy, 1939, The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci, 2 vols, London; 2nd edn, 1956, London (the most extensive selection of the notes, with an English translation).G.Vasari (trans. G.Bull), 1965, Lives of the Artists, London: Penguin, pp. 255–271.C.Gibbs-Smith, 1978, The Inventions of Leonardo da Vinci, Oxford: Phaidon. L.H.Heydenreich, Dibner and L. Reti, 1981, Leonardo the Inventor, London: Hutchinson.I.B.Hart, 1961, The World of Leonardo da Vinci, London: Macdonald.LRD / IMcN -
72 автомат-смеситель для газированных напитков в бутылках
Makarov: spinning machineУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > автомат-смеситель для газированных напитков в бутылках
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73 бескамерная пневмомеханическая прядильная машина
Makarov: OE-friction spinning machineУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > бескамерная пневмомеханическая прядильная машина
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74 двухсторонняя прядильная машина
Polymers: double-sided spinning machineУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > двухсторонняя прядильная машина
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75 заправка машины химического прядения
Textile: lacing of spinning machine, threading-upУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > заправка машины химического прядения
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76 камвольная прядильная машина
Textile: worsted spinning machineУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > камвольная прядильная машина
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77 капсуляция машины химического прядения
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > капсуляция машины химического прядения
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78 кольцепрядильная однопроцессная машина катдрафил
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > кольцепрядильная однопроцессная машина катдрафил
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79 крутильная сторона прядильного комбайна
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > крутильная сторона прядильного комбайна
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80 машина для мокрого формования
Makarov: wet-spinning machine (волокна)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > машина для мокрого формования
См. также в других словарях:
spinning machine — noun a textile machine for spinning yarn and thread • Hypernyms: ↑textile machine • Hyponyms: ↑spinning frame, ↑spinning jenny, ↑spinning wheel, ↑throstle * * * noun 1 … Useful english dictionary
spinning jenny — n. an early spinning machine with several spindles, for spinning more than one thread at a time … English World dictionary
spinning wheel — n. a simple spinning machine fitted with a single spindle driven by the rotation of a large wheel spun by a foot treadle or by hand … English World dictionary
Spinning mule — A pair of Condenser spinning mules. These have 741 spindles, being cut down from 133 feet (41 m) 1122 spindles they used to have up until the 24th Sept 1974, when they were retired from Elk Mill, Royton. The mule was built by Platt Brothers … Wikipedia
Spinning wheel — For the computer animation commonly found on the Internet, see Spinning wheel (animation). For the Blood, Sweat Tears song, see Spinning Wheel (song). Irish spinning wheel around 1900 Library of Congress collection A spinning wheel is a device… … Wikipedia
spinning — n. the act or an instance of spinning. Phrases and idioms: spinning jenny hist. a machine for spinning with more than one spindle at a time. spinning machine a machine that spins fibres continuously. spinning top = TOP(2). spinning wheel a… … Useful english dictionary
spinning wheel — noun a small domestic spinning machine with a single spindle that is driven by hand or foot • Hypernyms: ↑spinning machine • Part Meronyms: ↑distaff, ↑leg, ↑spindle * * * noun, pl ⋯ wheels [count] : a machine that was used in the past for making… … Useful english dictionary
spinning frame — noun spinning machine that draws, twists, and winds yarn • Hypernyms: ↑spinning machine • Part Meronyms: ↑spindle * * * noun : a machine that draws, twists, and winds yarn compare mule … Useful english dictionary
spinning jenny — noun an early spinning machine with multiple spindles • Hypernyms: ↑spinning machine * * * spinning jenny [spinning jenny] noun an early machine that could spin many threads of wool at the same time. It was invented by James Hargreaves in… … Useful english dictionary
spinning jenny — an early spinning machine having more than one spindle, enabling a person to spin a number of yarns simultaneously. [1775 85] * * * Early multiple spindle machine for spinning wool or cotton. The hand powered spinning jenny was patented by James… … Universalium
Spinning frame — The spinning frame was an invention developed during the 18th century British Industrial Revolution. It was later developed into the water frame (patented in 1769), and was used to increase production of textiles in factories.Richard Arkwright… … Wikipedia