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1 principe de précaution
принцип предосторожности
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
precautionary principle
Principle adopted by the UN Conference on Environment and Development (1992) that in order to protect the environment, a precautionary approach should be widely applied, meaning that where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage to the environment, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. (Source: GILP96)
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причина озабоченности
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cause for concern principle
Principle connected with the precautionary principle: it means that, if there are strong reasons for expecting serious or irreversible damage to the environment following a given project, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. Critics of this approach are concerned about large commitments of resources to deal with vaguely defined problems. (Source: GILP96a)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > principe de précaution
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2 patrimoine biologique
биологическое наследие
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biological heritage
The inheritance and preservation of the earth's or a particular region's balanced, integrated functionality as a natural habitat, with special concern for the water resources necessary to maintain the ecosystem. (Source: TOE)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > patrimoine biologique
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3 diversité biologique
биоразнообразие
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biodiversity
1) Genetic diversity: the variation between individuals and between populations within a species; species diversity: the different types of plants, animals and other life forms within a region; community or ecosystem diversity: the variety of habitats found within an area (grassland, marsh, and woodland for instance. 2) An umbrella term to describe collectively the variety and variability of nature. It encompasses three basic levels of organisation in living systems: the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. Plant and animal species are the most commonly recognized units of biological diversity, thus public concern has been mainly devoted to conserving species diversity. (Source: WRES / GILP96)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > diversité biologique
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4 effet de pollution
воздействие загрязнения
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pollution effect
The main pollution effects concern human health and cover all aspects of the physical environment - air, water and land, including the effects of climate change. Human activities which are sources of pollution arise from domestic, commercial, industrial and military sectors and their effects are influenced by various issues, trends and public sector programmes, such as safe water and food, management of waste, increasing use of chemicals in agriculture, and urbanization. Types of pollutants which are negatively impacting health include litter, toxic chemicals, nuclear waste, lead, spoil from mining, food and water contaminants; and the polluting effects of over-population. (Source: WPR)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > effet de pollution
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5 connaissances indigčnes
врожденное знание
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indigenous knowledge
Local knowledge that is unique to a given culture or society, which is the basis for local-level decision making in agriculture, health care, education and other matters of concern in rural communities. (Source: WIK)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > connaissances indigčnes
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6 rejet accidentel d'organismes
выброс биоматериала в результате аварий
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accidental release of organisms
Genetically engineered organisms that are released in the environment by mistake; once released they may exhibit some previously unknown pathogenicity, might take over from some naturally occurring bacteria (possibly having other positive functions which thus are lost) or pass on some unwanted trait to such indigenous bacteria. There is also concern that an uncontrolled genetic mutation could produce a form with hazardous consequences for the environment. (Source: WPRa)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > rejet accidentel d'organismes
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7 dissémination de micro-organismes mutés
выброс мутированных микроорганизмов
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mutated micro-organisms release
The release of mutated micro-organisms creates the risk that they may exhibit some previously unknown pathogenicity, might take over from some naturally occurring bacteria (possibly having other positive functions which thus are lost) or pass on some unwanted trait to such indigenous bacteria. There is also concern that an uncontrolled genetic mutation could produce from such an engineered microorganism, a form with hazardous consequences for the environment. (Source: WPR)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > dissémination de micro-organismes mutés
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8 harmonisation des lois
гармонизация права
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harmonisation of law
The process by which two or more states, sometimes under the auspices of an interstate or international organization, change their legislation relevant to some area of common concern to conform their statutes and to facilitate compliance and enforcement across borders. (Source: GT2)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > harmonisation des lois
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9 hydrométéorologie
гидрометеорология
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hydrometeorology
That part of meteorology of direct concern to hydrologic problems, particularly to flood control, hydroelectric power, irrigation, and similar fields of engineering and water resource. (Source: ZINZAN)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > hydrométéorologie
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10 sensibilisation du public
информационная кампания по оповещению общественности
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public awareness campaign
An organized, systematic effort through various communications media to alert the general population of a given area to anything of significant interest or concern. (Source: RHW)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > sensibilisation du public
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11 compost de boues résiduaires
компост из сточного ила и отходов
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refuse-sludge compost
Compost derived by the biodegradation of the organic constituents of solid wastes and wastewater sludges. The major public health issues associated with composting using solid wastes mixed with sewage sludge are pathogens, heavy metal, and odors. The heat generated during composting, as a result of the activities of thermophilic organisms, is capable of killing bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths present in sewage sludge. The metallic elements in sludge of greatest concern to human health are cadmium, lead, arsenic, selenium, and mercury. Only cadmium is normally found in sewage sludge at levels which, when applied to soils, can be absorbed by plants, and accumulate in edible parts, thereby entering the food chain. (Source: CORBIT)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > compost de boues résiduaires
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12 débat public
общественная дискуссия
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public discussion
Consideration, commentary by argument or informal debate on some issue that is open and of concern to the general populace. (Source: RHW)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > débat public
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13 décret ministériel
приказ министерства
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ministerial decree
A formal judgment or mandate handed down on a specific issue or concern from a major administrative department of a state, usually under the authority of that department's chief minister, secretary or administrator. (Source: RHW)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > décret ministériel
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14 radon
радон
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radon
A radioactive gaseous element emitted naturally from rocks and minerals where radioactive elements are present. It is released in non-coal mines, e.g. tin, iron, fluorspar, uranium. Radon is an alpha particle emitter as are its decay products and has been indicted as a cause of excessive occurrence of lung cancer in uranium miners. Concern has been expressed at radon levels in some housing usually adjacent to granite rocks or old tin mining regions. (Source: PORT)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > radon
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15 rénovation urbaine
реконструкция городов
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urban renewal
A continuing process of remodelling urban areas by means of rehabilitation and conservation as well as redevelopment. Urban renewal programmes are generally undertaken by public authorities and concern those parts of the city which have fallen below current standards of public acceptability. (Source: GOOD)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > rénovation urbaine
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16 droit privé
частное право
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private law
The branch of law dealing with such aspects of relationships between individuals that are of no direct concern to the state. (Source: DICLAW)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > droit privé
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17 développement environnemental
экологическое развитие
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environmental development
The growth, progress or advancement in matters of ecological concern. (Source: ISEP)
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Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > développement environnemental
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