solemn

spondēus ( spondīus; sometimes incorrectly written spondaeus), i, m., = spondeios, of or belonging to libations; hence, substt.

spondēum, i, n., a vessel used in making libations, App. M. 11, p. 266, 26.—

(Because of its prolonged, solemn character.) A spondee (metrical foot), Cic. Or. 64, 216; Quint. 9, 4, 80 sq.; Hor. A. P. 256; Aus. Ep. 21, 42.

sponsĭo, ōnis, f. [spondeo], jurid. and publicists' t. t., a solemn promise or engagement to some performance (in bargains, covenants, treaties, etc.); a promise, guarantee, security, sponsion for any one (freq. and class.; cf.: pactio, foedus).

In gen.:

sponsio appellatur omnis stipulatio promissioque,

Dig. 50, 16, 7:

voti sponsio, quā obligamur deo,

Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 41:

Scandilium cogis sponsionem acceptam facere,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 139:

per inducias sponsionem faciunt, uti, etc.,

made an agreement, Sall. J. 79, 4:

non foedere pax Caudina sed per sponsionem facta est,

by giving surety, Liv. 9, 5, 2:

sponsione se obstringere,

id. 9, 8, 4:

sponsionem interponere,

id. 9, 9, 4; and:

tunc sponsio et pax repudietur... nec populus Romanus consulum sponsionem nec nos fidem populi Romani accusemus,

id. 9, 11, 5:

Ocriculani sponsione in amicitiam accepti,

id. 9, 41, 20; 39, 43, 5 (but Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 26, is spurious; v. Ritschl ad h. l.).—

In partic., in civil suits, a mutual agreement or stipulation of the parties, that he who loses should pay a certain sum to him who gains the cause, a sort of wager at law: per sponsionem hoc modo agimus;

provocamus adversarium tali sponsione: si homo quo de agitur ex jure Quiritium meus est, sestertios XXV. nummos dare spondes?

Gai. Inst. 4, 93:

condicio Quintio fertur, ut, si id factum negaret ceteraque, quae objecisset, sponsione defenderet sese,

Liv. 39, 43, 5:

in probrum suum sponsionem factam,

id. 40, 46, 14; hence, sponsio (sponsionem facere) si non (ni), a wager that, to agree to make a payment if not:

ut sponsionem facere possent, ni adversus edictum praetoris vis facta esset,

Cic. Caecin. 16, 45:

sponsio est, ni te Apronius socium in decumis esse dicat,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 59, § 135:

sponsionem milium nummūm facere cum lictore suo, ni furtis quaestum faceret,

id. ib. 2, 5, 54, § 131; cf.:

jubet Quinctium sponsionem cum Sex. Naevio facere, si bona sua ex edicto dies XXX. possessa non essent,

id. Quint. 8, 30; id. Fam. 7, 21 init.; id. Pis. 23, 55:

sponsione optime facere posse,

id. Caecin. 16, 45; id. Off. 3, 19, 77:

Apronium sponsione lacessivit,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

sponsione vincere,

id. Quint. 27, 84.—Post-class., with quod:

de sponsione quam is cum adversario, quod vir bonus esset, fecerat,

Val. Max. 7, 2, 4:

sponsionem provocare, quod, etc.,

id. 2, 8, 2; 6, 1, 10.—With acc. and inf.:

Cleopatra sponsione revocavit, insumere se posse, etc.,

Macr. S. 2, 13.—

Hence, in gen., a bet, betting:

audax,

Juv. 11, 202.—

Meton., a sum of money deposited according to agreement, a stake, acc. to Varr L. L. 6, § 70 Müll.

tăbŭla, ae, f. [root ta-, tab; whence also taberna, q. v.], a board, plank.

In gen.:

si tabulam de naufragio stultus arripuerit,

Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; cf. id. Att. 4, 18, 3; Verg. A. 1, 119:

laceras tabulas in litore vidi,

Ov. M. 11, 428:

tabula navis,

Juv. 14, 289; Verg. A. 9, 537:

inauratae,

Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 114:

latera (fossarum) cluduntur tabulis,

id. 33, 4, 21, § 76:

perforatae,

Col. 7, 4, 5.—Esp., a board to play on, Ov. de Nuce, 77; Sen. Tranq. An. 14, 7; Juv. 1, 90.—

In partic.

A writing-tablet; also, a tablet written upon, a writing, as a letter, contract, account, list, will, etc. (cf. tabella):

tabulae litteris Graecis confectae,

Caes. B. G. 1, 29:

cerata,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 18: litteraria, a writing-tablet for children, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 10; cf.:

laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 74; id. Ep. 1, 1, 56:

ponatur calculus assint Cum tabula pueri,

Juv. 9, 41: tabula calculatoria, Schol. Juv. 7, 73.—

Plur., a book of account:

pro tabulis, Ubi aera perscribuntur usuraria,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 52; cf.:

multum differt, in arcāne positum sit argentum, an in tabulis debeatur,

Cic. Top. 3, 16:

litterae lituraeque omnes assimulatae, expressae, de tabulis in libros transferuntur,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189:

aliquid in tabulas referre,

id. Fl. 9, 20:

tabulas conficere,

id. de Or. 2, 23, 97; id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 60; id. Rosc. Com. 2, 5:

unae tabulae proferantur, in quibus vestigium sit aliquod, quod, etc.,

id. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2): novae, new account-books (by substituting which for the old ones debts were abolished in whole or in part), id. Phil. 6, 4, 11; id. Att. 5, 21, 13; 14, 21, 4; id. Off. 2, 23, 84; Caes. B. C. 3, 1; 3, 21; cf. Sall. C. 21, 2. —

A counter, office where records are kept:

suos necessarios conrogat, ut ad tabulam Sextiam sibi adsint horā secundā,

Cic. Quint. 6, 25. —

Adest ad tabulam: licetur Aebutius (a tablet on which an auction was advertised);

hence,

an auction, Cic. Caecin. 6, 16; cf.:

sin ad tabulam venimus, vincemus facultates Othonis,

id. Att. 12, 40, 4. —

Of public records, etc.:

tabula praerogativae,

a list of votes, Cic. Pis. 5, 11; cf. Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 18; 3, 17, 1; Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 2, 8:

qui de tabulis publicis recitat,

public records, State papers, Cic. Fl. 17, 40; so,

publicae,

id. Arch. 4, 8; Liv. 26, 36, 11.—Esp., the censor ' s lists:

tabularum cura,

Liv. 4. 8, 4:

memoria publica recensionis tabulis publicis impressa,

Cic. Mil. 27, 74; Flor. 1, 6, 3; cf.:

tabulae aereae, in quibus publicae constitutiones inciduntur,

Plin. 34, 9, 21, § 99:

XII. tabulae,

the Twelve Tables, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54; so of the tables of the laws:

decem tabulas conscripsisse,

id. ib. 2, 36, 61:

duabus tabulis additis,

id. ib. 2, 37, 63; id. de Or. 1, 43, 193; 1, 44, 195 al.; v. duodecim; cf.:

nequa tabula ullius decreti Caesaris aut beneficii figeretur,

id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:

tabula Sullae,

the list of proscribed persons, Juv. 2, 28; Mart. 5, 69, 2; Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 21; 9, 26.—

Of any formal or solemn writing:

in tabulas multis haec via fecit iter,

i. e. a will, testament, Ov. A. A. 2, 332; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 11; Juv. 2, 58; 4, 19; 12, 123; 14, 55; Mart. 5, 39, 2:

Dicaearchi tabulae,

maps, Cic. Att. 6, 2, 3:

lapideae,

Vulg. Exod. 24, 12; id. 2 Cor. 3, 3. —

A painted tablet or panel, a painting, picture:

tabula picta,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 34; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 36; Cic. Brut. 75, 261:

imago in tabulis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3; id. de Or. 1, 35, 161; id. Par. 5, 2, 37; Prop. 1, 2, 22; 2, 3, 41; Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 64. — Prov.: manum de tabulā, take your hand from the picture! enough! it is finished! sed heus tu, manum de tabulā, Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 1; cf.:

dixit (Apelles)... uno se praestare, quod manum de tabulā sciret tollere,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 80. —

A votive-tablet (on which a shipwreck was painted):

me tabula sacer Votiva paries indicat, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 5, 13:

largire inopi, ne pictus oberret Caeruleā in tabulā,

Pers. 6, 32 (cf.:

mersā rate naufragus assem Dum rogat et pictā se tempestate tuetur,

Juv. 14, 301). —

A bed or plot of ground in a vineyard, Pall. Jan. 11; id. Febr. 10, 1; 9, 9; Auct. Limit. p. 311 Goes.—

A fold in a garment, Tert. Pall. 1 and 5.

trĭpŭdĭum, ii, n. [acc. to Cic. Div. 2, 34, 72, contr. from terripavium, terripudium, but prob. from ter and pes; cf. the old form tripodare, whence tripodatio]; in relig. lang.,

Lit., a measured stamping, a leaping, jumping, dancing in relig. solemnities, a solemn religious dance:

Salios ancilia ferre ac per urbem ire canentes carmina, cum tripudiis sollemnique saltatu jussit,

Liv. 1, 20, 4; cf. tripudio and ‡ tripodatio.—

Transf., in gen., a dance:

citatis celerare tripudiis,

Cat. 63, 26:

tripudia Hispanorum,

Liv. 25, 17, 5:

cum sui moris tripudiis,

id. 21, 42, 3:

cantus incohantium proelium et ululatus et tripudia,

id. 38, 17, 4.—

A favorable omen, when the sacred chickens ate so greedily that the food dropped from their mouths to the ground, Cic. Div. 2, 34, 72; 2, 36, 77; 1, 15, 28; Liv. 10, 40, 5; Suet. Tib. 2; cf. solistimus.

vōtum, i, n. [voveo].

(Acc. to voveo, I.) A solemn promise made to some deity, a vow (freq. and class.; esp. in plur.):

qui (deus) numquam nobis occurrit neque in optatis neque in votis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 36:

nefaria vota,

id. Clu. 68, 194:

nonne animadvertis ex tot tabulis pictis, quam multi votis vim tempestatis effugerint?

id. N. D. 3, 37, 89:

voto et promisso teneri,

id. Att. 12, 18, 1:

obstrictum esse religione voti,

id. ib. 12, 43, 2:

obligari voti sponsione deo,

id. Leg. 2, 16, 41:

cum de illo aegroto vota faciebant,

id. Att. 8, 16, 1:

vota facere,

id. Fam. 7, 2, 4; id. Mil. 15, 41; id. Tusc. 5, 1, 2 al.:

nuncupare,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

suscipere,

id. N. D. 3, 39, 93:

concipere,

Ov. M. 7, 594; Liv. 5, 25, 7:

debere diis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 123:

solvere,

id. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

reddere,

id. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

Jovi reddere,

Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 46:

suscipere et solvere,

Plin. Ep. 10, 35 (44):

persolvere,

id. ib. 10, 100 (101):

voto se exsolvere,

Petr. 85:

exsequi,

Verg. A. 5, 53: voti damnari, i. e. to obtain one's prayer or wish [p. 2015] Liv. 5, 25, 4; 7, 28, 4; 27, 45, 8; v. Zumpt, Gram. § 447 fin.:

voti reus,

Verg. A. 5, 237:

voti liberari,

Liv. 5, 28, 1.—

Transf.

A thing solemnly promised, that which is vowed or devoted, a volive offering (mostly poet.):

lustramurque Jovi, votisque incendimus aras,

with burnt-offerings, Verg. A. 3, 279:

Danai in voto (i. e. equo Trojano) latent,

Petr. 89; cf.:

iste... de bonis illius in aede Veneris argenteum Cupidinem posuit. Sic etiam fortunis hominum abutebatur ad nocturna vota cupiditatum suarum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142.—

Vota, a day on which vows were made for the good of the State (post-class.), Capitol. Pert. 6; Vop. Tac. 9; cf. Dig. 50, 16, 233, § 1.—

Transf.

(Acc. to voveo, II.) A wish, desire, longing, prayer (perh not ante-Aug.):

ea esse vota, eam esse voluntatem omnium, ut, etc.,

Liv. 2, 15, 3:

ejus me compotem voti facere vos potestis,

id. 7, 40, 6:

quoniam res Romana contra spem votaque ejus velut resurgeret,

id. 24, 45, 3; 35, 42, 5:

quod omnibus votis petendum erat,

id. 32, 21, 35:

magnarum cogitationum,

Petr. 115:

audivere di mea vota,

Hor. C. 4, 13, 1:

haec loca sunt voto fertiliora tuo,

Ov. A. A. 1, 90; id. Tr. 1, 2, 1:

votum in amante novum,

id. M. 3, 468:

voti potens,

id. ib. 8, 80:

quod omnium sit votum parentum, ut, etc.,

Quint. 11, 1, 82:

vota parentium,

id. 1, 2, 25: id enim voto meo sufficit;

illud supra votum, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 3:

Darius votum meum implevit,

Curt. 4, 13, 24; 4, 13, 8; Sen. Polyb. 10, 6:

cunctis super vota fluentibus,

Tac. H. 3, 48; Sen. Ben. 6, 30, 1:

votum aliquem confodiendi,

Suet. Aug. 51; cf. id. ib. 58:

hoc erat in votis: modus agri non ita magnus,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 1:

esse in voto,

Pers. 3, 48; cf.:

sed hoc votum est et rara felicitas,

is rather a thing to be wished, Quint. 12, 5, 6 Spald.; so, votum est, ut, etc., it is to be wished that, etc., Cels. 6, 6, 1:

an venit in votum Attalicis ex urbibus una?

Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 5:

non sine votis: O rus, quando ego te aspiciam?

id. S. 2, 6, 59. —Of inanimate things:

alioquin vota arborum frugumque communia sunt nivis diutinas sedere,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14.—

A marriage vow, matrimonial engagement, marriage (post-class.):

ad tertia vota migrare,

Cod. Just. 5, 9, 4; 5, 5, 24; 5, 1, 2:

nuptualia,

App. M. 4, p. 154, 18; id. Flor. p. 342, 27.