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1 Computer Metaphors
Within the AI community there is a growing dissatisfaction concerning the adequacy of sequential models to simulate the cognitive processes....For an example of the dissimilarity between computers and nervous systems, consider that in conventional computers... each piece of data [is] located in its own special space in the memory bank [and] can be retrieved only by a central processor that knows the address in the memory bank for each datum. Human memory appears to be organized along entirely different lines. For one thing, from a partial or a degraded stimulus human memory can "reconstruct" the rest, and there are associative relationships among stored pieces of information based on considerations of context rather than on considerations of location.... t now appears doubtful that individual neurons are so specific that they are tuned to respond to a single item and nothing else. Thus, connectionist models tend to devise and use distributed principles, which means that elements may be selective to a range of stimuli and there are no "grandmother cells."...Information storage, it appears, is in some ill-defined sense a function of connectivity among sets of neurons. This implies that there is something fundamentally wrong in understanding the brain's memory on the model of individual symbols stored at unique addresses in a data bank....A further source of misgivings about the computer metaphor concerns real-time constraints. Although the signal velocities in nervous systems are quite slow in comparison to those in computers, brains are nonetheless far, far faster than electronic devices in the execution of their complex tasks. For example, human brains are incomparably faster than any computer in word-nonword recognition tasks. (P. S. Churchland, 1986, pp. 458-459)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Computer Metaphors
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2 sequential analog-digital computer
Engineering: SADCУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > sequential analog-digital computer
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3 sequentiell arbeitender Computer
m < edv> ■ sequential computerGerman-english technical dictionary > sequentiell arbeitender Computer
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4 sekvensiell datamaskin
sequential computer -
5 redosledni računar
• sequential computer -
6 rekenautomaat met stapsgewijze bewerking
• sequential computerNederlands-Engels Technisch Woordenboek > rekenautomaat met stapsgewijze bewerking
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7 компютър
computer* * *компю̀тър,м., -ри, (два) компю̀търа инф. computer; изолиран \компютърър stand-alone computer; \компютърър за управление на производствени процеси manufacturing/process-control/computer; \компютърър майка mainframe; \компютърър с общо предназначение general-purpose computer; \компютърър с последователно действие sequential computer; персонален \компютърър personal computer; полупроводников \компютърър solid-state computer; портативен \компютърър portable computer, laptop.* * *computer; personal computer; PC -
8 компютър с последователно действие
sequential computersequential computersБългарски-Angleščina политехнически речник > компютър с последователно действие
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9 ordenador secuencial
• sequential computer• serial computer -
10 sequenziale
sequenziale s.m. book of liturgical sequences.sequenziale agg. sequential: ( statistica) ciclo, campionamento sequenziale, sequential cycle, sampling // (elettr.) circuito sequenziale, sequential circuit // (agr.) coltivazione sequenziale, sequential cropping // (inform.): accesso, operazione sequenziale, sequential access, operation; elaboratore sequenziale, sequential computer; avvicendamento sequenziale, sequential scheduling.* * *[sekwen'tsjale]aggettivo sequential (anche inform.)* * *sequenziale/sekwen'tsjale/sequential (anche inform.). -
11 вычислительная машина с жесткой последовательностью операций
1. sequenced computer2. sequential computer3. consecutive sequence computerРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > вычислительная машина с жесткой последовательностью операций
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12 последовательная вычислительная машина
1) Electronics: sequential machine2) Information technology: serial computer, serial machine, series machine3) Astronautics: consecutive computer, sequenced computer, sequential computerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > последовательная вычислительная машина
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13 ЭВМ последовательного действия
1) Engineering: serial computer, serial machine2) Makarov: sequential computer, sequential electronic computerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > ЭВМ последовательного действия
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14 вычислительная машина с аппаратным управлением последовательностью операций
Information technology: (выполняемых) logic-controlled sequential computer, logical-controlled sequential computerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > вычислительная машина с аппаратным управлением последовательностью операций
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15 ЭВМ поочерёдного действия
1) Engineering: sequential computer, serial computer2) Makarov: serial electronic computerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > ЭВМ поочерёдного действия
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16 вычислительная машина с жёсткой последовательностью операций
Information technology: consecutive sequence computer, sequenced computer, sequential computerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > вычислительная машина с жёсткой последовательностью операций
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17 последовательный компьютер
1) Information technology: sequential computer2) Programming: sequential machine (Ant: parallel machine)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > последовательный компьютер
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18 компьютер с последовательным выполнением операций, последовательный компьютер
Programming: sequential computer, serial computerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > компьютер с последовательным выполнением операций, последовательный компьютер
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19 последовательная ЭВМ
1) Engineering: serial computer, serial machine2) Information technology: sequential computerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > последовательная ЭВМ
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20 электронная вычислительная машина поочерёдного действия
Engineering: sequential computer, serial computerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > электронная вычислительная машина поочерёдного действия
См. также в других словарях:
computer science — computer scientist. the science that deals with the theory and methods of processing information in digital computers, the design of computer hardware and software, and the applications of computers. [1970 75] * * * Study of computers, their… … Universalium
Computer adaptive sequential testing — (CAST) is another term for multistage testing. A CAST test is a type of computer adaptive test or computerized classification test that uses pre defined groups of items called testlets rather than operating at the level of individual items.… … Wikipedia
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Sequential Circuits — Inc. (SCI) was a California based synthesizer company that was founded in the early 1970s by Dave Smith and sold to Yamaha Corporation in 1987. The company, throughout its lifespan, pioneered many groundbreaking technologies and design principles … Wikipedia
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Sequential Circuits — war ein US amerikanischer Synthesizer und Sampler Hersteller. Die Firma entstand Mitte der 1970er Jahre als Nebentätigkeit des Computer Ingenieurs Dave Smith, der mit dem Bau eines Sequenzers für seinen Minimoog begann, weil er sich den Moog… … Deutsch Wikipedia
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Computer-adaptive testing — A computer adaptive testing (CAT) is a method for administering tests that adapts to the examinee s ability level. For this reason, it has also been called tailored testing . How CAT worksCAT successively selects questions so as to maximize the… … Wikipedia
