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similarly

  • 1 similarly

    similarly ['sɪmɪləlɪ]
    (a) (in a similar way) d'une façon similaire;
    ∎ the houses are similarly constructed les maisons sont construites sur le même modèle;
    ∎ other people were similarly treated d'autres personnes ont été traitées de la même manière
    (b) (likewise) de même;
    ∎ similarly, it is obvious that… de même, il est évident que… + indicative

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > similarly

  • 2 similarly

    similarly [ˈsɪmɪləlɪ]
    [treat, behave] de la même façon
    • similarly, we think that... de même, nous pensons que...
    * * *
    ['sɪmɪləlɪ]
    adverb [behave, dressed] de la même façon; [elaborate, hostile] aussi (before adj)

    and similarly,... — et de même,...

    English-French dictionary > similarly

  • 3 similarly

    similarly adv [behave, react, dressed, arranged] de la même façon, de façon similaire ; [elaborate, hostile, distasteful] aussi ( before adj) ; and similarly,… et de même,…

    Big English-French dictionary > similarly

  • 4 similarly

    adverb (in the same, or a similar, way.) de la même façon

    English-French dictionary > similarly

  • 5 Colours

    Not all English colour terms have a single exact equivalent in French: for instance, in some circumstances brown is marron, in others brun. If in doubt, look the word up in the dictionary.
    Colour terms
    what colour is it?
    = c’est de quelle couleur? or (more formally) de quelle couleur est-il?
    it’s green
    = il est vert or elle est verte
    to paint sth green
    = peindre qch en vert
    to dye sth green
    = teindre qch en vert
    to wear green
    = porter du vert
    dressed in green
    = habillé de vert
    Colour nouns are all masculine in French:
    I like green
    = j’aime le vert
    I prefer blue
    = je préfère le bleu
    red suits her
    = le rouge lui va bien
    it’s a pretty yellow!
    = c’est un joli jaune!
    have you got it in white?
    = est-ce que vous l’avez en blanc?
    a pretty shade of blue
    = un joli ton de bleu
    it was a dreadful green
    = c’était un vert affreux
    a range of greens
    = une gamme de verts
    Most adjectives of colour agree with the noun they modify:
    a blue coat
    = un manteau bleu
    a blue dress
    = une robe bleue
    blue clothes
    = des vêtements bleus
    Some that don’t agree are explained below.
    Words that are not true adjectives
    Some words that translate English adjectives are really nouns in French, and so don’t show agreement:
    a brown shoe
    = une chaussure marron
    orange tablecloths
    = des nappes fpl orange
    hazel eyes
    = des yeux mpl noisette
    Other French words like this include: cerise ( cherry-red), chocolat ( chocolate-brown) and émeraude ( emerald-green).
    Shades of colour
    Expressions like pale blue, dark green or light yellow are also invariable in French and show no agreement:
    a pale blue shirt
    = une chemise bleu pâle
    dark green blankets
    = des couvertures fpl vert foncé
    a light yellow tie
    = une cravate jaune clair
    bright yellow socks
    = des chaussettes fpl jaune vif
    French can also use the colour nouns here: instead of une chemise bleu pâle you could say une chemise d’un bleu pâle ; and similarly des couvertures d’un vert foncé (etc). The nouns in French are normally used to translate English adjectives of this type ending in -er and -est:
    a darker blue
    = un bleu plus foncé
    the dress was a darker blue
    = la robe était d’un bleu plus foncé
    Similarly:
    a lighter blue
    = un bleu plus clair (etc.)
    In the following examples, blue stands for most basic colour terms:
    pale blue
    = bleu pâle
    light blue
    = bleu clair
    bright blue
    = bleu vif
    dark blue
    = bleu foncé
    deep blue
    = bleu profond
    strong blue
    = bleu soutenu
    Other types of compound in French are also invariable, and do not agree with their nouns:
    a navy-blue jacket
    = une veste bleu marine
    These compounds include: bleu ciel ( sky-blue), vert pomme ( apple-green), bleu nuit ( midnight-blue), rouge sang ( blood-red) etc. However, all English compounds do not translate directly into French. If in doubt, check in the dictionary.
    French compounds consisting of two colour terms linked with a hyphen are also invariable:
    a blue-black material
    = une étoffe bleu-noir
    a greenish-blue cup
    = une tasse bleu-vert
    a greeny-yellow dress
    = une robe vert-jaune
    English uses the ending -ish, or sometimes -y, to show that something is approximately a certain colour, e.g. a reddish hat or a greenish paint. The French equivalent is -âtre:
    blue-ish
    = bleuâtre
    greenish or greeny
    = verdâtre
    greyish
    = grisâtre
    reddish
    = rougeâtre
    yellowish or yellowy
    = jaunâtre
    etc.
    Other similar French words are rosâtre, noirâtre and blanchâtre. Note however that these words are often rather negative in French. It is better not to use them if you want to be complimentary about something. Use instead tirant sur le rouge/jaune etc.
    To describe a special colour, English can add -coloured to a noun such as raspberry (framboise) or flesh (chair). Note how this is said in French, where the two-word compound with couleur is invariable, and, unlike English, never has a hyphen:
    a chocolate-coloured skirt
    = une jupe couleur chocolat
    raspberry-coloured fabric
    = du tissu couleur framboise
    flesh-coloured tights
    = un collant couleur chair
    Colour verbs
    English makes some colour verbs by adding -en (e.g. blacken). Similarly French has some verbs in -ir made from colour terms:
    to blacken
    = noircir
    to redden
    = rougir
    to whiten
    = blanchir
    The other French colour terms that behave like this are: bleu (bleuir), jaune (jaunir), rose (rosir) and vert (verdir). It is always safe, however, to use devenir, thus:
    to turn purple
    = devenir violet
    Describing people
    Note the use of the definite article in the following:
    to have black hair
    = avoir les cheveux noirs
    to have blue eyes
    = avoir les yeux bleus
    Note the use of à in the following:
    a girl with blue eyes
    = une jeune fille aux yeux bleus
    the man with black hair
    = l’homme aux cheveux noirs
    Not all colours have direct equivalents in French. The following words are used for describing the colour of someone’s hair (note that les cheveux is plural in French):
    fair
    = blond
    dark
    = brun
    blonde or blond
    = blond
    brown
    = châtain inv
    red
    = roux
    black
    = noir
    grey
    = gris
    white
    = blanc
    Check other terms such as yellow, ginger, auburn, mousey etc. in the dictionary.
    Note these nouns in French:
    a fair-haired man
    = un blond
    a fair-haired woman
    = une blonde
    a dark-haired man
    = un brun
    a dark-haired woman
    = une brune
    The following words are useful for describing the colour of someone’s eyes:
    blue
    = bleu
    light blue
    = bleu clair inv
    light brown
    = marron clair inv
    brown
    = marron inv
    hazel
    = noisette inv
    green
    = vert
    grey
    = gris
    greyish-green
    = gris-vert inv
    dark
    = noir

    Big English-French dictionary > Colours

  • 6 likewise

    likewise [ˈlaɪkwaɪz]
    ( = similarly) de même ; ( = also) également ; ( = moreover) de plus
    * * *
    ['laɪkwaɪz]
    adverb ( similarly) également, de même; ( also) aussi, de même

    English-French dictionary > likewise

  • 7 outsourcing

    externalisation f

    Organizations are increasingly turning to outsourcing in an attempt to enhance their competitiveness. Chrysler, for example, outsources 100% of the manufacture of half of its minicompact and subcompact cars. Furthermore, Chrysler and Ford currently produce less than one-half of the value of all their vehicles in-house. Similarly, Boeing has begun to rely more heavily on outsourcing partners to manufacture its aircraft.

    English-French business dictionary > outsourcing

  • 8 pellet

    ['pelit]
    (a little ball or similarly-shaped object: He bought a box of lead pellets for his gun.) boulette, grain

    English-French dictionary > pellet

  • 9 similar

    ['similə]
    ((often with to) alike in many (often most) ways: My house is similar to yours; Our jobs are similar.) semblable
    - similarly

    English-French dictionary > similar

  • 10 imitate

    1 ( behave similarly to) imiter ;
    2 ( mimic) imiter ; to imitate sb to the life imiter qn à merveille ; to imitate a cock crowing imiter le chant du coq ; art imitates life l'art imite le réel ;
    3 ( copy) copier [handwriting, design].

    Big English-French dictionary > imitate

  • 11 likewise

    likewise adv ( similarly) également, de même ; ( also) aussi, de même ; likewise, students feel that… les étudiants également trouvent que… ; I'm leaving and I suggest you do likewise je pars, et je te conseille de faire de même ; I'm well and my parents likewise je vais bien et mes parents de même ou aussi ; ‘pleased to meet you!’-‘likewise, I'm sure!’ ‘enchanté!’-‘et moi de même!’

    Big English-French dictionary > likewise

  • 12 The clock

    What time is it?
    In timetables etc., the twenty-four hour clock is used, so that 4 pm is seize heures. In ordinary usage, one says quatre heures (de l’après-midi).
    what time is it?
    = quelle heure est-il?
    my watch says five o’clock
    = il est cinq heures à ma montre
    could you tell me the time?
    = pouvez-vous me donner l’heure?
    it’s exactly four o’clock
    = il est quatre heures juste or il est exactement quatre heures
    it’s about four
    = il est environ quatre heures
    it’s almost three o’clock
    = il est presque trois heures
    it’s just before six o’clock
    = il va être six heures
    it’s just after five o’clock
    = il est à peine plus de cinq heures
    it’s gone five
    = il est cinq heures passées
    When?
    French never drops the word heures: at five is à cinq heures and so on.
    French always uses à, whether or not English includes the word at. The only exception is when there is another preposition present, as in vers cinq heures (towards five o’clock), avant cinq heures (before five o’clock) etc.
    what time did it happen?
    = à quelle heure cela s’est-il passé?
    what time will he come at?
    = à quelle heure va-t-il venir?
    it happened at two o’clock
    = c’est arrivé à deux heures
    he’ll come at four
    = il viendra à quatre heures
    at ten past four
    = à quatre heures dix
    at half past eight
    = à huit heures et demie
    at three o’clock exactly
    = à trois heures précises
    at about five
    = vers cinq heures or à cinq heures environ
    at five at the latest
    = à cinq heures au plus tard
    a little after nine
    = un peu après neuf heures
    it must be ready by ten
    = il faut que ce soit prêt avant dix heures
    I’ll be here until 6 pm
    = je serai là jusqu’à six heures du soir
    I won’t be here until 6 pm
    = je ne serai pas là avant six heures du soir
    it lasts from seven till nine
    = cela dure de sept à neuf heures
    closed from 1 to 2 pm
    = fermé entre treize et quatorze heures
    every hour on the hour
    = toutes les heures à l’heure juste
    at ten past every hour
    = toutes les heures à dix
    † This fuller form is possible in all similar cases in this list. It is used only in ‘official’ styles.
    ‡ Quatre heures et quart sounds less official than quatre heures quinze ( and similarly et demie and moins le quart are the less official forms). The demie and quart forms are not used with the 24-hour clock.
    § Demi agrees when it follows its noun, but not when it comes before the noun to which it is hyphenated, e.g. quatre heures et demie but les demi-heures etc. Note that midi and minuit are masculine, so midi et demi and minuit et demi.

    Big English-French dictionary > The clock

  • 13 Illnesses, aches and pains

    Where does it hurt?
    where does it hurt?
    = où est-ce que ça vous fait mal? or (more formally) où avez-vous mal?
    his leg hurts
    = sa jambe lui fait mal
    ( Do not confuse faire mal à qn with the phrase faire du mal à qn, which means to harm sb.)
    he has a pain in his leg
    = il a mal à la jambe
    Note that with avoir mal à French uses the definite article (la) with the part of the body, where English has a possessive (his), hence:
    his head was aching
    = il avait mal à la tête
    English has other ways of expressing this idea, but avoir mal à fits them too:
    he had toothache
    = il avait mal aux dents
    his ears hurt
    = il avait mal aux oreilles
    Accidents
    she broke her leg
    = elle s’est cassé la jambe
    Elle s’est cassé la jambe means literally she broke to herself the leg ; because the se is an indirect object, the past participle cassé does not agree. This is true of all such constructions:
    she sprained her ankle
    = elle s’est foulé la cheville
    they burned their hands
    = ils se sont brûlé les mains
    Chronic conditions
    Note that the French often use fragile (weak) to express a chronic condition:
    he has a weak heart
    = il a le cœur fragile
    he has kidney trouble
    = il a les reins fragiles
    he has a bad back
    = il a le dos fragile
    Being ill
    Mostly French uses the definite article with the name of an illness:
    to have flu
    = avoir la grippe
    to have measles
    = avoir la rougeole
    to have malaria
    = avoir la malaria
    This applies to most infectious diseases, including childhood illnesses. However, note the exceptions ending in -ite (e.g. une hépatite, une méningite) below.
    When the illness affects a specific part of the body, French uses the indefinite article:
    to have cancer
    = avoir un cancer
    to have cancer of the liver
    = avoir un cancer du foie
    to have pneumonia
    = avoir une pneumonie
    to have cirrhosis
    = avoir une cirrhose
    to have a stomach ulcer
    = avoir un ulcère à l’estomac
    Most words in -ite ( English -itis) work like this:
    to have bronchitis
    = avoir une bronchite
    to have hepatitis
    = avoir une hépatite
    When the illness is a generalized condition, French tends to use du, de l’, de la or des:
    to have rheumatism
    = avoir des rhumatismes
    to have emphysema
    = avoir de l’emphysème
    to have asthma
    = avoir de l’asthme
    to have arthritis
    = avoir de l’arthrite
    One exception here is:
    to have hay fever
    = avoir le rhume des foins
    When there is an adjective for such conditions, this is often preferred in French:
    to have asthma
    = être asthmatique
    to have epilepsy
    = être épileptique
    Such adjectives can be used as nouns to denote the person with the illness, e.g. un/une asthmatique and un/une épileptique etc.
    French has other specific words for people with certain illnesses:
    someone with cancer
    = un cancéreux/une cancéreuse
    If in doubt check in the dictionary.
    English with is translated by qui a or qui ont, and this is always safe:
    someone with malaria
    = quelqu’un qui a la malaria
    people with Aids
    = les gens qui ont le Sida
    Falling ill
    The above guidelines about the use of the definite and indefinite articles in French hold good for talking about the onset of illnesses.
    French has no general equivalent of to get. However, where English can use catch, French can use attraper:
    to catch mumps
    = attraper les oreillons
    to catch malaria
    = attraper la malaria
    to catch bronchitis
    = attraper une bronchite
    to catch a cold
    = attraper un rhume
    Similarly where English uses contract, French uses contracter:
    to contract Aids
    = contracter le Sida
    to contract pneumonia
    = contracter une pneumonie
    to contract hepatitis
    = contracter une hépatite
    For attacks of chronic illnesses, French uses faire une crise de:
    to have a bout of malaria
    = faire une crise de malaria
    to have an asthma attack
    = faire une crise d’asthme
    to have an epileptic fit
    = faire une crise d’épilepsie
    Treatment
    to be treated for polio
    = se faire soigner contre la polio
    to take something for hay fever
    = prendre quelque chose contre le rhume des foins
    he’s taking something for his cough
    = il prend quelque chose contre la toux
    to prescribe something for a cough
    = prescrire un médicament contre la toux
    malaria tablets
    = des cachets contre la malaria
    to have a cholera vaccination
    = se faire vacciner contre le choléra
    to be vaccinated against smallpox
    = se faire vacciner contre la variole
    to be immunized against smallpox
    = se faire immuniser contre la variole
    to have a tetanus injection
    = se faire vacciner contre le tétanos
    to give sb a tetanus injection
    = vacciner qn contre le tétanos
    to be operated on for cancer
    = être opéré d’un cancer
    to operate on sb for appendicitis
    = opérer qn de l’appendicite

    Big English-French dictionary > Illnesses, aches and pains

  • 14 Numbers

    0 zéro*
    1 un†
    2 deux
    3 trois
    4 quatre
    5 cinq
    6 six
    7 sept
    8 huit
    9 neuf
    10 dix
    11 onze
    12 douze
    13 treize
    14 quatorze
    15 quinze
    16 seize
    17 dix-sept
    18 dix-huit
    19 dix-neuf
    20 vingt
    21 vingt et un
    22 vingt-deux
    30 trente
    31 trente et un
    32 trente-deux
    40 quarante
    50 cinquante
    60 soixante
    70 soixante-dix
    septante (in Belgium, Canada, Switzerland etc.)
    71 soixante et onze
    septante et un ( etc)
    72 soixante-douze
    73 soixante-treize
    74 soixante-quatorze
    75 soixante-quinze
    76 soixante-seize
    77 soixante-dix-sept
    78 soixante-dix-nuit
    79 soixante-dix-neuf
    80 quatre-vingts‡
    81 quatre-vingt-un§
    82 quatre-vingt-deux
    90 quatre-vingt-dix ; nonante (in Belgium, Canada, Switzerland, etc)
    91 quatre-vingt-onze ; nonante et un
    92 quatre-vingt-douze ; nonante-deux ( etc.)
    99 quatre-vingt-dix-neuf
    100 cent
    101 cent un†
    102 cent deux
    110 cent dix
    111 cent onze
    112 cent douze
    187 cent quatre-vingt-sept
    200 deux cents
    250 deux cent|| cinquante
    300 trois cents
    1000 || mille
    1001 mille un†
    1002 mille deux
    1020 mille vingt
    1200 mille** deux cents
    2000 deux mille††
    10000 dix mille
    10200 dix mille deux cents
    100000 cent mille
    102000 cent deux mille
    1000000 un million‡‡
    1264932 un million deux cent soixante-quatre mille neuf cent trente-deux
    1000000000 un milliard‡‡
    1000000000000 un billion‡‡
    * In English 0 may be called nought, zero or even nothing ; French is always zéro ; a nought = un zéro.
    † Note that one is une in French when it agrees with a feminine noun, so un crayon but une table, une des tables, vingt et une tables, combien de tables? - il y en a une seule etc.
    ‡ Also huitante in Switzerland. Note that when 80 is used as a page number it has no s, e.g. page eighty = page quatre-vingt.
    § Note that vingt has no s when it is in the middle of a number. The only exception to this rule is when quatre-vingts is followed by millions, milliards or billions, e.g. quatre-vingts millions, quatre-vingts billions etc.
    Note that cent does not take an s when it is in the middle of a number. The only exception to this rule is when it is followed by millions, milliards or billions, e.g. trois cents millions, six cents billions etc. It has a normal plural when it modifies other nouns, e.g. 200 inhabitants = deux cents habitants.
    || Note that figures in French are set out differently ; where English would have a comma, French has simply a space. It is also possible in French to use a full stop (period) here, e.g. 1.000. French, like English, writes dates without any separation between thousands and hundreds, e.g. in 1995 = en 1995.
    ** When such a figure refers to a date, the spelling mil is preferred to mille, i.e. en 1200 = en mil deux cents. Note however the exceptions: when the year is a round number of thousands, the spelling is always mille, so en l’an mille, en l’an deux mille etc.
    †† Mille is invariable ; it never takes an s.
    ‡‡ Note that the French words million, milliard and billion are nouns, and when written out in full they take de before another noun, e.g. a million inhabitants is un million d’habitants, a billion francs is un billion de francs. However, when written in figures, 1,000,000 inhabitants is 1000000 habitants, but is still spoken as un million d’habitants. When million etc. is part of a complex number, de is not used before the nouns, e.g. 6,000,210 people = six millions deux cent dix personnes.
    Use of en
    Note the use of en in the following examples:
    there are six
    = il y en a six
    I’ve got a hundred
    = j’en ai cent
    En must be used when the thing you are talking about is not expressed (the French says literally there of them are six, I of them have a hundred etc.). However, en is not needed when the object is specified:
    there are six apples
    = il y a six pommes
    Approximate numbers
    When you want to say about…, remember the French ending -aine:
    about ten
    = une dizaine
    about ten books
    = une dizaine de livres
    about fifteen
    = une quinzaine
    about fifteen people
    = une quinzaine de personnes
    about twenty
    = une vingtaine
    about twenty hours
    = une vingtaine d’heures
    Similarly une trentaine, une quarantaine, une cinquantaine, une soixantaine and une centaine ( and une douzaine means a dozen). For other numbers, use environ (about):
    about thirty-five
    = environ trente-cinq
    about thirty-five francs
    = environ trente-cinq francs
    about four thousand
    = environ quatre mille
    about four thousand pages
    = environ quatre mille pages
    Environ can be used with any number: environ dix, environ quinze etc. are as good as une dizaine, une quinzaine etc.
    Note the use of centaines and milliers to express approximate quantities:
    hundreds of books
    = des centaines de livres
    I’ve got hundreds
    = j’en ai des centaines
    hundreds and hundreds of fish
    = des centaines et des centaines de poissons
    I’ve got thousands
    = j’en ai des milliers
    thousands of books
    = des milliers de livres
    thousands and thousands
    = des milliers et des milliers
    millions and millions
    = des millions et des millions
    Phrases
    numbers up to ten
    = les nombres jusqu’à dix
    to count up to ten
    = compter jusqu’à dix
    almost ten
    = presque dix
    less than ten
    = moins de dix
    more than ten
    = plus de dix
    all ten of them
    = tous les dix
    all ten boys
    = les dix garçons
    Note the French word order:
    my last ten pounds
    = mes dix dernières livres
    the next twelve weeks
    = les douze prochaines semaines
    the other two
    = les deux autres
    the last four
    = les quatre derniers
    Calculations in French
    Note that French uses a comma where English has a decimal point.
    0,25 zéro virgule vingt-cinq
    0,05 zéro virgule zéro cinq
    0,75 zéro virgule soixante-quinze
    3,45 trois virgule quarante-cinq
    8,195 huit virgule cent quatre-vingt-quinze
    9,1567 neuf virgule quinze cent soixante-sept
    or neuf virgule mille cinq cent soixante-sept
    9,3456 neuf virgule trois mille quatre cent cinquante-six
    Percentages in French
    25% vingt-cinq pour cent
    50% cinquante pour cent
    100% cent pour cent
    200% deux cents pour cent
    365% troix cent soixante-cinq pour cent
    4,25% quatre virgule vingt-cinq pour cent
    Fractions in French
    Ordinal numbers in French§
    1st 1er‡ premier ( feminine première)
    2nd 2e second or deuxième
    3rd 3e troisième
    4th 4e quatrième
    5th 5e cinquième
    6th 6e sixième
    7th 7e septième
    8th 8e huitième
    9th 9e neuvième
    10th 10e dixième
    11th 11e onzième
    12th 12e douzième
    13th 13e treizième
    14th 14e quatorzième
    15th 15e quinzième
    16th 16e seizième
    17th 17e dix-septième
    18th 18e dix-huitième
    19th 19e dix-neuvième
    20th 20e vingtième
    21st 21e vingt et unième
    22nd 22e vingt-deuxième
    23rd 23e vingt-troisième
    24th 24e vingt-quatrième
    25th 25e vingt-cinquième
    30th 30e trentième
    31st 31e trente et unième
    40th 40e quarantième
    50th 50e cinquantième
    60th 60e soixantième
    70th 70e soixante-dixième or septantième (in Belgium, Canada, Switzerland etc.)
    71st 71e soixante et onzième or septante et unième (etc.)
    72nd 72e soixante-douzième
    73rd 73e soixante-treizième
    74th 74e soixante-quatorzième
    75th 75e soixante-quinzième
    76th 76e soixante-seizième
    77th 77e soixante-dix-septième
    78th 78e soixante-dix-huitième
    79th 79e soixante-dix-neuvième
    80th 80e quatre-vingtième¶
    81st 81e quatre-vingt-unième
    90th 90e quatre-vingt-dixième or nonantième (in Belgium, Canada, Switzerland etc.)
    91st 91e quatre-vingt-onzième, or nonante et unième (etc.)
    99th 99e quatre-vingt-dix-neuvième
    100th 100e centième
    101st 101e cent et unième
    102nd 102e cent-deuxième
    196th 196e cent quatre-vingt-seizième
    200th 200e deux centième
    300th 300e trois centième
    400th 400e quatre centième
    1,000th 1000e millième
    2,000th 2000e deux millième
    1,000,000th 1000000e millionième
    Like English, French makes nouns by adding the definite article:
    the first
    = le premier (or la première, or les premiers mpl or les premières fpl)
    the second
    = le second (or la seconde etc.)
    the first three
    = les trois premiers or les trois premières
    Note the French word order in:
    the third richest country in the world
    = le troisième pays le plus riche du monde
    * Note that half, when not a fraction, is translated by the noun moitié or the adjective demi ; see the dictionary entry.
    † Note the use of les and d’entre when these fractions are used about a group of people or things: two-thirds of them = les deux tiers d’entre eux.
    ‡ This is the masculine form ; the feminine is 1re and the plural 1ers (m) or 1res (f).
    § All the ordinal numbers in French behave like ordinary adjectives and take normal plural endings where appropriate.
    Also huitantième in Switzerland.

    Big English-French dictionary > Numbers

  • 15 Swiss cantons

    All names of cantons are masculine, and the definite article is normally used:
    Ticino
    = le Tessin
    Valais
    = le Valais
    Graubünden
    = les Grisons
    So:
    I like Ticino
    = j’aime le Tessin
    the Valais is beautiful
    = le Valais est beau
    do you know Graubünden?
    = connaissez-vous les Grisons?
    Many cantons have names which are also names of towns. If you are not sure of the name in French, le canton de X is usually safe, and in some cases this is the only form available, as, for instance, le canton de Vaud ( because le Vaud sounds like le veau = the calf). Similarly it is usual to say le canton de Lucerne, le canton de Berne, le canton de Fribourg to distinguish them from the towns bearing those names).
    In, to and from somewhere
    For in and to, use dans le or dans les, and for from use du or des:
    to live in the Valais
    = vivre dans le Valais
    to go to the Valais
    = aller dans le Valais
    to come from the Valais
    = venir du Valais
    to live in Graubünden
    = vivre dans les Grisons
    to go to Graubünden
    = aller dans les Grisons
    to come from Graubünden
    = venir des Grisons
    to live in the Vaud
    = vivre dans le canton de Vaud
    to go to the Vaud
    = aller dans le canton de Vaud
    to come from the Vaud
    = venir du canton de Vaud
    Uses with other nouns
    There are a number of words used as adjectives and as nouns referring to the people of the canton, e.g.: bernois, valaisan, vaudois. When nouns, these start with a capital letter.
    However, it is always safe to make a phrase with du, de l’ or des:
    a Valais accent
    = un accent du Valais
    the Graubünden area
    = la région des Grisons
    the Vaud countryside
    = les paysages du canton de Vaud

    Big English-French dictionary > Swiss cantons

  • 16 Towns and cities

    Occasionally the gender of a town is clear because the name includes the definite article, e.g. Le Havre or La Rochelle. In most other cases, there is some hesitation, and it is always safer to avoid the problem by using la ville de:
    Toulouse is beautiful
    = la ville de Toulouse est belle
    In, to and from somewhere
    For in and to with the name of a town, use à in French ; if the French name includes the definite article, à will become au, à la, à l’ or aux:
    to live in Toulouse
    = vivre à Toulouse
    to go to Toulouse
    = aller à Toulouse
    to live in Le Havre
    = vivre au Havre
    to go to Le Havre
    = aller au Havre
    to live in La Rochelle
    = vivre à La Rochelle
    to go to La Rochelle
    = aller à La Rochelle
    to live in Les Arcs
    = vivre aux Arcs
    to go to Les Arcs
    = aller aux Arcs
    Similarly, from is de, becoming du, de la, de l’ or des when it combines with the definite article in town names:
    to come from Toulouse
    = venir de Toulouse
    to come from Le Havre
    = venir du Havre
    to come from La Rochelle
    = venir de La Rochelle
    to come from Les Arcs
    = venir des Arcs
    Belonging to a town or city
    English sometimes has specific words for people of a certain city or town, such as Londoners, New Yorkers or Parisians, but mostly we talk of the people of Leeds or the inhabitants of San Francisco. On the other hand, most towns in French-speaking countries have a corresponding adjective and noun, and a list of the best-known of these is given at the end of this note.
    The noun forms, spelt with a capital letter, mean a person from X:
    the inhabitants of Bordeaux
    = les Bordelais mpl
    the people of Strasbourg
    = les Strasbourgeois mpl
    The adjective forms, spelt with a small letter, are often used where in English the town name is used as an adjective:
    Paris shops
    = les magasins parisiens
    However, some of these French words are fairly rare, and it is always safe to say les habitants de X, or, for the adjective, simply de X. Here are examples of this, using some of the nouns that commonly combine with the names of towns:
    a Bordeaux accent
    = un accent de Bordeaux
    Toulouse airport
    = l’aéroport de Toulouse
    the La Rochelle area
    = la région de La Rochelle
    Limoges buses
    = les autobus de Limoges
    the Le Havre City Council
    = le conseil municipal du Havre
    Lille representatives
    = les représentants de Lille
    Les Arcs restaurants
    = les restaurants des Arcs
    the Geneva road
    = la route de Genève
    Brussels streets
    = les rues de Bruxelles
    the Angers team
    = l’équipe d’Angers
    the Avignon train
    = le train d’Avignon
    but note
    Orleans traffic
    = la circulation à Orléans
    Names of cities and towns in French-speaking countries and their adjectives
    Remember that when these adjectives are used as nouns, meaning a person from X or the people of X, they are spelt with capital letters.
    Aix-en-Provence = aixois(e)
    Alger = algérois(e)
    Angers = angevin(e)
    Arles = arlésien(ne)
    Auxerre = auxerrois(e)
    Avignon = avignonnais(e)
    Bastia = bastiais(e)
    Bayonne = bayonnais(e)
    Belfort = belfortain(e)
    Berne = bernois(e)
    Besançon = bisontin(e)
    Béziers = biterrois(e)
    Biarritz = biarrot(e)
    Bordeaux = bordelais(e)
    Boulogne-sur-Mer = boulonnais(e)
    Bourges = berruyer(-ère)
    Brest = brestois(e)
    Bruges = brugeois(e)
    Bruxelles = bruxellois(e)
    Calais = calaisien(ne)
    Cannes = cannais(e)
    Carcassonne = carcassonnais(e)
    Chambéry = chambérien(ne)
    Chamonix = chamoniard(e)
    Clermont-Ferrand = clermontois(e)
    Die = diois(e)
    Dieppe = dieppois(e)
    Dijon = dijonnais(e)
    Dunkerque = dunkerquois(e)
    Fontainebleau = bellifontain(e)
    Gap = gapençais(e)
    Genève = genevois(e)
    Grenoble = grenoblois(e)
    Havre, Le = havrais(e)
    Lens = lensois(e)
    Liège = liégeois(e)
    Lille = lillois(e)
    Lourdes = lourdais(e)
    Luxembourg = luxembourgeois(e)
    Lyon = lyonnais(e)
    Mâcon = mâconnais(e)
    Marseille = marseillais(e) or phocéen(ne)
    Metz = messin(e)
    Modane = modanais(e)
    Montpellier = montpelliérain(e)
    Montréal = montréalais(e)
    Moulins = moulinois(e)
    Mulhouse = mulhousien(ne)
    Nancy = nancéien(ne)
    Nantes = nantais(e)
    Narbonne = narbonnais(e)
    Nevers = nivernais(e)
    Nice = niçois(e)
    Nîmes = nîmois(e)
    Orléans = orléanais(e)
    Paris = parisien(ne)
    Pau = palois(e)
    Périgueux = périgourdin(e)
    Perpignan = perpignanais(e)
    Poitiers = poitevin(e)
    Pont-à-Mousson = mussipontain(e)
    Québec = québécois(e)
    Reims = rémois(e)
    Rennes = rennais(e)
    Roanne = roannais(e)
    Rouen = rouennais(e)
    Saint-Étienne = stéphanois(e)
    Saint-Malo = malouin(e)
    Saint-Tropez = tropézien(ne)
    Sancerre = sancerrois(e)
    Sète = sétois(e)
    Sochaux = sochalien(ne)
    Strasbourg = strasbourgeois(e)
    Tarascon = tarasconnais(e)
    Tarbes = tarbais(e)
    Toulon = toulonnais(e)
    Toulouse = toulousain(e)
    Tours = tourangeau(-elle)
    Tunis = tunisois(e)
    Valence = valentinois(e)
    Valenciennes = valenciennois(e)
    Versailles = versaillais(e)
    Vichy = vichyssois(e)

    Big English-French dictionary > Towns and cities

  • 17 Usage note : that

    In French, determiners agree in gender and number with the noun they precede ; that is translated by ce + masculine singular noun ( ce monsieur), cet + masculine singular noun beginning with a vowel or mute ‘h’ ( cet homme) and cette + feminine singular noun ( cette femme) ; those is translated by ces.
    Note, however, that the above translations are also used for the English this (plural these). So when it is necessary to insist on that as opposed to another or others of the same sort, the adverbial tag -là is added to the noun:
    I prefer THAT version
    = je préfère cette version-là
    For particular usages, see the entry that.
    As a pronoun meaning that one, those ones
    In French, pronouns reflect the gender and number of the noun they are referring to. So that is translated by celui-là for a masculine noun, celle-là for a feminine noun and those is translated by ceux-là for a masculine noun and celles-là for a feminine noun:
    I think I like that one (dress) best
    = je crois que je préfère celle-là
    For other uses of that, those as pronouns (e.g. who’s that?) and for adverbial use (e.g. that much, that many) there is no straightforward translation, so see the entry that for examples of usage.
    When used as a relative pronoun, that is translated by qui when it is the subject of the verb and by que when it is the object:
    the man that stole the car
    = l’homme qui a volé la voiture
    the film that I saw
    = le film que j’ai vu
    Remember that in the present perfect and past perfect tenses, the past participle will agree
    with the noun to which que as object refers:
    the apples that I bought
    = les pommes que j’ai achetées
    When that is used as a relative pronoun with a preposition, it is translated by lequel when standing for a masculine singular noun, by laquelle when standing for a feminine singular noun, by lesquels when standing for a masculine plural noun and by lesquelles when standing for a feminine plural noun:
    the chair that I was sitting on
    = la chaise sur laquelle j’étais assise
    the children that I bought the books for
    = les enfants pour lesquels j’ai acheté les livres
    Remember that in cases where the English preposition used would normally be translated by à in French (e.g. to, at), the translation of the whole (prep + rel pron) will be auquel, à laquelle, auxquels, auxquelles:
    the girls that I was talking to
    = les filles auxquelles je parlais
    Similarly, where the English preposition used would normally be translated by de in French (e.g. of, from), the translation of the whole (prep + rel pron) will be dont in all cases:
    the Frenchman that I received a letter from
    = le Français dont j’ai reçu une lettre
    When used as a conjunction, that can almost always be translated by que (qu’ before a vowel or mute ‘h’):
    she said that she would do it
    = elle a dit qu’elle le ferait
    In certain verbal constructions, que is followed by a subjunctive in French. If you are in doubt about the construction to use, consult the appropriate verb entry. For particular usages see the entry that.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : that

  • 18 likewise

    likewise ['laɪkwaɪz]
    (a) (similarly) de même;
    ∎ likewise in Israel, talks are in progress en Israël aussi, des pourparlers ont été entamés;
    ∎ he worked hard and expected his daughters to do likewise il travaillait beaucoup et attendait de ses filles qu'elles fassent de même;
    ∎ and I suggest you do likewise et je suggère que tu en fasses autant;
    ∎ pleased to meet you - likewise ravi de vous rencontrer - moi de même
    (b) (by the same token) de même, de plus, en outre

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > likewise

  • 19 place

    place [pleɪs]
    endroit ⇒ 1 (a) lieu ⇒ 1 (a) maison ⇒ 1 (c) place ⇒ 1 (d)-(f), 1 (h), 1 (i) couvert ⇒ 1 (g) poste ⇒ 1 (h) avoir lieu ⇒ 1 (k) placer ⇒ 2 (a)-(d), 2 (g) (se) remettre ⇒ 2 (e) passer ⇒ 2 (f)
    1 noun
    (a) (gen → spot, location) endroit m, lieu m;
    ∎ this is the place c'est ici;
    ∎ place of death/amusement lieu m de décès/de divertissement;
    ∎ the place where the accident happened l'endroit où a eu lieu l'accident;
    ∎ keep the documents in a safe place gardez les documents en lieu sûr;
    ∎ store in a cool place (on packaging) à conserver au frais;
    ∎ this is neither the time nor the place to discuss it ce n'est ni le moment ni le lieu pour en discuter;
    ∎ this looks like a good place to pitch the tent l'endroit semble parfait pour monter la tente;
    ∎ I had no particular place to go je n'avais nulle part où aller;
    ∎ you can't be in two places at once on ne peut pas être en deux endroits à la fois;
    ∎ her leg is fractured in two places elle a deux fractures à la jambe;
    ∎ there are still one or two places where the text needs changing le texte doit encore être modifié en un ou deux endroits;
    ∎ to go places (travel) aller quelque part;
    ∎ figurative that girl will go places! cette fille ira loin!
    ∎ do you know the place well? est-ce que tu connais bien le coin?;
    ∎ she comes from a place called Barton elle vient d'un endroit qui s'appelle Barton;
    ∎ the whole place went up in flames (building) tout l'immeuble s'est embrasé; (house) toute la maison s'est embrasée;
    ∎ how long have you been working in this place? depuis combien de temps travaillez-vous ici?;
    ∎ we had lunch at a little place in the country nous avons déjeuné dans un petit restaurant de campagne;
    ∎ can you recommend a place to eat? pouvez-vous me recommander un restaurant?;
    ∎ I'm looking for a place to stay je cherche un logement;
    ∎ familiar to shout or to scream the place down hurler comme un forcené;
    ∎ the other place British University (at Oxford) Cambridge; (at Cambridge) Oxford; British Parliament (in House of Commons) la Chambre des Lords; (in House of Lords) la Chambre des Communes
    (c) (house) maison f; (flat) appartement m;
    ∎ they have a place in the country ils ont une maison de campagne;
    ∎ familiar nice place you've got here c'est joli chez toi□ ;
    ∎ familiar your place or mine? on va chez toi ou chez moi?□ ;
    ∎ familiar they met up at Ali's place ils se sont retrouvés chez Ali□
    (d) (position) place f;
    ∎ take your places! prenez vos places!;
    ∎ everything is in its place tout est à sa place;
    ∎ put it back in its proper place remets-le à sa place;
    ∎ it occupies a central place in his philosophy cela occupe une place centrale dans sa philosophie;
    ∎ I lost my place in the queue j'ai perdu ma place dans la file d'attente;
    ∎ I've lost my place (in a book) je ne sais plus où j'en étais;
    ∎ push the lever till it clicks into place poussez le levier jusqu'au déclic;
    ∎ figurative suddenly everything fell or clicked into place (I understood) tout à coup, ça a fait tilt; (everything went well) tout d'un coup, tout s'est arrangé;
    ∎ what would you do (if you were) in my place? que feriez-vous (si vous étiez) à ma place?;
    ∎ try and put yourself in his place essaie de te mettre à sa place;
    ∎ I wouldn't change places with her for anything pour rien au monde je n'aimerais être à sa place;
    ∎ his anger gave place to pity sa colère a fait place à un sentiment de pitié
    (e) (role, function) place f;
    ∎ robots took the place of human workers des robots ont remplacé les hommes dans l'accomplissement de leur tâche;
    ∎ if she leaves there's nobody to take or to fill her place si elle part, il n'y a personne pour la remplacer;
    ∎ it's not really my place to say ce n'est pas à moi de le dire
    (f) (seat → on train, in theatre etc) place f; (→ on committee) siège m;
    ∎ she gave up her place to an old man elle a offert sa place à un vieux monsieur;
    ∎ save me a place garde-moi une place;
    ∎ there are a few places left on the next flight il reste quelques places sur le prochain vol;
    ∎ she has a place on the new commission elle siège à la nouvelle commission;
    ∎ to change places with sb changer de place avec qn;
    ∎ we changed places so that he could sit by the window nous avons échangé nos places pour qu'il puisse s'asseoir près de la fenêtre
    (g) (table setting) couvert m;
    ∎ how many places should I set? combien de couverts dois-je mettre?
    (h) (post, vacancy) place f, poste m;
    ∎ to get a place at university être admis à l'université;
    ∎ there is keen competition for university places il y a une forte compétition pour les places en faculté
    (i) (ranking → in competition, hierarchy etc) place f;
    ∎ the prize for second place le prix pour la deuxième place;
    ∎ Brenda took third place in the race/exam Brenda a terminé troisième de la course/a été reçue troisième à l'examen;
    ∎ the team is in fifth place l'équipe est en cinquième position;
    ∎ Horseracing to back a horse for a place jouer un cheval placé;
    ∎ for me, work takes second place to my family pour moi, la famille passe avant le travail;
    ∎ he needs to find his place in society il a besoin de trouver sa place dans la société;
    ∎ I'll soon put him in his place j'aurai vite fait de le remettre à sa place;
    ∎ to know one's place savoir se tenir à sa place
    ∎ to three decimal places, to three places of decimals jusqu'à la troisième décimale
    ∎ the meeting will take place in Geneva la réunion aura lieu à Genève;
    ∎ many changes have taken place il y a eu beaucoup de changements;
    ∎ while this was taking place tandis que cela se passait
    ∎ no place nulle part;
    ∎ I'm not going any place je ne vais nulle part;
    ∎ some place quelque part;
    ∎ I've looked every place j'ai cherché partout
    (a) (put, set) placer, mettre;
    ∎ she placed the vase on the shelf elle a mis le vase sur l'étagère;
    ∎ to place a book back on a shelf remettre un livre (en place) sur un rayon;
    ∎ to place a book with a publisher confier un livre à un éditeur;
    ∎ he placed an ad in the local paper il a fait passer ou mis une annonce dans le journal local;
    ∎ the proposals have been placed before the committee les propositions ont été soumises au comité;
    ∎ to place a matter in sb's hands mettre une affaire dans les mains de qn;
    ∎ I place myself at your disposal je me mets à votre disposition
    ∎ to place sb in care placer qn;
    ∎ all the refugee children have been placed tous les enfants réfugiés ont été placés
    (c) (usu passive) (situate) placer, situer;
    ∎ the house is well placed la maison est bien située;
    ∎ strategically placed airfields des terrains d'aviation stratégiquement situés;
    ∎ you are better placed to judge than I am vous êtes mieux placé que moi pour en juger;
    ∎ British industry is well placed to… l'industrie britannique est à même de…;
    ∎ we met several people similarly placed nous avons rencontré plusieurs personnes qui se trouvaient dans la même situation;
    ∎ how are we placed for time? combien de temps avons-nous?;
    ∎ how are you placed for money at the moment? quelle est ta situation financière en ce moment?
    (d) (usu passive) (rank → in competition, race etc) placer, classer;
    ∎ she was placed third elle était en troisième position;
    ∎ the runners placed in the first five go through to the final les coureurs classés dans les cinq premiers participent à la finale;
    ∎ the horse we bet on wasn't even placed le cheval sur lequel nous avions parié n'est même pas arrivé placé;
    ∎ I would place her amongst the best writers of our time je la classerais parmi les meilleurs écrivains de notre époque
    (e) (identify) (se) remettre;
    ∎ I can't place him je n'arrive pas à (me) le remettre
    (f) (order, contract) passer ( with à);
    ∎ to place an order for sth passer commande de qch;
    ∎ to place a bet faire un pari;
    ∎ to place a bet on sb/sth parier sur qn/qch;
    ∎ place your bets! (in casino) faites vos jeux!
    (g) (invest → funds) placer; (sell → goods, shares) placer, vendre
    American (in racing) être placé
    familiar (everywhere) partout□ ; (untidy) en désordre□ ;
    ∎ you always leave your things all over the place! tu laisses toujours traîner tes affaires partout!;
    ∎ my hair's all over the place je suis complètement décoiffé□ ;
    ∎ figurative the team were all over the place l'équipe a joué n'importe comment□ ;
    ∎ these figures are all over the place (are inaccurate) ces chiffres ont été calculés n'importe comment□ ;
    ∎ at the interview he was all over the place (panicking, unclear) il a raconté n'importe quoi à l'entretien□
    (a) (steady) en place;
    ∎ hold it in place while I nail it in tiens-le en place pendant que je le cloue
    (b) (on the spot → run, jump) sur place
    à la place de;
    ∎ she came in place of her sister elle est venue à la place de sa sœur
    par endroits
    ∎ what drew your attention to it in the first place? qu'est-ce qui a attiré votre attention à l'origine ou en premier lieu?;
    ∎ I didn't want to come in the first place d'abord, je ne voulais même pas venir;
    ∎ in the first place, it's too big, and in the second place… premièrement, c'est trop grand, et deuxièmement…, primo, c'est trop grand, et secundo…
    ∎ the wardrobe looks out of place in such a small room l'armoire n'a pas l'air à sa place dans une pièce aussi petite;
    ∎ he felt out of place amongst so many young people il ne se sentait pas à sa place parmi tous les jeunes;
    ∎ he didn't look out of place il ne déparait pas;
    ∎ such remarks are out of place at a funeral de telles paroles sont déplacées lors d'un enterrement
    ►► place of birth lieu m de naissance;
    place of business lieu m de travail;
    place card = carte marquant la place de chaque convive à table;
    Marketing place of delivery lieu m de livraison;
    Finance place of issue lieu m d'émission;
    Sport place kick coup m de pied placé;
    place mat set m (de table);
    place of residence résidence f, domicile m (réel);
    British Law place of safety order = ordonnance autorisant une personne ou un organisme à garder des enfants maltraités en lieu sûr;
    place setting couvert m;
    place of work lieu m de travail;
    place of worship lieu m de culte

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > place

См. также в других словарях:

  • Similarly — Sim i*lar*ly, adv. In a similar manner. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • similarly — index also Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 …   Law dictionary

  • similarly — [[t]sɪ̱mɪlə(r)li[/t]] 1) ADV GRADED: ADV adj/adv, ADV with v You use similarly to say that something is similar to something else. Most of the men who now gathered round him again were similarly dressed. Ant: differently 2) ADV: ADV with cl You… …   English dictionary

  • similarly — sim|i|lar|ly [ sımılərli ] adverb *** 1. ) in a similar way: Students in both schools achieved similarly low scores on the test. similarly priced cars 2. ) used for showing that two ideas are related or connected: High inflation usually leads to… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • similarly — adverb in a similar way: similarly situated/expressed/inclined etc: This idea is similarly expressed in his most recent book. | Men must wear a jacket and tie. Similarly, women must wear a skirt or dress and not trousers …   Longman dictionary of contemporary English

  • similarly */*/*/ — UK [ˈsɪmələ(r)lɪ] / US [ˈsɪmɪlərlɪ] adverb 1) used for showing that two ideas are related or connected High inflation usually leads to high interest rates. Similarly, interest rates decline when inflation is low. 2) in a similar way Students in… …   English dictionary

  • similarly — adv. Similarly is used with these adjectives: ↑impressive, ↑large, ↑shaped Similarly is used with these verbs: ↑behave, ↑dress, ↑price, ↑respond, ↑structure …   Collocations dictionary

  • similarly — sim|i|lar|ly [ˈsımıləli US ərli] adv in a similar way ≠ ↑differently ▪ The first letter she wrote me was less than a page long, and her second letter was similarly brief. [sentence adverb] ▪ The cost of food and clothing has come down in recent… …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • similarly*/ — [ˈsɪmələli] adv 1) used for showing that two ideas are related or connected High inflation usually leads to high interest rates. Similarly, interest rates decline when inflation is low.[/ex] 2) in a similar way similarly priced cars[/ex] …   Dictionary for writing and speaking English

  • similarly — adverb in a like style or manner The sisters dressed similarly …   Wiktionary

  • similarly — adverb the two vases are similarly flawed at the base Syn: likewise, in similar fashion, in like manner, comparably, correspondingly, uniformly, indistinguishably, analogously, homogeneously, equivalently, in the same way, the same, identically …   Thesaurus of popular words

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