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1 self-managed
English-French dictionary of law, politics, economics & finance > self-managed
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2 gain
gain [geɪn]1 noun∎ to do sth for personal gain faire qch par intérêt;∎ my gain is your loss le profit de l'un est le dommage de l'autre(b) (acquisition) gain m;∎ there were large Conservative gains le Parti conservateur a gagné de nombreux sièges∎ a gain in speed une augmentation de vitesse;∎ a gain in weight une prise de poids;∎ there has been a net gain in their income leurs revenus ont nettement augmenté;∎ there has been a net gain in profits this year il y a eu une augmentation nette des bénéfices cette année;∎ Stock Exchange there has been a gain of 100 points on the Dow Jones l'indice Dow Jones a gagné 100 points;∎ Finance gain in value plus-value f(d) Electronics gain m∎ you will gain nothing by it vous n'y gagnerez rien;∎ what would we (have to) gain by joining? quel intérêt avons-nous à adhérer?;∎ to gain friends (by doing sth) se faire des amis (en faisant qch);∎ they're trying to gain our sympathy ils essaient de gagner notre sympathie;∎ they managed to gain entry to the building ils ont réussi à s'introduire dans le bâtiment;∎ he managed to gain a hearing il a réussi à se faire écouter;∎ to gain the impression that… avoir l'impression que… + indicative;∎ to gain an advantage obtenir un avantage;∎ we've not so much lost a daughter as gained a son nous n'avons pas perdu une fille mais gagné un fils(b) (increase) gagner;∎ Stock Exchange the share index has gained two points l'indice des actions a gagné deux points(c) (obtain more) gagner, obtenir;∎ to gain weight/speed prendre du poids/de la vitesse;∎ to gain experience acquérir de l'expérience;∎ to gain time gagner du temps;∎ to gain popularity devenir plus populaire;∎ he has gained prestige through this action cette action a rehaussé son prestige;∎ the party has gained support le parti a gagné des voix;∎ to gain ground (on) (of racer, pursuer) gagner du terrain (sur);∎ to gain ground (of custom) se répandre, se développer;∎ to gain a share (of market) gagner des parts de marché(d) (of clock, watch) avancer de;∎ my watch gains ten minutes a day ma montre avance de dix minutes par jour∎ we finally gained the shore nous avons fini par atteindre la rive∎ who stands to gain by this deal? qui y gagne dans cette affaire?;∎ we have all gained by his hard work nous avons tous bénéficié de son labeur;∎ we have gained by having her in the team cela nous a aidés de l'avoir dans l'équipe∎ to gain in popularity gagner en popularité;∎ to gain in experience acquérir de l'expérience;∎ to gain in self-confidence gagner ou prendre de l'assurance;∎ to gain in number devenir plus nombreux►► Electronics gain control réglage m du gain(catch up) rattraper, gagner du terrain sur -
3 shadow
shadow ['ʃædəʊ]1 noun(a) (of figure, building) ombre f;∎ to see a shadow on a wall voir une ombre sur un mur;∎ the shadow of suspicion fell on them on a commencé à les soupçonner;∎ she's a shadow of her former self elle n'est plus que l'ombre d'elle-même;∎ figurative he's afraid of his own shadow il a peur de son ombre;∎ figurative to live in sb's shadow vivre dans l'ombre de qn;∎ to cast a shadow on or over sth projeter une ombre sur qch; figurative jeter une ombre sur qch(b) (under eyes) cerne m∎ in the shadow of the trees/the mountain à l'ombre des arbres/de la montagne;∎ in the shadow of the doorway dans l'ombre de la porte;∎ she was standing in (the) shadow elle se tenait dans l'ombre;∎ the gardens lie in shadow now les jardins sont maintenant à l'ombre(d) (slightest bit) ombre f;∎ without or beyond a or the shadow of a doubt sans l'ombre d'un doute∎ I want a shadow put on him je veux qu'on le fasse suivre;∎ he managed to lose his shadow il a réussi à semer la personne qui l'avait pris en filature(f) (companion) ombre f;∎ he follows me everywhere like a shadow il me suit comme mon ombre, il ne me lâche pas d'une semelle(a) (follow secretly) filer, prendre en filature;∎ our job was to shadow enemy submarines nous étions chargés de suivre les sous-marins ennemis∎ tall trees shadowed the pathway de grands arbres ombrageaient le chemin∎ British the Shadow Education Secretary/Defence Secretary le porte-parole de l'opposition pour l'éducation/pour la défense nationaleliterary (darkness) ombre f, ombres fpl, obscurité f;∎ the shadows of the evening les ombres fpl du soirComputing shadow printing impression f ombrée;shadow puppet = silhouette découpée utilisée dans les spectacles d'ombres chinoisesⓘ SHADOW CABINET En Grande-Bretagne, le "shadow cabinet" est composé de parlementaires de l'opposition qui deviendraient ministres si l'opposition accédait au pouvoir. Chaque ministre du gouvernement dispose de son homologue "fantôme" dans l'opposition (on parle de "shadow minister"), qui étudie les mêmes dossiers et se spécialise ainsi dans un domaine donné. Les ministres fantômes occupent les "frontbenches" de l'opposition à la Chambre des communes.
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