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1 specific
specific [spə'sɪfɪk]∎ I gave him specific instructions je lui ai donné des instructions précises;∎ could you please be a little or a bit more specific? pourriez-vous être un peu plus précis?;∎ she was quite specific about it elle s'est montrée très claire ou précise à ce sujet, elle a été très explicite sur ce point(b) (particular → gen) particulier, précis; (→ role, problem, conditions, needs) spécifique, particulier;∎ in this specific case dans ce cas précis ou particulier;∎ give me a specific example donnez-moi un exemple précis;∎ what did he say? - nothing specific qu'a-t-il dit? - rien de précis ou de particulier;∎ specific to spécifique à, propre à2 nounMedicine (remède m) spécifique m;∎ insulin is a specific for diabetes l'insuline est le médicament spécifique pour le diabètedétails mpl;∎ let's not bother with the specifics of the case inutile d'entrer dans les détails de l'affaire►► Physics specific gravity densité f;Physics specific heat chaleur f spécifique; -
2 specific
C adj1 ( particular) [instruction, information, charge, case, example] précis ;2 ( unique) specific to sb/sth spécifique de qn/qch. -
3 длительный допустимый ток
- courant permanent admissible, m
- courant admissible, m
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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4 измерительный преобразователь (с электрическим выходом)
измерительный преобразователь (с электрическим выходом)
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[IEV number 312-02-15]EN
measuring transducer (with electrical output)
device intended to transform, with a specified accuracy and according to a given law, the measurand, or a quantity already transformed therefrom, into an electrical quantity
NOTE 1 – If the input quantity is electrical, the input and output quantities may not be of the same kind, for example, a voltage and a current.
NOTE 2 – In certain instances, measuring transducers also have a specific name in respect of their function, (for example, amplifier, converter, transformer, frequency transducer, etc.).
Source: ≈ VIM 4.3
[IEV number 312-02-15]FR
transducteur de mesure (à sortie électrique)
dispositif destiné à transformer, avec une précision spécifiée et suivant une loi déterminée, le mesurande, ou la grandeur déjà transformée à partir du mesurande, en une grandeur électrique
NOTE 1 – Si la grandeur d'entrée est électrique, les grandeurs d'entrée et de sortie peuvent ne pas être de même nature, par exemple une tension et un courant.
NOTE 2 – Dans certains cas, les transducteurs de mesure ont également compte tenu de leur fonction, une dénomination spécifique, (par exemple, amplificateur, convertisseur, transformateur, transducteur de fréquence, etc.).
Source: ≈ VIM 4.3
[IEV number 312-02-15]Тематики
- измерение электр. величин в целом
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > измерительный преобразователь (с электрическим выходом)
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5 concrete
concrete ['kɒŋkri:t]1 noun(a) Building industry béton m∎ the concrete le concret∎ he made us a concrete offer il nous a fait une offre précise ou concrète;∎ we need concrete proof il nous faut des preuves concrètes ou matérielles;∎ in concrete terms concrètement(c) Building industry en ou de béton;∎ concrete monstrosity horreur f architecturale;∎ concrete slab dalle f de bétonBuilding industry bétonner►► figurative concrete jungle univers m de béton;Building industry concrete mixer bétonnière f;concrete music musique f concrète;Grammar concrete noun nom m concret;concrete poem calligramme m;concrete poetry calligrammes mpl(garden, field etc) bétonner -
6 система управления
система управления
Совокупность административных органов, методов и технических средств управления, обеспечивающих выполнение задач управления
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]
система управления
Система политик, процессов, функций, стандартов, рекомендаций и инструментов, которые обеспечивают достижение организацией (или её частью) поставленных целей. Этот термин также используется в узком смысле для отдельных процессов или деятельности – например, «система управления событиями» или «система управления рисками».
[См. тж. система. Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]EN
management system
The framework of policy, processes, functions, standards, guidelines and tools that ensures an organization or part of an organization can achieve its objectives. This term is also used with a smaller scope to support a specific process or activity – for example, an event management system or risk management system. See also system.
[См. тж. система. Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > система управления
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7 устройство с n-выводами
устройство с n-выводами
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[IEV number 151-12-14]EN
n-terminal device
device having n terminals with generally n greater than two
NOTE – In French, the term "multipôle" is also used for an n-terminal element, an n-terminal circuit or an n-terminal network. When n is specified, a more specific term is used, as for example "multipôle à n bornes", "tripôle",...
Source: see IEC 60050-131
[IEV number 151-12-14]FR
multipôle, m
dispositif à plus de deux bornes
NOTE – En français, le terme "multipôle" désigne aussi un élément de circuit, un circuit électrique ou un réseau à n bornes. Lorsque n est spécifié, on emploie un terme approprié tel que "multipôle à n bornes", "tripôle"...
Source: voir la CEI 60050-131
[IEV number 151-12-14]EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > устройство с n-выводами
См. также в других словарях:
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