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1 sin
1 a word either meaning "thus" adverb or "this" as an independent word in the sentence, not modifying another word like sina does. Attested in the sentence sin quentë Quendingoldo Elendilenna, either *"this Pengolodh said to Elendil" or "thus spoke Pengolodh to Elendil" PM:401. Patrick Wynne argues that sin is an adverb thus derived from the stem si- this by me VT49:18 2 adv., a form of sí "now" q.v. often occurring before vowels; also sín SI. However, sí itself q.v. may also appear before a vowel. -
2 sí
adv. "now" Nam, RGEO:67, LR:47, SD:310, VT43:34, VT49:18, PE17:94, sin SI, LR:47 or sín SD:247, 310 before vowels. Compare the distribution of a/an in English, though in his Quenya version of Hail Mary, Tolkien used sí also before a vowel sí ar "now and", VT43:28. Si, a short or incompletely annotated form of sí VT43:26, 34. In Fíriel's Song, sí is translated "here". -
3 úcarë
noun "debt, trespass" úcaremmar "our debts, our trespasses", VT43:19. The related words \#úcar- to sin and \#úcarindo sinner would suggest that \#úcarë can also be translated sin. One may question whether the simplex form is \#úcarë or just \#úcar + -e- as a mere connecting vowel before the pronominal ending in úcaremmar, but compare lacarë, hrúcarë. -
4 sina
demonstrative "this" following its noun in our sole example: vanda sina "this oath". CO, VT49:18; in the latter source, sina is called an adjective. This word would, like Sindarin hen, be derived from primitive ¤sĭnā VT49:34. Cf. sin \#1. -
5 úcar-
vb. "to sin, trespass; to do wrong" pl. aorist úcarer in VT43:12, we would rather expect *úcarir, a form seemingly indicated by an emendation in one variant of the text in question, VT43:21. The verb is car- "do" with the prefix ú-, here suggesting something morally bad *"do wrong" rather than simple negation.
См. также в других словарях:
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