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21 Greathead, James Henry
[br]b. 6 August 1844 Grahamstown, Cape Colony (now South Africa)d. 21 October 1896 Streatham, London, England[br]British civil engineer, inventor of the Greathead tunnelling shield.[br]Greathead came to England in 1859 to complete his education. In 1864 he began a three-year pupillage with the civil engineer Peter W. Barlow, after which he was engaged as an assistant engineer on the extension of the Midland Railway from Bedford to London. In 1869 he was entrusted with the construction of the Tower Subway under the River Thames; this was carried out using a cylindrical wrought-iron shield which was forced forward by six large screws as material was excavated in front of it. This work was completed the same year. In 1870 he set himself up as a consulting engineer, and from 1873 he was Resident Engineer on the Hammersmith and Richmond extensions of the Metropolitan District Railway. He assisted in the preparation of several other railway projects including the Regent's Canal Railway in 1880, the Dagenham Dock and the Metropolitan Outer Circle Railways in 1881, a new line from London to Eastbourne and a number of Irish light railways. He worked on a bill for the City and South London Railway, which was built between 1886 and 1890; here compressed air was used to prevent the inrush of water, a method for tunnelling which was generally adopted from then on. He invented apparatus for the application of water to excavate in front of the shield as well as for injecting cement-grout behind the lining of the tunnel.He was joint engineer with Sir Douglas Fox for the construction of the Liverpool Overhead Railway, and held the same post with W.R.Galbraith on the Waterloo and City Railway; he was also associated with Sir John Fowler and Sir Benjamin Baker in the construction of the Central London Railway. He died, aged 52, before the completion of some of these projects.[br]Further ReadingObituary, 1896, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.O.Green, 1987, The London Underground: An Illustrated History', London: Ian Allan (in association with the London Transport Museum).P.P.Holman, 1990, The Amazing Electric Tube: A History of the City and South LondonRailway, London: London Transport Museum.IMcN -
22 double
двойное количество; II удваивать; дублировать; складывать вдвое; двойной; сдвоенный; сложенный вдвое; II двойной; сдвоенный- double-acting forcemeter - double-acting regulator - double-acting rotary engine - double amplitude - double angular ball bearing - double-arm - double-arm lever - double-back - double-ball pitman arm - double-bank - double-bank radial engine - double-beat - double-bend - double-bolted schackle - double-braid covering - double-chain drive - double-charge - double-chart recorder - double-check - double-cheek snow plough - double-clutch method - double-concave - double-cylinder engine - double-deck - double-deck bridge - double-dial - double dipole - double-drive bogie - double drop frame - double-drum hoist - double duty - double-edge - double elliptic spring - double-ended spanner - double ender - double-flange wheel - double-flanged - double flat - double-fork lever - double-gap - double governor - double-heading - double-head wrench - double helical gear - double helical tooth - double-hook piston ring - double-hulled - double-hung - double ignition - double-level bridge - double-lift cam - double-line traffic - double-motor drive - double over - double-piston - double-piston engine - double-piston-type engine - double-pitch roller chain - double-rate meter - double-reduction gear - double-reduction shaft - double-reduction spur pinion - double-row - double-seal bearing - double-sealed bearing - double seam - double-seat valve - double-shaft drive - double-sided impeller - double-side tipping - double-slot piston ring - double-spark ignition - double spiral gear - double-stage - double staining - double steering - double stroke - double swing door - double T-section - double-taper-faced piston ring - double thread - double-throw - double-tracked - double tread - double-tube tyre - double-type - double-tyre wheel - double universal joint - double-V engine - double-V joint - double-walled piston - double-way - double wing door - double-wire system - double-wound -
23 beat
1. n удар; бойhip beat — удар о н.ж.
2. n спец. пульсация; колебание3. n муз. ритм; такт4. n муз. отсчитывание такта5. n муз. доля6. n муз. взмах дирижёрской палочки7. n муз. дозор, обход; маршрут дозора; район патрулирования8. n муз. охот. место облавы9. n муз. амер. сл. сенсационное сообщение10. n муз. разг. нечто выдающееся, невиданноеhe believes that it is perfectly scriptural for a man to beat his wife — он считает, что священное писание отнюдь не запрещает мужчине бить свою жену
11. n амер. разг. мошенник, обманщикhotel beats — постояльцы, уезжающие из гостиницы, не уплатив по счёту
12. n амер. разг. тунеядец13. n амер. разг. разг. надувательство; мошенничество14. n амер. разг. убытки15. n амер. разг. батман16. n амер. разг. мор. лавирование; курс против течения или ветракино «хлопушка»
to beat a parley — давать сигнал барабанным боем или звуком трубы о желании вступить в переговоры
17. n амер. разг. физ. биенияit is off my beat altogether — это не по моей части; это не моё дело
18. a амер. разг. усталый, измотавшийся, разбитый, выдохшийся19. a амер. разг. ошарашенный20. a относящийся к битникам21. v бить, ударять; колотить, стучатьbeat down — сбить; свалить с ног, столкнуть
22. v бить, побить; избиватьto beat with a whip — хлестать, стегать кнутом
23. v колоть, измельчатьto beat to powder, to beat small — истолочь в порошок
24. v побить, победить25. v разг. превосходить; быть лучше, выше26. v амер. разг. обойти, надуть, обмануть27. v обогнать28. v разг. озадачить29. v биться; трепетать; пульсироватьthe flag was beating in the wind — флаг развевался по ветру, ветер трепал флаг
30. v обыскивать, обшаривать, устраивать облаву31. v амер. разг. убегать, удиратьbeat it! — убирайся!, пошёл вон!, отвали!
32. v физ. создавать биения33. n сорняки, сжигаемые для удобренияСинонимический ряд:1. tired (adj.) bushed; fatigued; tired; weary; worn out2. accent (noun) accent; stress3. blow (noun) blow; hit; pounding; punch; strike; stroke; thump4. patrol (noun) patrol; post; precinct; walk5. rhythm (noun) cadence; cadency; count; measure; meter; metre; number; palpitation; pulsation; pulse; rhyme; rhythm; rhythmus; swing; tattoo; throb; tick; vibration6. round (noun) circuit; province; round; route7. scoop (noun) exclusive; scoop8. baste (verb) baste; belabor; lam; lambaste; malleate; paste; pelt; tromp; wallop; whop9. basted (verb) basted; battered; belabored; buffeted; drubbed; hammered; lambasted; lammed; pasted; pelted; pounded; pummeled; thrashed; walloped; whopped10. best (verb) best; conquer; defeat; outdo; overcame; rout; subdue; trounce; vanquish; worst11. cheat (verb) boodle; cheat; chisel; chouse; cozen; defraud; diddle; do; flimflam; gyp; overreach; ream; sucker; swindle; take12. frustrate (verb) baffle; balk; bilk; circumvent; dash; disappoint; foil; frustrate; ruin; thwart13. frustrated (verb) baffled; balked; bilked; circumvented; dashed; disappointed; foiled; frustrated; ruined; thwarted14. mark (verb) count; mark15. nonplus (verb) buffalo; get; nonplus; stick; stump16. nonplused (verb) buffaloed; got; nonplused; stuck; stumped17. pound (verb) belabour; break; drub; forge; hammer; pound; pummel; stamp18. pulsate (verb) palpitate; pulsate; pulse; throb; thump; vibrate19. pulsated (verb) palpitated; pulsated; pulsed; throbbed20. scoop (verb) scoop21. scooped (verb) scooped22. scour (verb) comb; finecomb; fine-tooth-comb; forage; grub; rake; ransack; rummage; scour; search23. scoured (verb) combed; foraged; grubbed; raked; ransacked; rummaged; scoured; searched24. strike (verb) batter; buffet; club; cudgel; hit; knock; punch; strike25. surpass (verb) better; cap; cob; ding; exceed; excel; outgo; outmatch; outshine; outstrip; pass; surpass; top; transcend; trump26. surpassed (verb) bested; bettered; capped; exceeded; excelled; outdid; outshone or outshined; outstripped; outwent; passed; surpassed; topped; transcended; trumped27. wag (verb) flap; flop; flutter; lash; switch; wag; waggle; wave; woggle28. wagged (verb) lashed; switched; wagged; waggled; waved29. whip (verb) blast; blend; curry; dust; flog; lay into; lick; mix; mop up; overrun; overwhelm; shellac; skunk; smear; smother; steamroller; thrash; trim; upend; whip; whisk; whomp30. whipped (verb) blasted; curried; dusted; licked; mopped up; overran; overwhelmed; routed; shellacked; smeared; smothered; trimmed; trounced; upended; whipped31. win (verb) overcome; prevail; triumph; winАнтонимический ряд:help; pat; protect; shelter; shield; stroke; surrender -
24 tax depreciation
гос. фин., учет налоговая амортизация (метод амортизации основных средств, применяемый с целью сокращения налоговых выплат в будущем)See: -
25 device
1) (something made for a purpose, eg a tool or instrument: a device for opening cans.) aparato2) (a plan or system of doing something, sometimes involving trickery: This is a device for avoiding income tax.) mecanismo, truco, estratagemadevice n aparato / dispositivotr[dɪ'vaɪs]1 (object, equipment) aparato, artefacto; (mechanism) mecanismo, dispositivo2 (scheme, trick) ardid nombre masculino, estratagema4 (on shield) emblema nombre masculino\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto leave somebody to his own devices dejar que alguien que se las arregle solo, abandonar a alguien a sus propios recursosdevice [di'vaɪs] n1) mechanism: dispositivo m, aparato m, mecanismo m2) emblem: emblema mn.• aparato s.m.• artefacto s.m.• dispositivo (Electrónica) s.m.• emblema s.m.• mecanismo (IND) s.m.• recurso s.m.• traza s.f.• truco s.m.dɪ'vaɪs1) (gadget, tool) artefacto m, dispositivo m, aparato m; ( mechanism) dispositivo m, mecanismo m2) ( stratagem) recurso m, estratagema fto leave somebody to her/his own devices — dejar que alguien se las arregle solo
[dɪ'vaɪs]N1) (=gadget) aparato m ; (=mechanism) mecanismo m, dispositivo m ; (=explosive) artefacto mnuclear device — ingenio m nuclear
2) (=scheme) estratagema f, recurso mto leave sb to his own devices — dejar a algn hacer lo que le dé la gana; (to solve problem) dejar que algn se las arregle solo
3) (=emblem) emblema m ; (=motto) lema m* * *[dɪ'vaɪs]1) (gadget, tool) artefacto m, dispositivo m, aparato m; ( mechanism) dispositivo m, mecanismo m2) ( stratagem) recurso m, estratagema fto leave somebody to her/his own devices — dejar que alguien se las arregle solo
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26 copper
2) медь; красная медь- copper-asbestos-type gasket - copper cable - copper carbon brush - copper-chromium steel - copper-clad - copper-coated - copper coating - copper conductor - copper-cored electrode - copper covering - copper dish gum evaporation test - copper dish gums - copper dish method - copper dish residue test - copper fitting - copper-graphite brush - copper-lead alloy - copper-nickel - copper-nickel alloy - copper-nickel steel - copper pipe - copper-plated - copper-plated steel - copper plating - copper-platinum couple - copper-sheathed cable - copper sheet - copper shield - copper-slug relay - copper strand - copper-tin alloy - copper vitriol - copper-zinc alloy - blister copper - electrolytic copper - refined copper - standard copper -
27 secondary
1. n подчинённый2. n представитель, действующий по поручению3. n сановник второго ранга4. n эл. вторичная обмоткаsecondary emission — вторичная эмиссия; вторичное излучение
5. n физ. вторичная частица; вторичный электрон6. a второй7. a средний8. a второстепенныйa very secondary matter — второстепенный вопрос; дело, не представляющее важности
9. a вторичный; производный10. a побочный, неглавный; второстепенный11. a дополнительный, добавочный12. a вспомогательный, подсобный13. a геол. мезозойскийСинонимический ряд:1. alternate (adj.) alternate; auxiliary; subsidiary2. indirect (adj.) consequent; derivate; derivational; derivative; derived; following; indirect; proximate; resultant; subsequent3. small (adj.) dinky; insignificant; lesser; low; minor; minor-league; small; small-fry; small-time4. subordinate (adj.) ancillary; collateral; dependent; inferior; lower; petty; second; sub; subject; subordinate; subservient; tributary; under5. inferior (noun) inferior; junior; poor relation; scrub; subaltern; subordinate; underling; understrapperАнтонимический ряд:major; preceding; primary
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См. также в других словарях:
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