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1 specific surface area
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2 specific filter surface area
English-german technical dictionary > specific filter surface area
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3 длительный допустимый ток
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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4 sea
1) Meer, dasby the sea — am Meer; an der See
be all at sea — (fig.) nicht mehr weiter wissen
put [out] to sea — in See (Akk.) gehen od. stechen; auslaufen
2) (specific tract of water) Meer, dasthe seven seas — (literary/poet.) die sieben [Welt]meere
3) (freshwater lake) See, der4) in sing. or pl. (state of sea) See, die; (wave) Welle, die; Woge, die (geh.); See, die (Seemannsspr.)6) attrib. (of or on the sea) See[wasser, -schlacht, -karte, -wind]; Meer[ungeheuer, -wasser, -salz usw.]; Meeres[grund, -küste usw.]; (in names of marine fauna or flora) See[maus, -anemone, -löwe usw.]; Meer[brasse, -neunauge usw.]* * *[si:] 1. noun1) ((often with the) the mass of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface: I enjoy swimming in the sea; over land and sea; The sea is very deep here; ( also adjective) A whale is a type of large sea animal.) das Meer, Meeres-...2) (a particular area of sea: the Baltic Sea; These fish are found in tropical seas.) die See3) (a particular state of the sea: mountainous seas.) der Seegang•- academic.ru/65239/seawards">seawards- seaward
- seaboard
- sea breeze
- seafaring
- seafood 2. adjectiveseafood restaurants.)...für Meeresfrüchte- seafront- sea-going
- seagull
- sea level
- sea-lion
- seaman
- seaport
- seashell
- seashore
- seasick
- seasickness
- seaside
- seaweed
- seaworthy
- seaworthiness
- at sea
- go to sea
- put to sea* * *[ˌesi:ˈeɪ]Sin·gle Euro·ˈpean Actnn Einheitliche Europäische Akte* * *[siː]n1) Meer nt, See fa town by or on the sea — eine Stadt am Meer or an der See
as I looked out to sea — als ich aufs Meer hinausblickte
I'm all at sea about how to answer this question — ich habe keine Ahnung, wie ich die Frage beantworten soll
that left him all at sea — er hatte überhaupt keinen Durchblick (inf)
to put to sea —
beyond the seas (dated) — überm großen Meer (old), in Übersee
2) (= state of the sea) See f no pl, Seegang mheavy/strong seas — schwere/raue See
* * *sea [siː] s1. a) See f, Meer nb) Ozean m, (Welt)Meer n:the four seas die vier (Großbritannien umgebenden) Meere;at sea SCHIFF auf See;(all) at sea fig (völlig) ratlos;beyond the seas nach oder in Übersee;by sea auf dem Seeweg, mit dem Schiff;follow the sea SCHIFF zur See fahren;go to sea SCHIFFb) zur See gehen (Seemann werden);the high seas pl die hohe See, die Hochsee;in the open sea auf hoher See;a) auf See, zur See,long (short) sea lange (kurze) See4. fig Meer n:sea of flags Fahnenmeer;sea of flames Flammenmeer* * *1) Meer, dasthe sea — das Meer; die See
by the sea — am Meer; an der See
be all at sea — (fig.) nicht mehr weiter wissen
go to sea — in See stechen; (become sailor) zur See gehen (ugs.)
put [out] to sea — in See (Akk.) gehen od. stechen; auslaufen
2) (specific tract of water) Meer, dasthe seven seas — (literary/poet.) die sieben [Welt]meere
3) (freshwater lake) See, der4) in sing. or pl. (state of sea) See, die; (wave) Welle, die; Woge, die (geh.); See, die (Seemannsspr.)6) attrib. (of or on the sea) See[wasser, -schlacht, -karte, -wind]; Meer[ungeheuer, -wasser, -salz usw.]; Meeres[grund, -küste usw.]; (in names of marine fauna or flora) See[maus, -anemone, -löwe usw.]; Meer[brasse, -neunauge usw.]* * *n.Meer -e n.See -n f. -
5 map
1. noun1) [Land]karte, die; (street plan) Stadtplan, der2) (fig. coll.)2. transitive verb,[put something/somebody] on the map — [etwas/jemanden] populär [machen]
Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/88987/map_out">map out* * *[mæp] 1. noun1) (a drawing or plan, in outline, of (any part of) the surface of the earth, with various features shown (usually roads, rivers, seas, towns etc): a map of the world; a road map.) (Land-)Karte2) (a similar type of drawing showing eg the surface of the moon, the position of the stars in the sky etc.) die Karte2. verb(to make a map of (an area): Africa was mapped by many different explorers.) kartographisch erfassen- map out* * *[ˌemeɪˈpi:]n abbrev of minimum advertised price festgelegter [Mindest]preis* * *[mp]1. n(Land)karte f; (of streets, town) Stadtplan m; (showing specific item) Karte fa map of the stars/rivers — eine Stern-/Flusskarte
it's right off the map (fig) — das liegt (ja) am Ende der Welt or hinter dem Mond (inf)
2. vt1) (= measure) vermessen; (= make a map of) eine Karte anfertigen vonthe history of her suffering was mapped on her face — ihr Gesicht war von Leid gezeichnet
2) ( MATH, COMPUT:: assign) zuordnen* * *map [mæp]A s1. (Land-, See-, Himmels) Karte f, weitS. (Stadt- etc) Plan m:by map nach der Karte;off the map umg abgelegen;wipe off the map eine Stadt etc ausradieren, dem Erdboden gleichmachen;be on the map auf der Karte (eingezeichnet) sein;put on the map eine Stadt etc bekannt machen2. sl Visage fB v/t1. eine Karte machen von, kartografisch darstellen2. ein Gebiet kartografisch erfassen3. auf einer Karte eintragenmap out one’s time sich seine Zeit einteilen6. MATH abbilden* * *1. noun1) [Land]karte, die; (street plan) Stadtplan, der2) (fig. coll.)2. transitive verb,[put something/somebody] on the map — [etwas/jemanden] populär [machen]
Phrasal Verbs:- map out* * *n.Abbildung -en f.Karte -n f.Landkarte f. v.abbilden v.ausarbeiten v.planen v. -
6 поверхность удельная
поверхность удельная
Отношение общей площади поверхности всех частиц материала к его объёму или массе
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > поверхность удельная
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