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81 Socialist
subs.Use adj., P. νεωτεροποιός.Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Socialist
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82 socialist
n.समाजतंत्रवादी, समाजसाम्यवादी -
83 socialist
nსოციალისტი, სოციალისტური -
84 socialist
n. -
85 socialist
1. n. f.социалистка л.м.[sotsialistka]2. n. m.социалист л.м.[sotsialist] -
86 socialist
n.социалист -
87 socialist
toplumcu, sosyalist -
88 socialist
n.sotsiyalist -
89 socialist
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90 socialist
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91 socialist
kb. orang sosialis. -ks. sosialis. -
92 socialist
sosyalist -
93 socialist
σοσιαλιστής -
94 socialist
nounസ്ഥിതിസമത്വവാദി, സമാജവാദി -
95 Socialist
socialisto. -
96 socialist economy
Englisch-Deutsch Fachwörterbuch der Wirtschaft > socialist economy
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97 socialist distribution according to labour
socialist distribution according to labour/to work социалистическое распределение по трудуEnglish-Russian combinatory dictionary > socialist distribution according to labour
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98 Socialist Party / Partido Socialista
(PS)Although the Socialist Party's origins can be traced back to the 1850s, its existence has not been continuous. The party did not achieve or maintain a large base of support until after the Revolution of 25 April 1974. Historically, it played only a minor political role when compared to other European socialist parties.During the Estado Novo, the PS found it difficult to maintain a clandestine existence, and the already weak party literally withered away. Different groups and associations endeavored to keep socialist ideals alive, but they failed to create an organizational structure that would endure. In 1964, Mário Soares, Francisco Ramos da Costa, and Manuel Tito de Morais established the Portuguese Socialist Action / Acção Socialista Português (ASP) in Geneva, a group of individuals with similar views rather than a true political party. Most members were middle-class professionals committed to democratizing the nation. The rigidity of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) led some to join the ASP.By the early 1970s, ASP nuclei existed beyond Portugal in Paris, London, Rome, Brussels, Frankfurt, Sweden, and Switzerland; these consisted of members studying, working, teaching, researching, or in other activities. Extensive connections were developed with other foreign socialist parties. Changing conditions in Portugal, as well as the colonial wars, led several ASP members to advocate the creation of a real political party, strengthening the organization within Portugal, and positioning this to compete for power once the regime changed.The current PS was founded clandestinely on 19 April 1973, by a group of 27 exiled Portuguese and domestic ASP representatives at the Kurt Schumacher Academy of the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung in Bad Munstereifel, West Germany. The founding philosophy was influenced by nondogmatic Marxism as militants sought to create a classless society. The rhetoric was to be revolutionary to outflank its competitors, especially the PCP, on its left. The party hoped to attract reform-minded Catholics and other groups that were committed to democracy but could not support the communists.At the time of the 1974 revolution, the PS was little more than an elite faction based mainly among exiles. It was weakly organized and had little grassroots support outside the major cities and larger towns. Its organization did not improve significantly until the campaign for the April 1975 constituent elections. Since then, the PS has become very pragmatic and moderate and has increasingly diluted its socialist program until it has become a center-left party. Among the party's most consistent principles in its platform since the late 1970s has been its support for Portugal's membership in the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Union (EU), a view that clashed with those of its rivals to the left, especially the PCP. Given the PS's broad base of support, the increased distance between its leftist rhetoric and its more conservative actions has led to sharp internal divisions in the party. The PS and the Social Democratic Party (PSD) are now the two dominant parties in the Portuguese political party system.In doctrine and rhetoric the PS has undergone a de-Marxification and a movement toward the center as a means to challenge its principal rival for hegemony, the PSD. The uneven record of the PS in general elections since its victory in 1975, and sometimes its failure to keep strong legislative majorities, have discouraged voters. While the party lost the 1979 and 1980 general elections, it triumphed in the 1983 elections, when it won 36 percent of the vote, but it still did not gain an absolute majority in the Assembly of the Republic. The PSD led by Cavaco Silva dominated elections from 1985 to 1995, only to be defeated by the PS in the 1995 general elections. By 2000, the PS had conquered the commanding heights of the polity: President Jorge Sampaio had been reelected for a second term, PS prime minister António Guterres was entrenched, and the mayor of Lisbon was João Soares, son of the former socialist president, Mário Soares (1986-96).The ideological transformation of the PS occurred gradually after 1975, within the context of a strong PSD, an increasingly conservative electorate, and the de-Marxification of other European Socialist parties, including those in Germany and Scandinavia. While the PS paid less attention to the PCP on its left and more attention to the PSD, party leaders shed Marxist trappings. In the 1986 PS official program, for example, the text does not include the word Marxism.Despite the party's election victories in the mid- and late-1990s, the leadership discovered that their grasp of power and their hegemony in governance at various levels was threatened by various factors: President Jorge Sampaio's second term, the constitution mandated, had to be his last.Following the defeat of the PS by the PSD in the municipal elections of December 2001, Premier Antônio Guterres resigned his post, and President Sampaio dissolved parliament and called parliamentary elections for the spring. In the 17 March 2002 elections, following Guterres's resignation as party leader, the PS was defeated by the PSD by a vote of 40 percent to 38 percent. Among the factors that brought about the socialists' departure from office was the worsening post-September 11 economy and disarray within the PS leadership circles, as well as charges of corruption among PS office holders. However, the PS won 45 percent of the vote in parliamentary elections of 2005, and the leader of the party, José Sócrates, a self-described "market-oriented socialist" became prime minister.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Socialist Party / Partido Socialista
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99 Socialist Labor Party of North America
истПервая общенациональная (немногочисленная) ортодоксальная социалистическая партия. Основана при активном участии Ф. Зорге [ Sorge, Friedrich Adolph] в июле 1876 на основе Социалистической партии Нью-Йорка и его пригородов [ Socialist Party of New York and Vicinity] как Партия рабочего люда [Workingmen's Party], новое название получила в 1877. Пропагандировала идеи марксизма, но не смогла превратиться в массовую партию. В 1878-80 заключала непрочный союз с Партией гринбекеров [ Greenback-Labor Party]. В 1890-е ее возглавлял марксист Д. де Леон [ De Leon, Daniel]. С 1892 принимала участие в ряде президентских избирательных кампаний, ни разу не набрав больше 40 тыс. голосов. В 1900 часть ее членов во главе с М. Хилкуитом [ Hillquit, Morris] вошла в Социал-демократическую партию [ Social-Democratic Party] и содействовала созданию в 1901 Социалистической партии [ Socialist Party]тж Socialist Labor PartyEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Socialist Labor Party of North America
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100 Socialist Party
истПолитическая партия; создана в 1901 в Индианаполисе В. Бергером [Berger, Victor L.], Дж. Харриманом [Harriman, Job] и М. Хилкуитом [ Hillquit, Morris] из Социалистической рабочей партии [ Socialist Labor Party of North America] и Ю. Дебсом [ Debs, Eugene Victor] из Профсоюза американских железнодорожников [American Railway Union] в результате слияния Социал-демократической партии [ Social-Democratic Party] и отколовшейся части Социалистической рабочей партии [ Socialist Labor Party of North America]. Правое крыло (М. Хилкуит, В. Бергер, Н. Томас [Thomas, Norman]) стремилось ограничить деятельность партии участием в избирательных кампаниях. Наибольшим влиянием в стране партия пользовалась в 1907-12, когда ее политика и действия определялись влиянием ее левого крыла (Ю. Дебс, У. Хейвуд [ Haywood, William Dudley (Big Bill)], Ч. Рутенберг [ Ruthenberg, Charles Emil]). В 1910-12 в партии состояло 118 тыс. членов. Примерно 1 тыс. членов партии была избрана в местные органы власти и органы власти штатов. В 1910 В. Бергер стал первым социалистом, избранным в Конгресс, а в 1912 Ю. Дебс набрал 6 процентов голосов избирателей на президентских выборах. В 1913 из исполкома партии был исключен председатель массовой рабочей организации "Индустриальные рабочие мира" [ Industrial Workers of the World] Ю. Дебс, и, лишившись боевого левого крыла, партия быстро потеряла свое влияние. Ослабленная репрессиями властей и уходом левых сил, партия безуспешно попыталась в 1924 поддержать кандидата независимой Прогрессивной партии Р. Лафоллетта [ La Follette, Robert Marion]. После 1948 в выборах не участвовала и влиянием не пользоваласьEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Socialist Party
См. также в других словарях:
socialist — SOCIALÍST, Ă, socialişti, ste, adj., s.m. şi f. 1. adj. Întemeiat pe principiile socialismului (1); care există în condiţiile socialismului; al socialismului, propriu socialismului, privitor la socialism. 2. s.m. şi f. Adept al socialismului (1); … Dicționar Român
socialist — [sō′shəlist] n. 1. an advocate or supporter of socialism 2. [S ] a member of a Socialist Party adj. 1. of or like socialism or socialists 2. advocating or supporting socialism 3. [S ] of or having to do with a Socialist Party: Also socialistic… … English World dictionary
socialist — 1827, from Fr. socialiste, in reference to the teachings of Comte de Saint Simon, founder of French socialism. The word begins to be used in French in the modern sense c.1835. Socialista, with a different sense, was applied 18c. to followers and… … Etymology dictionary
Socialist — So cial*ist, n. [Cf. F. socialiste.] One who advocates or practices the doctrines of socialism. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Socialist — So cial*ist, Socialistic So cial*is tic, a. Pertaining to, or of the nature of, socialism. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
socialist — ▪ I. socialist so‧cial‧ist 1 [ˈsəʊʆl st ǁ ˈsoʊ ] adjective ECONOMICS 1. based on socialism or connected with a political party that supports socialism: • socialist principles • the socialist manifesto 2. a socialist country or government … Financial and business terms
socialist — /soh sheuh list/, n. 1. an advocate or supporter of socialism. 2. (cap.) a member of the U.S. Socialist party. adj. 3. socialistic. [1825 35; SOCIAL + IST] * * * (as used in expressions) Socialist People s Libyan Arab Jamahiriyyah Socialist… … Universalium
socialist — [[t]so͟ʊʃəlɪst[/t]] ♦♦♦ socialists 1) ADJ: usu ADJ n Socialist means based on socialism or relating to socialism. ...members of the ruling Socialist party. ...low inflation policies practised by the socialist government... Ethiopia was declared a … English dictionary
socialíst — a m (ȋ) pristaš socializma: postati socialist // v nekaterih državah član socialistične stranke: zunanji minister je socialist; sodelovanje komunistov in socialistov / na volitvah so zmagali socialisti je zmagala socialistična stranka ◊ polit.… … Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika
socialist — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun ADJECTIVE ▪ committed, dedicated (esp. BrE), lifelong, staunch (esp. BrE), strong (esp. BrE) ▪ leading ▪ His father was a leading socialist … Collocations dictionary
socialist — so|cial|ist1 [ˈsəuʃəl ıst US ˈsou ] adj 1.) based on socialism or relating to a political party that supports socialism ▪ socialist principles 2.) a socialist country or government has a political system based on socialism socialist 2 socialist2… … Dictionary of contemporary English
