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61 Guernica
A Basque town destroyed by German bombers fighting on the Nationalist side in the Spanish Civil War in April 1937. Guerra Civil (↑ guerra a1). The world was shocked at the slaughter of civilians. Guernica (Gernika) is the site of the ancient Basque parliament and of the oak tree, the árbol de Guernica, beneath which Spanish kings traditionally swore to uphold Basque privileges or fueros (↑ fuero a1). Pablo Picasso commemorated the destruction of Guernica in his painting of the same name.
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