sofinn

pp. asleep (drukku menn svá ákaft, at hverr lá sofinn í sínu rúmi).

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(sef; svaf, sváfum; sólinn), v. to sleep; s. af um nóttina, to sleep the night through; s. fast, to sleep hard, soundly; s. lífi, to sleep one’s life away; fig. to be dormant.

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pres. sing. sefr, older søfr, Hom. 152; pl. sofum, sofit, sofa: pret. svaf, svaft (mod. svafst), svaf; pl. sváfu, svófu, or eliding the v, sófu; subj. svæfi or sœfi; imperat. sof, sofðu; part. sofinn: [Dan. sove, Swed. sofua; a word common to the Teut. and class, languages, if indeed, as Grimm thinks, Goth. slêpan, Engl. sleep, Germ. schlafen, are the same word in different forms; cp. svefn, Engl. swoon.]

B. To sleep; mart um dvelr þann er um morgin sefr, Hm. 59 (Bugge); sjaldan getr sofandi maðr sigr, 58, Vápn. 25; sofa svefn, Fb. i. 550; s. af nóttina, 348; s. af nótt þá, Ísl. ii. 350, Fms. iii. 92; þeir sváfu um nóttina. Eg. 560; hann svaf, Fs. 6, Fms. i, 12; sefr hann þrjár nætr í húsinu, xi. 5; sá er ávalt søfr, Hom. 152; sofa fast, Fms. i. 9; hve fast hann svæfi, Fs. 6; s. sætan, to sleep sweetly. Sól., Sdm.; sem þá at hann svæfi, Ó. H. 219: the phrase, ok sofi yðr þó eigi öll vá, woe shall not sleep for you, shall lie wide awake at your door, Eb. 160; sofa lífi, to sleep one’s life away, Hðm.

II. reflex., hann spyrr hversu þeim hafi sofizk, … hann lætr sér vel hafa sofnazt, he asked how they had slept, … he said he had slept well, Þiðr. 319.

III. part. sofinn, asleep, Hm.; hverr lá sofinn í sínu rúmi, Fb. i. 290, Mag. 154, Clar.

(-s, -ir), m.

1) skin, slough; hleypa hömum, to cast the slough (of snakes);

2) shape, form; skipta hömum, to change one’s shape.

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m., pl. hamir, dat. hami, Vsp. 36, but ham, Höfuðl. (where ham, gram, and fram form a rhyme), as also Haustl. 2, Hkr. i. 228, all of them poems of the 10th century; [A. S. hama, homa; Hel. hamo; O. H. G. hemedi, whence mod. Germ. hemd; Dan. ham; akin to hamr is Ital. camisa, Fr. chemise, with a final s answering to hams below]:—a skin, esp. the skin of birds flayed off with feathers and wings; álptar-hamr, a swan’s skin; fugls-hamr, a bird’s skin; arnar-hamr, an eagle’s skin; gásar-hamr, a goose’s skin, etc.; hams, q. v., of snakes: ham bera svanir hvítfjaðraðan (of a swan’s skin), Fas. i. 471 (in a verse); hleypa hömum (of snakes), to cast the slough, Konr. 34; hlátra hamr, poët. laughter’s cover, the breast, Höfuðl. 19.

II. shape, esp. in a mythol. sense, connected with the phrase, skipta hömum, to change the shape, described in Yngl. S. ch. 7, Völs. S. ch. 7, 8, and passim; cp. also the deriv. ein-hamr, ham-farir, ham-ramr, ham-stola, hamingja, hamask, etc.,—an old and widespread superstition found in the popular lore and fairy tales of almost every country;—Óðinn skipti hömum, lá þá búkrinn sem sofinn eðr dauðr, en hann var þá fugl eða dýr, fiskr eða ormr, ok fór á einni svipstund á fjarlæg lönd, Yngl. S. l. c., Fas. i. 128 (Völs. S. l. c.); it is described in Völs. S. ch. 8,—þeir hafa orðit fyrir úsköpum, því at úlfa-hamir ( wolf-coats) héngu yfir þeim; it tíunda hvert dægr máttu þeir komask ór hömunum, etc.; þeir fundu konur þrjár ok spunnu lín, þar vóru hjá þeim álptar-hamir þeirra, Sæm. 88 (prose to Vkv.); fjölkyngis-kona var þar komin í álptar-ham, Fas. i. 373, cp. Helr. 6; víxla hömum, to change skins, assume one another’s shape, Skv. 1. 42; Úlf-hamr, Wolf-skin, the nickname of a mythol. king, Hervar. S., prob. from being hamramr; manns-hamr, the human skin, Str. 31; hugða ek at væri hamr Atla, methought it was the form or ghost of Atli, Am. 19; jötunn í arnar-ham, a giant in an eagle’s skin, Vþm. 37, Edda; í gemlis-ham, id., Haustl.; fjaðr-hamr, Þkv.; í faxa-ham, in a horse’s skin, Hkr. i. (in a verse); í trölls-hami, in an ogre’s skin, Vsp. 36; vals-hamr, a falcon’s skin, Edda (of the goddess Freyja): it remains in mod. usage in metaph. phrases, að vera í góðum, íllum, vondum, ham, to be in a good, bad, dismal frame of mind or mood; vera í sínum rétta ham, to be in one’s own good frame of mind; færast í annan ham, to enter into another frame of mind: in western Icel. an angry, ill-tempered woman is called hamr, hún er mesti hamr (= vargr): hams-lauss, adj. distempered, furious, esp. used in Icel. of a person out of his mind from restlessness or passion, the metaphor from one who cannot recover his own skin, and roves restlessly in search of it, vide Ísl. Þjóðs. passim.

COMPDS: hamdökkr, hamfagr, hamljótr, hamvátr, Hamðir.

part., qs. vakandi: in the phrase, vakinn og sofinn, waking and sleeping, i. e. by night and day.