sing+up!

noun "music". Cf. Ainulindalë "Music of the Ainur". The word is cited as lindelë in the printed Etymologies, entry LINsup2/sup, but according to VT45:27, this is a misreading for lindalë in Tolkien's manuscript. The word lindalë may argue the existence of a verbal stem \#linda- "sing, make music".

a multiplicative prefix LT1:269 1 prefix "many" LI, seen in lindornëa, lintyulussëa; assimilated lil- in lillassëa. 2 vb. "sing" GLIN, struck out

vb. "to chant" 1st pers. aorist lirin "I chant, I sing" LIRsup1/sup, GLIR

vb. ?"sing" LT1:258; in LotR-style Quenya lir- or \#linda-

pronominal element "you", originally the "reverential 2nd person sing" RGEO:73, VT49:56. However, singular le was apparently altered to lye q.v., and le took on a plural significance le for pl. “you” is apparently derived from de, the ancient 2nd person pl. stem, VT49:50-51. Stressed lé VT49:51, dual let *“the two of you” ibid.. At certain points in Tolkien’s conception, le was still sg. “thou” rather than pl. “you”. It is attested as an ending in the imperative form antalë *"give thou" VT43:17; see anta-. The form ólë in VT43:29 apparently means *"with thee"; according to Tolkien’s later system, it would rather mean “with you” pl. Compare aselyë “with thee” sg. in a later source see as.

1 vocative particle "O" in a vanimar "O beautiful ones" LotR3:VI ch. 6, translated in Letters:308; also attested repeatedly in VT44:12 cf. 15: A Hrísto *"o Christ", A Eruion*"o God the son/son of God", a Aina Fairë *"o Holy Spirit", a aina Maria *"o holy Mary". 2 conj. "and", a variant of ar occurring in Fíriel's Song that also has ar; a seems to be used before words in f-, but contrast ar formenna *”and northwards” in a late text, VT49:26. According to PE17:41, “Old Quenya” could have the conjunction a as a variant of ar before n, ñ, m, h, hy, hw f is not mentioned, PE17:71 adding ty, ny, hr, hl, ñ, l, r,þ, s. See ar \#1. It may be that the a or the sentence nornë a lintieryanen “he ran with his speed” i.e. as quickly as he could is to be understood as this conjunction, if the literal meaning is *“he ran and did so with his speed” PE17:58. 3, also á, imperative particle. An imperative with “immediate time reference” is expressed by á in front of the verb or “occasionally after it, sometimes before and after for emphasis”, with the verb following in “the simplest form also used for the uninflected ‘aorist’ without specific time reference past or present or future” PE17:93. Cf. a laita te, laita te! "o bless them, bless them!", á vala Manwë! "may Manwë order it!", literally *"o rule Manwë!" see laita, vala for reference; cf. also á carë *“do!”, á ricë “try!”, á lirë “sing!”, á menë “proceed!”, a norë “run!” PE17:92-93, notice short a in this example, á tula *"come!" VT43:14. In the last example, the verb tul- “come” receives an ending -a that probably represents the suffixed form of the imperative particle, this apparently being an example of the imperative element occurring both “before and after” the verbal stem “for emphasis” PE17:93. This ending may also appear on its own with no preceding a/á, as in the command queta “speak!” PE17:138. Other examples of imperatives with suffixed -a include cena and tira VT47:31, see cen-, tir-; the imperatives of these same verbs are however also attested as á tirë, á cenë PE17:94 with the imperative particle remaining independent and the following verb appearing as an uninflected aorist stem. This aorist can be plural to indicate a 3rd person pl. subject: á ricir! “let them try!” PE17:93. Alyë VT43:17, VT44:9 seems to be the imperative particle a with the pronominal suffix -lyë "you, thou" suffixed to indicate the subject who is to carry out the command; attested in the phrase alyë anta *"give thou" elided aly' in VT43:11, since the next word begins in e-: aly' eterúna me, *"do thou deliver us"; presumably other pronominal suffixes could likewise be added. The particle a is also present in the negative imperatives ala, \#ála or áva, q.v.

exclamation "I will not!" or "Do not!", interjection accompanied by a “jerk back of head” PE17:145. It was inflected only in the 1st person sing. and 1st person pl. exclusive: ván, ványë "I won't!", vammë "we won't" WJ:371, PE17:143; read *valmë in Second Edition Quenya, after Tolkien revised the pronominal suffixes in the sixties.

noun "Valley of Singing Gold", an earlier name of Laurenandë Lórien UT:253; laurelindórenan lindelorendor malinornélion ornemalin *"Goldenlight-music-land-valley music-dream-land of yellow-trees tree-yellow", Quenya elements agglutinated in Entish fashion; this supposedly means something like "the valley where the trees in a golden light sing musically, a land of music and dreams; there are yellow trees there, it is a tree-yellow land" LotR2:III ch. 4, translated in Letters:308. The last word ornemalin is defined in as “bearing yellow flowers” in PE17:80.