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1 השבחת הגזע
selective breeding -
2 fajnemesítés
selective breeding -
3 селекция животных
селекция животных
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
selective breeding of animals
Breeding of animals having desirable characters. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > селекция животных
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4 Zuchtwahl
f selective breeding; natürliche Zuchtwahl natural selection* * *Zụcht|wahlfselective breeding* * *Zucht·wahlf BIOL natural selection* * *Zuchtwahl f selective breeding;natürliche Zuchtwahl natural selection* * *f.natural selection n. -
5 селекция
1) General subject: artificial selection, line breeding, selective breeding programs2) Biology: normalizing selection, selection3) Military: isolation, pickout, separation4) Engineering: discrimination5) Agriculture: breeding6) Chemistry: filtering7) Linguistics: choice8) Forestry: breeding (древесных пород), improvement9) Information technology: gating -
6 Bakewell, Robert
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 23 May 1725 Loughborough, Englandd. 1 October 1795 Loughborough, England[br]English livestock breeder who pioneered the practice of progeny testing for selecting breeding stock; he is particularly associated with the development of the Improved Leicester breed of sheep.[br]Robert Bakewell was the son of the tenant farming the 500-acre (200 hectare) Dishley Grange Farm, near Loughborough, where he was born. The family was sufficiently wealthy to allow Robert to travel, which he began to do at an early age, exploring the farming methods of the West Country, Norfolk, Ireland and Holland. On taking over the farm he continued the development of the irrigation scheme begun by his father. Arthur Young visited the farm during his tour of east England in 1771. At that time it consisted of 440 acres (178 hectares), 110 acres (45 hectares) of which were arable, and carried a stock of 60 horses, 400 sheep and 150 other assorted beasts. Of the arable land, 30 acres (12 hectares) were under root crops, mainly turnips.Bakewell was not the first to pioneer selective breeding, but he was the first successfully to apply selection to both the efficiency with which an animal utilized its food, and its physical appearance. He always had a clear idea of the animal he wanted, travelled extensively to collect a range of animals possessing the characteristics he sought, and then bred from these towards his goal. He was aware of the dangers of inbreeding, but would often use it to gain the qualities he wanted. His early experiments were with Longhorn cattle, which he developed as a meat rather than a draught animal, but his most famous achievement was the development of the Improved Leicester breed of sheep. He set out to produce an animal that would put on the most meat in the least time and with the least feeding. As his base he chose the Old Leicester, but there is still doubt as to which other breeds he may have introduced to produce the desired results. The Improved Leicester was smaller than its ancestor, with poorer wool quality but with greatly improved meat-production capacity.Bakewell let out his sires to other farms and was therefore able to study their development under differing conditions. However, he made stringent rules for those who hired these animals, requiring the exclusive use of his rams on the farms concerned and requiring particular dietary conditions to be met. To achieve this control he established the Dishley Society in 1783. Although his policies led to accusations of closed access to his stock, they enabled him to keep a close control of all offspring. He thereby pioneered the process now recognized as "progeny testing".Bakewell's fame and that of his farm spread throughout the country and overseas. He engaged in an extensive correspondence and acted as host to all of influence in British and overseas agriculture, but it would appear that he was an over-generous host, since he is known to have been in financial difficulties in about 1789. He was saved from bankruptcy by a public subscription raised to allow him to continue with his breeding experiments; this experience may well have been the reason why he was such a staunch advocate of State funding of agricultural research.[br]Further ReadingWilliam Houseman, 1894, biography, Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society. 1–31. H.C.Parsons, 1957, Robert Bakewell (contains a more detailed account).R.Trow Smith, 1957, A History of British Livestock Husbandry to 1700, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.—A History of British Livestock Husbandry 1700 to 1900 (places Bakewell within the context of overall developments).M.L.Ryder, 1983, Sheep and Man, Duckworth (a scientifically detailed account which deals with Bakewell within the context of its particular subject).AP -
7 селекция животных
Makarov: animal breeding, selective breeding of animals -
8 селекция растений
1) Botanical term: plant selection (лат. selectio plantarum)2) Ecology: plant breeding3) Makarov: selective breeding of plants -
9 селекционное разведение
Ecology: selective breedingУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > селекционное разведение
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10 селекционные достижения
General subject: selective breeding results, selection achievementsУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > селекционные достижения
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11 אוגני
adj. eugenical, pertaining to eugenics, pertaining to the study of racial improvement through selective breeding and other methods -
12 селективное размножение
ОБ selective breedingRussian-english psychology dictionary > селективное размножение
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13 wegzüchten
weg|züch·tenvt▪ [einem Tier/einer Pflanze] etw \wegzüchten to eliminate sth [from an animal/a plant] through selective breeding -
14 selektiv dyreavl
(miljø) selective breeding of animals -
15 selektiv planteforedling
(miljø) selective breeding of plants -
16 eugenese
n. eugenics, study of the possibility of racial improvement through selective breeding and other methods -
17 eugenetica
n. eugenics, study of the possibility of racial improvement through selective breeding and other methods -
18 eugeneticus
n. eugenicist, expert in eugenics, one who studies the possibility of racial improvement through selective breeding and other methods -
19 eugenetiek
n. eugenics, study of the possibility of racial improvement through selective breeding and other methods -
20 eugenetisch
adj. eugenic, pertaining to eugenics, pertaining to the study of racial improvement through selective breeding and other methods
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См. также в других словарях:
Selective breeding — This article focuses on selective breeding in domesticated animals. For alternate uses, see artificial selection. Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of a breeder developing a cultivated breed over time, and selecting… … Wikipedia
selective breeding — noun The practice of breeding the best specimens of a given organism to encourage certain features. Monsanto practices selective breeding to produce high yield seeds … Wiktionary
selective breeding — breeding in a way to make a race better … English contemporary dictionary
selective breeding — the intentional selection of individual spawners in artificial production programmes to produce particular traits in subsequent generations … Dictionary of ichthyology
Breeding — is the producing of offspring, usually animals or plants* Animal breeding, through selected specimens such as dogs, horses, and rabbits * Plant breeding, through selected specimens such as treesBreeding may also refer to:in science: * Biobreeding … Wikipedia
Breeding program — Breeding programs help animals to breed and can be good for animals as well as the agricultural economy. A breeding program is the planned breeding of a group of animals or plants, usually involving at least several individuals and extending over … Wikipedia
breeding — n. 1) cattle, livestock; horse; poultry breeding 2) selective breeding 3) of breeding (a person of good breeding) * * * [ briːdɪŋ] horse livestock poultrybreeding cattle selective breeding of breeding (a person of goo … Combinatory dictionary
breeding — noun 1 activity of producing plants/animals ADJECTIVE ▪ animal, horse, livestock, plant, etc. ▪ selective ▪ Certain characteristics can be developed through selective breeding … Collocations dictionary
breeding — breed|ing [ bridıŋ ] noun uncount * 1. ) the process of MATING and producing young animals a ) the activity or business of keeping animals or plants and making them produce new animals or plants: the world leader in cattle breeding technology… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
breeding */ — UK [ˈbriːdɪŋ] / US [ˈbrɪdɪŋ] noun [uncountable] 1) a) biology the process of mating and producing young animals b) the activity or business of keeping animals or plants and making them produce new animals or plants the world leader in cattle… … English dictionary
selective — [[t]sɪle̱ktɪv[/t]] 1) ADJ GRADED: ADJ n A selective process applies only to a few things or people. Selective breeding may result in a greyhound running faster and seeing better than a wolf. ...selective education. Derived words: selectively ADV… … English dictionary