saxo

ā-verto (arch. - vorto; in MSS. also abverto; cf. ab init.), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn something away from a place, to avert, turn off, remove, etc. (opp. adverto).

Lit.

In gen.

Constr. aliquem ab or with the simple abl.; the limit designated by in with acc. (more rarely by ad):

ab saxo avortit fluctus ad litus scapham,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 76: Jup. Te volo, uxor, conloqui. Quor ted avortisti? Alc. Est ita ingenium meum:

Inimicos semper osa sum optuerier,

id. Am. 3, 2, 18:

(M. Lepidus) Antonio diadema Caesari imponente se avertit,

Cic. Phil. 5, 14; id. Balb. 5, 11:

aliquid ab oculis,

id. N. D. 2, 56, 141:

nos flumina arcemus, dirigimus, avertimus,

turn off, id. ib. 2, 60, 152; so Liv. 41, 11, 3: quod iter ab Arari Helvetii averterant, had turned aside their march from Caes. B. G. 1, 16 et saep.:

locis seminis ic tum,

Lucr. 4, 1273:

Italiā Teucrorum regem,

Verg. A. 1, 42:

a ceteris omnium in se oculos,

Liv. 2, 5, 6:

in comitiorum disceptationem ab lege certamen,

id. 3, 24, 9:

ab hominibus ad deos preces,

id. 6, 20, 10: se alicui, instead of ab aliquo. Col. 6, 37, 10.—And poet. with acc.:

quo regnum Italiae Libycas averteret oras,

Verg. A. 4, 106. —With dat.:

Quod mihi non patrii poterant avertere amici,

Prop. 4, 24, 9; so Val. Fl. 3, 491.—Also without an antecedent ab (since this is included in the verb) with in with acc.:

in fugam classem, Liv 22, 19, 11: dissipatos in fugam,

id. 34, 15, 2; hence absol.:

mille acies avertit avertetque (sc. in fugam),

put to flight, id. 9, 19, 17.—

Pass. in mid. signif. with the acc., in the Greek manner, to turn away from:

equus fontes avertitur,

Verg. G. 3, 499 (cf. the Gr. apostrephesthai to hudôr, and aversari):

oppositas impasta avertitur herbas,

Stat. Th. 6, 192; Petr. 124, 248.—

As v. n. avertere = se avertere, to turn one's self away, to retire:

ob eam causam huc abs te avorti,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 83:

ecce avortit,

id. ib. 2, 2, 50:

dixit et avertens roseā cervice refulsit,

Verg. A. 1, 402:

tum prora avertit,

id. ib. 1, 104:

avertit et ire in Capitolium coepit,

Gell. 4, 18, 4 al. —

To take away, drive away, carry off, steal, embezzle, to appropriate to one ' s self:

pecuniam publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4:

compertum publicam pecuniam avertisse,

Tac. H. 1, 53:

aliquid domum tuam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:

praedam omnem domum avertebant,

Caes. B. C. 3, 59:

intellexistis innumerabilem frumenti numerum per triennium aversum a re publicā esse ereptumque aratoribus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69 fin.:

auratam Colchis pellem,

to carry off, Cat. 64, 5:

quattuor a stabulis tauros,

Verg. A. 8, 208:

avertere praedas,

id. ib. 10, 78:

carā pisces avertere mensā,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 37.—

Trop.

To turn, divert a person from a course of action, purpose, etc.:

accusandi terrores et minae populi opinionem a spe adipiscendi avertunt,

Cic. Mur. 21:

avertant animos a spe recuperandae arcis,

Liv. 9, 24, 11:

qui mentem optimi viri a defensione meae salutis averterant,

Cic. Sest. 31:

ut nec vobis averteretur a certamine animus,

Liv. 1, 28, 5:

animum a pietate,

id. 7, 5, 7:

aliquem ab incepto avertit,

id. 23, 18, 9:

a philosophiā,

Suet. Ner. 52.—

Aliquem, to turn away from one in feeling, i. e. to make averse or disinclined to, to alienate, estrange:

legiones abducis a Bruto. Quas? nempe eas, quas ille a C. Antonii scelere avertit et ad rem publicam suā auctoritate traduxit,

Cic. Phil. 10, 3:

ipse Pompeius totum se ab ejus (sc. Caesaris) amicitiā averterat,

had quite alienated himself from, Caes. B. C. 1, 4:

civitates ab alicujus amicitiā,

id. ib. 3, 79:

popularium animos,

Sall. J. 111, 2:

futurum, uti totius Galliae animi a se averterentur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

nobis mentem deorum,

Cat. 64, 406.—Hence, āver-sus, a, um, P. a.

Turned off or away: aversum hostem videre nemo potuit, turned away, i. e. turned in flight, Caes. B. G. 1, 26; hence, backwards, behind, back ( = a tergo; opp. adversus), distant:

et adversus et aversus impudicus es,

before and behind, Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 256:

canities homini semper a priori parte capitis, tum deinde ab aversā,

Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 131; 11, 52, 113, § 272: ne aversos nostros aggrederentur, fall upon our troops in the rear, Galba ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 3:

ne aversi ab hoste circumvenirentur,

from behind, in the rear, Caes. B. G. 2, 26:

aversos proterere,

id. B. C. 2, 41: aversi vulnerantur, Auct. B. Alex. 30;

32: aversum ferro transfixit,

Nep. Dat. 11, 5:

aversos boves caudis in speluncam traxit,

backwards, Liv. 1, 7, 5 (cf. Prop. 5, 9, 12:

Aversos caudā traxit in antra boves): aversa hosti porta,

Tac. A. 1, 66:

scribit in aversā Picens epigrammata chartā,

upon the back of the paper, Mart. 8, 62 (cf. Juv. 1, 6: liber scriptus in tergo), and so al.— Trop.:

milites aversi a proelio,

withdrawn from the battle, Caes. B. C. 2, 12. — Subst.: āversum, i, n., the hinder or back part, the back (as subst. only in the plur.):

per aversa castrorum receptus est,

Vell. 2, 63 Ruhnk.:

per aversa urbis fugam dederat,

Liv. 5, 29, 4: ad aversa insulae, id. [p. 215] 37, 27, 2:

aversa montis,

Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 41: aversa Indiae, the back or remoter parts of India, id. 37, 8, 33, § 110.—So in adverb. phrase: in aversum, backwards:

Cetera animalia in aversum posterioribus pedibus quam prioribus,

Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248 (Jan, in diversum):

collum circum agit (lynx) in aversum,

id. 11, 47, 107, § 256 (Jan, in aversum se; Sillig, in adversum). —

Disinclined, alienated, unfavorable, opposed, hostile, averse; constr. with ab, with dat., or absol.

With ab (so most frequently in Cicero):

aversus a Musis,

Cic. Arch. 9, 20:

aversus a vero,

id. Cat. 3, 9, 21:

turbidi animorum motus, aversi a ratione, et inimicissimi mentis vitaeque tranquillae,

id. Tusc. 4, 15, 34:

Quintus aversissimo a me animo fuit,

id. Att. 11, 5 fin.; Col. 11, 1, 14:

aversissimus ab istis prodigiis sum,

Sen. Ep. 50.—

With dat.:

aversus mercaturis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 107:

vilicus aversus contubernio,

Col. 12, 1, 2:

defensioni aversior,

Quint. 7, 1, 11 (but acc. to the MSS., adversior seems here to deserve the preference; so Halm; cf. Spald. and Zumpt ad h. l.).—

Absol.:

aversa deae mens,

Verg. A. 2, 170:

aversa voluntas,

id. ib. 12, 647:

aversos soliti componere amicos,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

aversus animus,

Tac. H. 4, 80 et saep.:

vultus aversior,

Sen. Ira, 2, 24:

aversi animis,

Tac. A. 14, 26.— Adv. not used.

ā-verto (arch. - vorto; in MSS. also abverto; cf. ab init.), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn something away from a place, to avert, turn off, remove, etc. (opp. adverto).

Lit.

In gen.

Constr. aliquem ab or with the simple abl.; the limit designated by in with acc. (more rarely by ad):

ab saxo avortit fluctus ad litus scapham,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 76: Jup. Te volo, uxor, conloqui. Quor ted avortisti? Alc. Est ita ingenium meum:

Inimicos semper osa sum optuerier,

id. Am. 3, 2, 18:

(M. Lepidus) Antonio diadema Caesari imponente se avertit,

Cic. Phil. 5, 14; id. Balb. 5, 11:

aliquid ab oculis,

id. N. D. 2, 56, 141:

nos flumina arcemus, dirigimus, avertimus,

turn off, id. ib. 2, 60, 152; so Liv. 41, 11, 3: quod iter ab Arari Helvetii averterant, had turned aside their march from Caes. B. G. 1, 16 et saep.:

locis seminis ic tum,

Lucr. 4, 1273:

Italiā Teucrorum regem,

Verg. A. 1, 42:

a ceteris omnium in se oculos,

Liv. 2, 5, 6:

in comitiorum disceptationem ab lege certamen,

id. 3, 24, 9:

ab hominibus ad deos preces,

id. 6, 20, 10: se alicui, instead of ab aliquo. Col. 6, 37, 10.—And poet. with acc.:

quo regnum Italiae Libycas averteret oras,

Verg. A. 4, 106. —With dat.:

Quod mihi non patrii poterant avertere amici,

Prop. 4, 24, 9; so Val. Fl. 3, 491.—Also without an antecedent ab (since this is included in the verb) with in with acc.:

in fugam classem, Liv 22, 19, 11: dissipatos in fugam,

id. 34, 15, 2; hence absol.:

mille acies avertit avertetque (sc. in fugam),

put to flight, id. 9, 19, 17.—

Pass. in mid. signif. with the acc., in the Greek manner, to turn away from:

equus fontes avertitur,

Verg. G. 3, 499 (cf. the Gr. apostrephesthai to hudôr, and aversari):

oppositas impasta avertitur herbas,

Stat. Th. 6, 192; Petr. 124, 248.—

As v. n. avertere = se avertere, to turn one's self away, to retire:

ob eam causam huc abs te avorti,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 83:

ecce avortit,

id. ib. 2, 2, 50:

dixit et avertens roseā cervice refulsit,

Verg. A. 1, 402:

tum prora avertit,

id. ib. 1, 104:

avertit et ire in Capitolium coepit,

Gell. 4, 18, 4 al. —

To take away, drive away, carry off, steal, embezzle, to appropriate to one ' s self:

pecuniam publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4:

compertum publicam pecuniam avertisse,

Tac. H. 1, 53:

aliquid domum tuam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:

praedam omnem domum avertebant,

Caes. B. C. 3, 59:

intellexistis innumerabilem frumenti numerum per triennium aversum a re publicā esse ereptumque aratoribus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69 fin.:

auratam Colchis pellem,

to carry off, Cat. 64, 5:

quattuor a stabulis tauros,

Verg. A. 8, 208:

avertere praedas,

id. ib. 10, 78:

carā pisces avertere mensā,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 37.—

Trop.

To turn, divert a person from a course of action, purpose, etc.:

accusandi terrores et minae populi opinionem a spe adipiscendi avertunt,

Cic. Mur. 21:

avertant animos a spe recuperandae arcis,

Liv. 9, 24, 11:

qui mentem optimi viri a defensione meae salutis averterant,

Cic. Sest. 31:

ut nec vobis averteretur a certamine animus,

Liv. 1, 28, 5:

animum a pietate,

id. 7, 5, 7:

aliquem ab incepto avertit,

id. 23, 18, 9:

a philosophiā,

Suet. Ner. 52.—

Aliquem, to turn away from one in feeling, i. e. to make averse or disinclined to, to alienate, estrange:

legiones abducis a Bruto. Quas? nempe eas, quas ille a C. Antonii scelere avertit et ad rem publicam suā auctoritate traduxit,

Cic. Phil. 10, 3:

ipse Pompeius totum se ab ejus (sc. Caesaris) amicitiā averterat,

had quite alienated himself from, Caes. B. C. 1, 4:

civitates ab alicujus amicitiā,

id. ib. 3, 79:

popularium animos,

Sall. J. 111, 2:

futurum, uti totius Galliae animi a se averterentur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

nobis mentem deorum,

Cat. 64, 406.—Hence, āver-sus, a, um, P. a.

Turned off or away: aversum hostem videre nemo potuit, turned away, i. e. turned in flight, Caes. B. G. 1, 26; hence, backwards, behind, back ( = a tergo; opp. adversus), distant:

et adversus et aversus impudicus es,

before and behind, Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 256:

canities homini semper a priori parte capitis, tum deinde ab aversā,

Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 131; 11, 52, 113, § 272: ne aversos nostros aggrederentur, fall upon our troops in the rear, Galba ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 3:

ne aversi ab hoste circumvenirentur,

from behind, in the rear, Caes. B. G. 2, 26:

aversos proterere,

id. B. C. 2, 41: aversi vulnerantur, Auct. B. Alex. 30;

32: aversum ferro transfixit,

Nep. Dat. 11, 5:

aversos boves caudis in speluncam traxit,

backwards, Liv. 1, 7, 5 (cf. Prop. 5, 9, 12:

Aversos caudā traxit in antra boves): aversa hosti porta,

Tac. A. 1, 66:

scribit in aversā Picens epigrammata chartā,

upon the back of the paper, Mart. 8, 62 (cf. Juv. 1, 6: liber scriptus in tergo), and so al.— Trop.:

milites aversi a proelio,

withdrawn from the battle, Caes. B. C. 2, 12. — Subst.: āversum, i, n., the hinder or back part, the back (as subst. only in the plur.):

per aversa castrorum receptus est,

Vell. 2, 63 Ruhnk.:

per aversa urbis fugam dederat,

Liv. 5, 29, 4: ad aversa insulae, id. [p. 215] 37, 27, 2:

aversa montis,

Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 41: aversa Indiae, the back or remoter parts of India, id. 37, 8, 33, § 110.—So in adverb. phrase: in aversum, backwards:

Cetera animalia in aversum posterioribus pedibus quam prioribus,

Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248 (Jan, in diversum):

collum circum agit (lynx) in aversum,

id. 11, 47, 107, § 256 (Jan, in aversum se; Sillig, in adversum). —

Disinclined, alienated, unfavorable, opposed, hostile, averse; constr. with ab, with dat., or absol.

With ab (so most frequently in Cicero):

aversus a Musis,

Cic. Arch. 9, 20:

aversus a vero,

id. Cat. 3, 9, 21:

turbidi animorum motus, aversi a ratione, et inimicissimi mentis vitaeque tranquillae,

id. Tusc. 4, 15, 34:

Quintus aversissimo a me animo fuit,

id. Att. 11, 5 fin.; Col. 11, 1, 14:

aversissimus ab istis prodigiis sum,

Sen. Ep. 50.—

With dat.:

aversus mercaturis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 107:

vilicus aversus contubernio,

Col. 12, 1, 2:

defensioni aversior,

Quint. 7, 1, 11 (but acc. to the MSS., adversior seems here to deserve the preference; so Halm; cf. Spald. and Zumpt ad h. l.).—

Absol.:

aversa deae mens,

Verg. A. 2, 170:

aversa voluntas,

id. ib. 12, 647:

aversos soliti componere amicos,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

aversus animus,

Tac. H. 4, 80 et saep.:

vultus aversior,

Sen. Ira, 2, 24:

aversi animis,

Tac. A. 14, 26.— Adv. not used.

cĕrē̆brum (per tmesin: saxo cerecomminuit-brum, Enn. ap. Don. p. 1777 P., and ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 412), i, n. [root kar- of karê, v. celsus init.; and root bharof pherô, fero; cf. Corss. Beitr. p. 354], the brain, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 19; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 32; 5, 2, 7; Verg. A. 5, 413; 9, 419; Lucr. 6, 804; Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19; Plin. 11, 37, 49, § 133 sq.; 33, 6, 34, § 102 et saep.—

Meton., understanding, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 30; Hor. S. 2, 3, 75; Phaedr. 1, 7, 2; Suet. Calig. 50.— Anger, choler, Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 25; cf. id. Bacch. 2, 3, 17: o te, Bolane, cerebri Felicem! ( = cerebrosus, passionate), Hor. S. 1, 9, 11.—

Transf. to plants, the pith in the upper part, Plin. 13, 4, 8, § 36.

com-mĭnŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a., to make small, either by breaking into many small parts, or by removing parts from the whole (class. in prose and poetry).

To separate into small parts, to break or crumble to pieces, to crush, split, etc.: saxo cere comminuit brum, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 412 (Ann. v. 586 Vahl.):

fores et postes securibus,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 31:

ossa atque artua illo scipione,

id. Men. 5, 2, 103:

tibi caput,

id. Rud. 4, 4, 74:

illi statuam... deturbant, affligunt, comminuunt, dissipant,

Cic. Pis. 38, 93:

scalas,

Sall. J. 60, 7:

anulum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56:

lapidem,

Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 233:

vitrea,

Stat. S. 1, 6, 73:

fabas molis,

Ov. Med. Fac. 72:

vasa crystallina,

Petr. 64.—Also of medicines:

calculos,

Plin. 20, 4, 13, § 23.—Fig.: diem articulatim, i.e. to divide into hours, Plaut. ap. Gell. 3, 3, 5.—

To lessen, diminish.

Lit. (very rare): argenti pondus et auri, * Hor. S. 1, 1, 43:

opes civitatis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 37, § 98:

regni opes,

Sall. J. 62, 1.—

Transf. to persons:

re familiari comminuti sumus,

Cic. Att. 4, 3, 6.—

Trop. (freq.), to weaken, impair, enervate:

nullum esse officium tam sanctum atque solenne, quod non avaritia comminuere atque violare soleat,

Cic. Quint. 8, 26:

ingenia,

Quint. 1, 7, 33; cf.:

ingenii vires,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 34;

and, animum,

Plin. Ep. 9, 2, 1.—

Transf. to persons:

Viriathus, quem C. Laelius praetor fregit et comminuit,

Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40;

so of enemies,

Flor. 1, 3, 3; 2, 6, 28:

nec te natalis origo Comminuit (i. e. animum tuum),

Ov. M. 12, 472:

lacrimis comminuēre meis, i.e. vinceris, commoveberis,

id. H. 3, 134.

con-cresco, crēvi, crētum, 3 ( inf. perf. sync. concresse, Ov. M. 7, 416), v. n., to grow together; hence with the prevailing idea of uniting, and generally of soft or liquid substances which thicken; to harden, condense, curdle, stiffen, congeal, etc. (very freq., and class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.:

concrescunt semina (opp. extenuantur),

Lucr. 4, 1261; 6, 626; cf.:

concrescunt subitae currenti in flumine crustae,

Verg. G. 3, 360;

opp. liquere,

Cic. Univ. 14: rigido concrescere rostro Ora videt, to stiffen into a hard beak. Ov. M. 5, 673; cf.:

Aconteus Gorgone conspectā saxo concrevit oborto,

id. ib. 5, 202 (cf. also saxoque oculorum induruit umor, id. ib. 5, 233):

quo pacto pluvius concrescat in altis Nubibus umor,

Lucr. 6, 495; cf. id. 6, 250:

imbres gelidis concrescunt ventis,

Ov. M. 9, 220:

(aqua) neque conglaciaret frigoribus neque nive pruināque concresceret, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26:

gelidus concrevit frigore sanguis,

Verg. A. 12, 905:

cum lac concrevit,

Col. 7, 8, 3; cf. Ov. M. 12, 436: concretos sanguine crines, stuck together or clotted, Verg. A. 2, 277; cf.:

concreta sanguine barba,

Ov. M. 14, 201.—With in and acc.:

crystalli modo glaciari et in lapidem concrescere,

harden into, Plin. 36, 22, 45, § 161; cf.:

aër... tum autem concretus in nubis cogitur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 101.—

Meton.

To take form, to grow, increase:

de terris terram concrescere parvis,

Lucr. 1, 840:

terrā in ipsā taetro concrescere odore bitumen,

id. 6, 807; Verg. E. 6, 34; cf.:

indagatio initiorum unde omnia orta, generata, concreta sint,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69; 1, 24, 56:

valles, quae fluminum alluvie et inundationibus concreverint,

Col. 3, 11, 8.—With ex:

omne corpus aut aqua aut aër aut ignis aut terra est, aut id quod est concretum ex aliquā parte eorum,

composed, formed of, Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 30; so id. ib. 3, 14, 34; Tac. A. 13, 57.—

Trop.:

illud funestum animal, ex nefariis stupris, ex civili cruore concretum (al. conceptum),

Cic. Pis. 9, 21. —

(Con intens.) To grow strong, to rise by growing, etc. (so very rare):

(lana) quanto prolixior in pecore concrescit, tanto, etc.,

Col. 7, 3, 10 (but in Lucr. 5, 833, the best reading is clarescit; v. Lachm.).—Hence, concrētus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.), grown together, concrete, compound, condensed, hardened, thick, hard, stiff, curdled, congealed, clotted, etc. (class.):

dubitare non possumus quin nihil sit animis admixtum, nihil concretum, nihil copulatum, nihil coagmentatum, nihil duplex,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; 1, 27, 66:

aër crassus et concretus,

id. ib. 1, 18, 42; Lucr. 1, 1018; 5, 467 sq.:

aër (opp. fusus, extenuatus),

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 101; cf.:

pingue et concretum esse caelum,

id. Div. 1, 57, 130:

umores (opp. acres),

id. N. D. 2, 23, 59:

spuma,

Ov. M. 4, 537:

lac,

Verg. G. 3, 463:

in sanguine,

Ov. M. 13, 492:

mare,

Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 104:

nix concreta pruinā,

Lucr. 3, 20:

concreta et durata glacies,

Liv. 21, 36, 8; cf.:

concreta frigora canā pruinā,

stiffened by the hoary frost, Verg. G. 2, 376:

gelu,

Curt. 8, 4.— Poet., of light: cum claram speciem concreto lumine luna abdidit, thick, i. e. dimmed, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18:

nanus et ipse suos breviter concretus in artus,

shortened, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 41:

dolor,

benumbing, tearless, Ov. P. 2, 11, 10.— Subst.: concrētum, i, n., firm or solid matter:

species quaedam deorum, quae nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi,

Cic. N. D. 1, 27, 75.—Esp. (sc. gelu), hard or stiff frost:

nec semine jacto Concretum patitur radicem adfigere terrae,

Verg. G. 2, 318 Rib. Forbig.; cf. Hildebr. ad App. M. 1, p. 455. (By others concretum is made acc. of 2. concretus. The common reading is concretam, sc. gelu, the root stiffened by frost; cf. Forbig. ad loc.)— Comp.:

semen concretius,

Lucr. 4, 1240:

spuma lactis concretior,

Plin. 11, 41, 96, § 239: ossa concreta, t. t., solid bones, i. e. without marrow, id. 7, 18, 18, § 78.— Sup. and adv. not in use.

con-cresco, crēvi, crētum, 3 ( inf. perf. sync. concresse, Ov. M. 7, 416), v. n., to grow together; hence with the prevailing idea of uniting, and generally of soft or liquid substances which thicken; to harden, condense, curdle, stiffen, congeal, etc. (very freq., and class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.:

concrescunt semina (opp. extenuantur),

Lucr. 4, 1261; 6, 626; cf.:

concrescunt subitae currenti in flumine crustae,

Verg. G. 3, 360;

opp. liquere,

Cic. Univ. 14: rigido concrescere rostro Ora videt, to stiffen into a hard beak. Ov. M. 5, 673; cf.:

Aconteus Gorgone conspectā saxo concrevit oborto,

id. ib. 5, 202 (cf. also saxoque oculorum induruit umor, id. ib. 5, 233):

quo pacto pluvius concrescat in altis Nubibus umor,

Lucr. 6, 495; cf. id. 6, 250:

imbres gelidis concrescunt ventis,

Ov. M. 9, 220:

(aqua) neque conglaciaret frigoribus neque nive pruināque concresceret, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26:

gelidus concrevit frigore sanguis,

Verg. A. 12, 905:

cum lac concrevit,

Col. 7, 8, 3; cf. Ov. M. 12, 436: concretos sanguine crines, stuck together or clotted, Verg. A. 2, 277; cf.:

concreta sanguine barba,

Ov. M. 14, 201.—With in and acc.:

crystalli modo glaciari et in lapidem concrescere,

harden into, Plin. 36, 22, 45, § 161; cf.:

aër... tum autem concretus in nubis cogitur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 101.—

Meton.

To take form, to grow, increase:

de terris terram concrescere parvis,

Lucr. 1, 840:

terrā in ipsā taetro concrescere odore bitumen,

id. 6, 807; Verg. E. 6, 34; cf.:

indagatio initiorum unde omnia orta, generata, concreta sint,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69; 1, 24, 56:

valles, quae fluminum alluvie et inundationibus concreverint,

Col. 3, 11, 8.—With ex:

omne corpus aut aqua aut aër aut ignis aut terra est, aut id quod est concretum ex aliquā parte eorum,

composed, formed of, Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 30; so id. ib. 3, 14, 34; Tac. A. 13, 57.—

Trop.:

illud funestum animal, ex nefariis stupris, ex civili cruore concretum (al. conceptum),

Cic. Pis. 9, 21. —

(Con intens.) To grow strong, to rise by growing, etc. (so very rare):

(lana) quanto prolixior in pecore concrescit, tanto, etc.,

Col. 7, 3, 10 (but in Lucr. 5, 833, the best reading is clarescit; v. Lachm.).—Hence, concrētus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.), grown together, concrete, compound, condensed, hardened, thick, hard, stiff, curdled, congealed, clotted, etc. (class.):

dubitare non possumus quin nihil sit animis admixtum, nihil concretum, nihil copulatum, nihil coagmentatum, nihil duplex,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; 1, 27, 66:

aër crassus et concretus,

id. ib. 1, 18, 42; Lucr. 1, 1018; 5, 467 sq.:

aër (opp. fusus, extenuatus),

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 101; cf.:

pingue et concretum esse caelum,

id. Div. 1, 57, 130:

umores (opp. acres),

id. N. D. 2, 23, 59:

spuma,

Ov. M. 4, 537:

lac,

Verg. G. 3, 463:

in sanguine,

Ov. M. 13, 492:

mare,

Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 104:

nix concreta pruinā,

Lucr. 3, 20:

concreta et durata glacies,

Liv. 21, 36, 8; cf.:

concreta frigora canā pruinā,

stiffened by the hoary frost, Verg. G. 2, 376:

gelu,

Curt. 8, 4.— Poet., of light: cum claram speciem concreto lumine luna abdidit, thick, i. e. dimmed, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18:

nanus et ipse suos breviter concretus in artus,

shortened, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 41:

dolor,

benumbing, tearless, Ov. P. 2, 11, 10.— Subst.: concrētum, i, n., firm or solid matter:

species quaedam deorum, quae nihil concreti habeat, nihil solidi,

Cic. N. D. 1, 27, 75.—Esp. (sc. gelu), hard or stiff frost:

nec semine jacto Concretum patitur radicem adfigere terrae,

Verg. G. 2, 318 Rib. Forbig.; cf. Hildebr. ad App. M. 1, p. 455. (By others concretum is made acc. of 2. concretus. The common reading is concretam, sc. gelu, the root stiffened by frost; cf. Forbig. ad loc.)— Comp.:

semen concretius,

Lucr. 4, 1240:

spuma lactis concretior,

Plin. 11, 41, 96, § 239: ossa concreta, t. t., solid bones, i. e. without marrow, id. 7, 18, 18, § 78.— Sup. and adv. not in use.

con-saepĭo ( - sēpĭo), no perf., saeptum (consiptum, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 62, 10 Müll.; cf. id. ib. 64, 6, and v. infra), 4, v. a., to fence round, hedge in.

As verb finit. (rare): bustum, * Suet. Ner. 33. —

More freq.,

In part. perf.: con-saeptus, a, um, enclosed, hedged in: consaeptus ager et diligenter consitus, * Cic. Sen. 17, 59:

locus cratibus pluteisque,

Liv. 10, 38, 5:

locus saxo,

id. 22, 57, 6.—

Trop.: teneor consipta, undique venor, Enn. ap. Non. p. 183, 14 (in acc. with Euripides, Kakôs pepraktai pantachê).—

Subst.: con-saeptum, i, n., a fence, hedge, Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 2; Col. 1, 4, 7; 1, 6, 1; Liv. 10, 38, 12: fori, * Quint. 12, 2, 23.—

Trop. (postclass.):

corpus animam consaepto suo obstruit, Tert. Anim. c. 53: cordis,

App. M. 3, p. 136, 6 al.

con-sīdo, sēdi (also -sīdi, Enn. ap. Gell. 4, 7, v. Sat., v. 14 Vahl.; Tac. A. 1, 30 fin.; Gell. 5, 4, 1; cf. Wagner ad Verg. E. 7, 1; Neue, Formenl. II. p. 501), sessum, 3, v. n., to sit down (esp. of a multitude), take a seat, be seated, to settle (freq. in all periods and species of composition); constr. with in and abl., sub and abl., ante, the simple abl., or absol.

Lit.

In gen.

Absol.:

salutatio hospitalis... fuit, positisque sedibus consederunt,

Liv. 42, 39, 8:

scio apud vos filio in conspectu matris nefas esse considere,

Curt. 5, 2, 22:

illi jussi considere affirmant, etc.,

id. 7, 6, 6:

nec aut recubet aut considat pastor,

Col. 7, 3, 26:

vix consideramus, et nox, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 14.—

With designation of place:

si videtur, considamus hic in umbrā,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7; cf.:

in pratulo propter Platonis statuam,

id. Brut. 6, 24:

certo in loco,

id. Sen. 18, 63:

in arā,

Nep. Paus. 4, 4:

in molli herbā,

Verg. E. 3, 55:

in illo caespite,

Ov. M. 13, 931:

examen in arbore consederat,

Liv. 21, 46, 2:

in rupe,

Curt. 3, 1, 4:

in sellā,

id. 5, 2, 13:

in turre consedit avis,

id. 4, 6, 11:

dormienti in labellis (apes),

Cic. Div. 1, 36, 78:

sub argutā ilice,

Verg. E. 7, 1:

hic corylis mixtas inter ulmos,

id. ib. 5, 3:

ante focos scamnis longis,

Ov. F. 6, 305:

super ripam stagni,

id. M. 6, 373:

transtris,

Verg. A. 4, 573:

ipsae (apes) medicatis sedibus,

id. G. 4, 65:

solio medius consedit avito,

id. A. 7, 169:

mecum saxo,

Ov. M. 1, 679:

tergo tauri,

id. ib. 2, 869.— Impers.:

in silvam venitur et ibi considitur,

Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 18.—Of soldiers in battle array:

triarii sub vexillis considebant, sinistro crure porrecto, scuta innixa umeris... tenentes,

Liv. 8, 8, 10.—

In partic.

In assemblies of the people, courts of justice, theatres, etc., to take one's place, take a seat, sit, hold sessions, to be in session:

cum in theatro imperiti homines consederant,

Cic. Fl. 7, 16;

so of senators,

Suet. Aug. 35.—Of judges:

quo die primum judices, citati in hunc reum consedistis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 19; Liv. 26, 48, 9; Ov. M. 11, 157; 12, 627:

ad jus dicendum,

Liv. 34, 61, 15:

introductum in tabernaculum (Persea) adversus advocatos in consilium considere jussit,

id. 45, 7, 5; Suet. Calig. 38:

in orchestrā,

id. Aug. 44:

inter patres,

Tac. A. 13, 54.—

Milit. t. t., to encamp, pitch a camp, take post somewhere; with in and abl.:

quo in loco Germani consederant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 49; so Sall. J. 49, 1; Liv. 4, 17, 12; 10, 4, 11.—With sub: sub monte consedit, Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 1, 21; Sall. C. 57, 3:

trans flumen,

Caes. B. G. 2, 16:

contra eum duūm milium spatio,

id. ib. 3, 17:

nuntiant Jugurtham circiter duūm milium intervallo ante eos consedisse,

Sall. J. 106, 5:

prope Cirtam haud longe a mari,

id. ib. 21, 2:

inter virgulta,

id. ib. 49, 5:

superioribus locis,

id. ib. 51, 3:

ubi cuique vallis abdita spem praesidii aut salutis aliquam offerebat, consederat,

Caes. B. G. 6, 34; cf. Curt. 7, 7, 31:

haud procul,

id. 4, 12, 4.—

To settle down for a long time or permanently, to take up one's abode, to establish one's self:

qui etiam dubitem, an hic Antii considam,

Cic. Att. 2, 6, 2:

antequam aliquo loco consedero, neque longas a me neque semper meā manu litteras exspectabis,

id. ib. 5, 14, 1:

Belgas propter loci fertilitatem ibi consedisse,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

in Ubiorum finibus,

id. ib. 4, 8; cf. id. ib. 1, 31:

vultis et his mecum pariter considere regnis?

Verg. A. 1, 572:

terrā,

id. ib. 4, 349.—With in and acc.:

in novam urbem,

Curt. 7, 4, 23.—

Of inanim. objects, esp. of places, to settle, sink down, sink in, give way, subside, etc.:

in Veliterno agro terra ingentibus cavernis consedit arboresque in profundum haustae,

Liv. 30, 38, 8; cf.:

terra in ingentem sinum consedit,

id. 30, 2, 12:

(Alpes) jam licet considant!

may now sink down, Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34:

omne mihi visum considere in ignis Ilium,

to sink down, Verg. A. 2, 624; 9, 145; cf.:

Ilium ardebat, neque adhuc consederat ignis,

Ov. M. 13, 408:

in cinerem,

Stat. Th. 3, 185:

cum omnia sacra profanaque in ignem considerent,

Tac. H. 3, 33 fin.: quā mitescentia Alpium juga considunt, sink, i. e. are lower, Plin. 3, 25, 28, § 147:

patiemur picem considere, et cum siderit, aquam eliquabimus,

Col. 12, 24, 2:

donec consideret pulvis,

Curt. 5, 13, 12:

cum in cacuminibus montium nubes consident,

Plin. 18, 35, 82, § 356:

tumidi considunt fluctus,

Sil. 17, 291.—

Trop.

In gen.:

multa bona in pectore consident,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; Cic. Univ. 2:

justitia cujus in mente consedit,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 50; id. Har. Resp. 12, 24.— Poet.: totam videmus Consedisse urbem luctu, sunk or immersed in grief, Verg. A. 11, 350 (in luctum esse demersum, Serv.). —

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To settle down permanently, sink:

in otio,

Cic. Att. 2, 4, 2:

hoc totum (genus dicendi) in eā mediocritate consedit,

id. Or. 27, 96:

antequam ego incipio secedere et in aliā parte considere,

i. e. change the subject, Sen. Ep. 117, 4.—

(Acc. to I. B. 4.) To lose force, abate, subside, diminish; to be appeased, quieted, to cease:

ardor animi cum consedit, omnis illa vis et quasi flamma oratoris exstinguitur,

Cic. Brut. 24, 93:

consederit furor,

id. Ac. 2, 27, 88:

ferocia ab re bene gestā,

Liv. 42, 62, 3:

primus terror ab necopinato visu,

id. 33, 7, 5:

bella,

Sil. 16, 218:

quia praesentia satis consederant,

Tac. A. 1, 30 fin.:

consedit utriusque nomen in quaesturā,

i. e. has since that time ceased, Cic. Mur. 8, 18.—

Of discourse, to sink; to conclude, end:

eorum verborum junctio nascatur a proceris numeris ac liberis... sed varie distincteque considat,

Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191.

con-strŭo, struxi, structum, 3 ( part. fut. constrŭĭtūra, Ven. Carm. 2, 10 fin.), v. a.

To heap, bring, or gather together, to heap or pile up (class.):

acervos nummorum apud aliquem,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 97; cf.:

omnibus rebus et modis constructā et coacervatā pecuniā,

id. Agr. 1, 5, 14;

and acervum,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 44:

divitias,

id. ib. 2, 3, 96: carros, to make a barricade, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 195, 29:

has omnes multas magnificasque res,

Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161; cf.:

copiam ornamentorum uno in loco,

id. ib. §

162: super prela congeriem,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 318.—

(Like compono, II.) To make by piling up, to make, fabricate, construct, build (class.; most freq. in Cic.).

In gen.:

construere atque aedificare mundum,

Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 19:

ut navem, ut aedificium idem destruit facillime qui construxit,

id. Sen. 20, 72; cf.

delubra,

id. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

arces,

Sil. 8, 145:

sepulcrum saxo quadrato,

Liv. 1, 26, 14; cf.:

horrea saxeo muro constructa,

Suet. Ner. 38; and:

pilam saxeam magnis molibus,

Verg. A. 9, 712:

cubilia sibi nidosque (aves),

Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129; cf.

nidos,

id. de Or. 2, 6, 23; and:

nidum sibi,

Ov. M. 15, 397:

dentibus in ore constructis manditur cibus,

arranged, Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 134: large multiplici constructae sunt dape mensae, furnished, * Cat. 64, 304.—

Esp., in gram. lang., to connect grammatically, construct, Prisc. p. 1099 sq. P. et saep.

dĕcŏro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [decus], to decorate, adorn, embellish, grace, beautify (class, and freq.).

Lit., with abl.:

Larem corona nostrum decorari volo,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 1:

oppidum ex pecunia sua locis communibus monumentisque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46; Verg. A. 6, 217:

templa novo saxo,

Hor. Od. 2, 15, 20:

dissignatorem lictoribus atris,

surrounds, id. Ep. 1, 7, 6, etc.:

quae tuos digitos decorat,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 58; cf. so without abl., Tib. 2, 2, 6:

nescias an te generum beati Phyllidis flavae decorent parentes,

Hor. Od. 2, 4, 14; Liv. 1, 26 et saep. —

Trop., to decorate, distinguish, honor, with abl.: nemo me lacrumis decoret nec funera fletu Faxit, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34; cf.:

egregias animas... decorate supremis Muneribus,

Verg. A. 11, 25:

quem populus R. singularibus honoribus decorasset,

Cic. Balb. 6 fin.; cf.:

aliquem amplissimis honoribus et praemiis,

id. de Or. 1, 54, 232:

O clementiam admirabilem atque omni laude decorandam!

id. Lig. 2 fin.:

delubra deorum pietate, domos suas gloriā,

Sall. C. 12, 4:

nec prave factis decorari versibus opto,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 266:

inani vocis sono decoratum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 119 et saep. —Without abl.:

quam (remp.) ipse decorarat atque auxerat,

id. Pis. 12, 27; id. Brut. 75, 265:

bene nummatum decorat Suadela Venusque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 38.—Hence, dĕ-cŏrātus, a, um, P. a., adorned, beautiful.—In sup.: orationes, Boeth. Arist. Elench. Soph. 1, 12, p. 743.

dĕcŏro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [decus], to decorate, adorn, embellish, grace, beautify (class, and freq.).

Lit., with abl.:

Larem corona nostrum decorari volo,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 1:

oppidum ex pecunia sua locis communibus monumentisque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46; Verg. A. 6, 217:

templa novo saxo,

Hor. Od. 2, 15, 20:

dissignatorem lictoribus atris,

surrounds, id. Ep. 1, 7, 6, etc.:

quae tuos digitos decorat,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 58; cf. so without abl., Tib. 2, 2, 6:

nescias an te generum beati Phyllidis flavae decorent parentes,

Hor. Od. 2, 4, 14; Liv. 1, 26 et saep. —

Trop., to decorate, distinguish, honor, with abl.: nemo me lacrumis decoret nec funera fletu Faxit, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34; cf.:

egregias animas... decorate supremis Muneribus,

Verg. A. 11, 25:

quem populus R. singularibus honoribus decorasset,

Cic. Balb. 6 fin.; cf.:

aliquem amplissimis honoribus et praemiis,

id. de Or. 1, 54, 232:

O clementiam admirabilem atque omni laude decorandam!

id. Lig. 2 fin.:

delubra deorum pietate, domos suas gloriā,

Sall. C. 12, 4:

nec prave factis decorari versibus opto,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 266:

inani vocis sono decoratum,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 119 et saep. —Without abl.:

quam (remp.) ipse decorarat atque auxerat,

id. Pis. 12, 27; id. Brut. 75, 265:

bene nummatum decorat Suadela Venusque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 38.—Hence, dĕ-cŏrātus, a, um, P. a., adorned, beautiful.—In sup.: orationes, Boeth. Arist. Elench. Soph. 1, 12, p. 743.

dē-sĭlĭo, ĭlŭi (desului, Plaut. Rud. prol. 75:

desilivi,

Col. 6, 24, 3:

desilii,

id. 8, 5, 14; Curt. 4, 12, 3 al.), ultum, 4, v. n. [salio], to leap down.

Prop. (class.). Constr. with abl. of the place whence, after de, ex, poet. and in later prose with ab or without a prep.:

de navi in scapham,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 75:

de navibus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 24, 2:

de reda,

Cic. Mil. 10, 29:

de muro,

Suet. Ner. 23:

in terram e scapha,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 84:

ex navi,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25, 5:

ex essedis,

id. ib. 4, 33:

ex equis,

to dismount, alight, id. ib. 4, 2, 3;

for which ab equo,

Verg. A. 11, 500; cf.:

praeceps ab alto curru,

Ov. M. 12, 129;

with e curru,

id. A. A. 1, 560:

curru,

Verg. A. 12, 355;

so bijugis,

id. ib. 10, 453:

lecto,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 130:

altis turribus,

id. Epod. 17, 70:

saxo,

Ov. M. 7, 378:

equo,

Curt. 5, 6, 14; 6, 5, 26; Tac. A. 15, 28; Just. 15, 3, 13; cf. Tac. A. 1, 25.—Merely designating the terminus ad quem, with in or acc.:

in undas,

Ov. M. 3, 681:

in medias undas,

id. F. 2, 111:

in aquas,

id. ib. 2, 588: in [p. 558] latices, id. M. 4, 353:

in mare,

Suet. Caes. 64:

in rogos medios,

Ov. A. A. 3, 22:

in mortem,

Sen. Ep. 76, 22 et saep.:

ad pedes,

to dismount, Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 2:

ad calciandas mulas,

Suet. Vesp. 23.— Absol.:

desilite commilitones,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25, 3; Ov. M. 10, 722 al.—

Transf. of inanimate subjects:

levis crepante lympha desilit pede,

Hor. Epod. 16, 48; cf. id. Od. 3, 13, 16; Ov. F. 4, 428:

fulminaque aetheria desiluisse domo,

Prop. 2, 16, 50 (3, 8, 50 M.).—

Trop.:

nec desilies imitator in artum, unde, etc.,

throw thyself into difficulties, Hor. A. P. 134.

dē-stĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [obs. stanare; a particip. stem from root STA, v. sto; and cf.: dono, digno, etc., Corss. 2, 416], to make fast, make firm, bind (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense—for syn. cf.: decerno, scisco, statuo, jubeo, constituo, sancio, definio).

Lit.:

antemnas ad malos,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 6:

rates ancoris,

id. B. C. 1, 25, 7:

falces (laqueis),

id. B. G. 7, 22, 2:

arcas,

Vitr. 5, 12, 3; dub., v. destina.—

Trop., to establish, determine, resolve, consider; to design, intend, devote, destine; to appoint, choose, elect (syn.: definire, describere, designare, etc.).

In gen. (in Livy freq. connected with animis, v. the foll.).

With double acc.:

aliquem consulem,

Liv. 10, 22; cf. Tac. A. 1, 3:

Papirium parem destinant animis Magno Alexandro ducem, si, etc.,

Liv. 9, 16 fin.; cf.:

animis auctorem caedis,

id. 33, 28:

aliquem regem,

Just. 42, 4, 14 et saep.—

With inf. or a clause:

infectis iis, quae agere destinaverat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 33 fin.; cf. Suet. Caes. 84; id. Aug. 53 al.:

potiorem populi Romani quam regis Persei amicitiam habere,

Liv. 43, 7; 7, 33; Quint. 5, 1, 3; Phaedr. 4, 27, 1; Ov. M. 8, 157 al.—

With dat.:

sibi aliquid,

i. e. to intend purchasing, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 113; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

operi destinati possent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 2:

aliquem foro,

Quint. 2, 8, 8:

me arae,

Verg. A 2, 129:

diem necis alicui,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45:

domos publicis usibus,

Vell. 2, 81 fin.: quod signum cuique loco, Quint. 11, 2, 29:

Anticyram omnem illis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 83:

cados tibi,

id. Od. 2, 7, 20 et saep.—

With ad:

tempore locoque ad certamen destinatis,

Liv. 33, 37:

aliquem ad mortem,

id. 2, 54:

consilia ad bellum,

id. 42, 48:

materiam ad scribendum,

Quint. 5, 10, 9 al.:

ad omne obsequium destinati,

Curt. 5, 28, 5.—

With in:

saxo aurove in aliud destinato,

Tac. H. 4, 53 fin.:

legati in provinciam destinati,

Dig. 5, 1, 2:

noctem proximam in fugam,

Amm. 29, 6.—

In partic.

In the lang. of archers, slingers, etc., to fix upon as a mark, to aim at ( = designare scopum):

locum oris,

Liv. 38, 29, 7; so id. 21, 54, 6.— Transf.:

sagittas,

to shoot at the mark, Aur. Vict. Caes. 42.—

In the lang. of trade: sibi aliquid, to fix upon for one's self, to intend to buy:

minis triginta sibi puellam destinat,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 45; id. Most. 3, 1, 113; id. Pers. 4, 3, 72; Lucil. ap. Non. 289, 31; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3 al.— Hence, dēstĭnātus, a, um, destined, fixed (syn.: fixus, certus).

Adj.:

certis quibusdam destinatisque sententiis quasi addicti,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5:

ad horam mortis destinatam,

id. ib. 5, 22, 63:

si hoc bene fixum omnibus destinatumque in animo est,

Liv. 21, 44 fin.:

persona (coupled with certus),

Quint. 3, 6, 57; cf. Cic. Rep. 4, 3.—Destinatum est alicui, with inf. = certum est, it is one's decision, will; he has determined, Liv. 6, 6, 7; Suet. Tib. 13; Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 5 al.—

Subst.

dēstĭnāta, ae, f., = sponsa, a betrothed female, bride, Suet. Caes. 27; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 6.—

dēs-tĭnātum, i, n.

A mark or aim, Liv. 38, 26 fin.; Curt. 7, 5 fin. —

An intended, determined object, design, intention:

neque tuis neque Liviae destinatis adversabor,

Tac. A. 4, 40 fin.; cf.:

destinata retinens,

id. ib. 6, 32; so id. H. 4, 18:

antequam destinata componam,

the intended narration, id. ib. 1, 4:

ad destinatum persequor,

the goal of life, Vulg. Philip. 3, 14: destinata dare, the intentions, dispositions of a will, Phaedr. 4, 5, 27; so,

ex destinato,

adv., designedly, intentionally, Sen. Clem. 1, 6; id. Ben. 6, 10 fin.; Suet. Cal. 43;

and in a like sense merely destinato,

Suet. Caes. 60.— dēstĭ-nātē, adv. (perh. only in Ammianus), resolutely, obstinately:

certare,

Amm. 18, 2.— Comp., id. 20, 4; 7; 23, 1; 27, 3.

dē-stĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [obs. stanare; a particip. stem from root STA, v. sto; and cf.: dono, digno, etc., Corss. 2, 416], to make fast, make firm, bind (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense—for syn. cf.: decerno, scisco, statuo, jubeo, constituo, sancio, definio).

Lit.:

antemnas ad malos,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 6:

rates ancoris,

id. B. C. 1, 25, 7:

falces (laqueis),

id. B. G. 7, 22, 2:

arcas,

Vitr. 5, 12, 3; dub., v. destina.—

Trop., to establish, determine, resolve, consider; to design, intend, devote, destine; to appoint, choose, elect (syn.: definire, describere, designare, etc.).

In gen. (in Livy freq. connected with animis, v. the foll.).

With double acc.:

aliquem consulem,

Liv. 10, 22; cf. Tac. A. 1, 3:

Papirium parem destinant animis Magno Alexandro ducem, si, etc.,

Liv. 9, 16 fin.; cf.:

animis auctorem caedis,

id. 33, 28:

aliquem regem,

Just. 42, 4, 14 et saep.—

With inf. or a clause:

infectis iis, quae agere destinaverat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 33 fin.; cf. Suet. Caes. 84; id. Aug. 53 al.:

potiorem populi Romani quam regis Persei amicitiam habere,

Liv. 43, 7; 7, 33; Quint. 5, 1, 3; Phaedr. 4, 27, 1; Ov. M. 8, 157 al.—

With dat.:

sibi aliquid,

i. e. to intend purchasing, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 113; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

operi destinati possent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 2:

aliquem foro,

Quint. 2, 8, 8:

me arae,

Verg. A 2, 129:

diem necis alicui,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45:

domos publicis usibus,

Vell. 2, 81 fin.: quod signum cuique loco, Quint. 11, 2, 29:

Anticyram omnem illis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 83:

cados tibi,

id. Od. 2, 7, 20 et saep.—

With ad:

tempore locoque ad certamen destinatis,

Liv. 33, 37:

aliquem ad mortem,

id. 2, 54:

consilia ad bellum,

id. 42, 48:

materiam ad scribendum,

Quint. 5, 10, 9 al.:

ad omne obsequium destinati,

Curt. 5, 28, 5.—

With in:

saxo aurove in aliud destinato,

Tac. H. 4, 53 fin.:

legati in provinciam destinati,

Dig. 5, 1, 2:

noctem proximam in fugam,

Amm. 29, 6.—

In partic.

In the lang. of archers, slingers, etc., to fix upon as a mark, to aim at ( = designare scopum):

locum oris,

Liv. 38, 29, 7; so id. 21, 54, 6.— Transf.:

sagittas,

to shoot at the mark, Aur. Vict. Caes. 42.—

In the lang. of trade: sibi aliquid, to fix upon for one's self, to intend to buy:

minis triginta sibi puellam destinat,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 45; id. Most. 3, 1, 113; id. Pers. 4, 3, 72; Lucil. ap. Non. 289, 31; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3 al.— Hence, dēstĭnātus, a, um, destined, fixed (syn.: fixus, certus).

Adj.:

certis quibusdam destinatisque sententiis quasi addicti,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5:

ad horam mortis destinatam,

id. ib. 5, 22, 63:

si hoc bene fixum omnibus destinatumque in animo est,

Liv. 21, 44 fin.:

persona (coupled with certus),

Quint. 3, 6, 57; cf. Cic. Rep. 4, 3.—Destinatum est alicui, with inf. = certum est, it is one's decision, will; he has determined, Liv. 6, 6, 7; Suet. Tib. 13; Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 5 al.—

Subst.

dēstĭnāta, ae, f., = sponsa, a betrothed female, bride, Suet. Caes. 27; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 6.—

dēs-tĭnātum, i, n.

A mark or aim, Liv. 38, 26 fin.; Curt. 7, 5 fin. —

An intended, determined object, design, intention:

neque tuis neque Liviae destinatis adversabor,

Tac. A. 4, 40 fin.; cf.:

destinata retinens,

id. ib. 6, 32; so id. H. 4, 18:

antequam destinata componam,

the intended narration, id. ib. 1, 4:

ad destinatum persequor,

the goal of life, Vulg. Philip. 3, 14: destinata dare, the intentions, dispositions of a will, Phaedr. 4, 5, 27; so,

ex destinato,

adv., designedly, intentionally, Sen. Clem. 1, 6; id. Ben. 6, 10 fin.; Suet. Cal. 43;

and in a like sense merely destinato,

Suet. Caes. 60.— dēstĭ-nātē, adv. (perh. only in Ammianus), resolutely, obstinately:

certare,

Amm. 18, 2.— Comp., id. 20, 4; 7; 23, 1; 27, 3.

dis-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3, v. a., to separate, set apart.

Lit., to separate, part, divide (freq. since the Aug. per.):

equas, ne inter se pugnare possint,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 10: ordines (preceded by senatus a populo secretus), Liv. 34, 54:

lignum a carnibus,

Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 33:

Lusitaniam a Baetica,

id. 4, 21, 35, § 116:

neque mons erat, qui fines eorum discerneret,

i. e. to mark out, determine, Sall. J. 79, 3; cf. poet.:

(saxum) telas auro,

to interweave with gold, Verg. A. 4, 264; 11, 75:

haec ipsa fortuna huc illucve discernit,

divides, distributes, Cels. 7, 3.—In the part. perf., divided, separated:

duae urbes, magno inter se spatio discretae,

Liv. 27, 39 fin.; cf.:

Peraea a ceteris Judaeis Jordane amne,

Plin. 5, 14, 15, § 70:

Philippus mari tantum Ionio discretus,

Liv. 23, 33; so,

sol tanto intervallo,

Plin. 2, 11, 8, § 50:

uxor velo,

id. Ep. 4, 19, 3:

ager saxo,

Stat. Th. 5, 559:

decurias pluribus nominibus,

Plin. 33, 2, 7, § 31 et saep.— Of the hair, parted:

discretaque collo Caesaries,

Grat. Cyn. 272:

divisa discretaque tellus,

divided and separated, Lucr. 5, 1441:

tellus (opp. permixta),

id. 691:

ubi discretas insula rumpit aquas,

Ov. F. 2, 194:

sedes piorum,

set apart, retired, Hor. C. 2, 13, 23:

quae cum sint turpissima discreta ac separata, turpius junguntur,

Plin. Ep. 2, 6 fin.:

septem discretus in ostia Nilus,

Ov. M. 5, 324 (for which: septem digestum in cornua Nilum, id. ib. 9, 774); cf. Quint. 7, 1, 1.

Trop.

To separate things according to their different qualities, to distinguish between, discern (freq. and class.):

alba et atra,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114:

discernere et dispicere insidiatorem et petitum insidiis,

Liv. 40, 10:

jus et injuriam,

Tac. A. 2, 66:

probanda atque improbanda,

Quint. 2, 2, 11:

fas atque nefas,

Hor. C. 1, 18, 11 et saep.:

id quod visum erit a falso,

Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 25:

pantheras a pardis solo candore,

Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 63 et saep.:

verba discerni articulatim,

Lucr. 4, 555: suos, * Caes. B. G. 7, 75:

piceam visu,

Plin. 16, 10, 18, § 40:

temperantiam duobus modis,

Cic. Part. Or. 22, 77 et saep.:

animus discernit, quid sit ejusdem generis, quid alterius,

id. Univ. 8:

pecuniae an famae minus parceret haud facile dis cerneres,

Sall. C. 25, 3; so with an, Tac. A. 5, 6; id. H. 3, 28; Suet. Calig. 25; cf.: nec discernatur, jussu injussu imperatoris pugnent, [p. 587] Liv. 8, 34 fin. —

To determine, settle:

limes agro positus litem ut discerneret arvis,

Verg. A. 12, 898:

discerne causam meam,

Vulg. Psa. 42, 1.—

To except, omit, Amm. 14, 8, 7.—Hence, *

discernen-ter, adv., with a distinction, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, no. 81.—

discrētim, adv., separately, distinctly, App. M. 6, p. 173:

singillatim ac discretim,

id. Flor. 9, p. 347:

adoriri,

Amm. 29, 6:

tradi,

id. 28, 1; Hilar. in Psa. 138, 23.

dis-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3, v. a. [quatio], to strike asunder, dash to pieces, shatter, etc.

In gen.: dentes, Lucil. ap. Non. 455, 18:

deum delubra,

Lucr. 6, 418; cf.:

columna rostrata tota ad imum fulmine discussa est,

Liv. 42, 20:

ne saxa ex catapultis lateritium discuterent,

Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 3; cf.:

aliquantum muri tribus arietibus,

Liv. 21, 12: rostro (navis) discusso, shattered, Auct. B. Alex. 46, 2; cf.:

tempora cava ictu,

Ov. M. 2, 625:

ora saxo,

id. ib. 4, 519:

percussam aquam,

Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118:

nubes,

Ov. M. 15, 70:

discussae jubae capiti,

Verg. A. 9, 810 et saep.—

In partic.

In medic. lang., to scatter, disperse ( = digerere), Cels. 2, 17; 3, 15; Scrib. Comp. 43; Plin. 30, 15, 47, § 135 et saep. —

Pregn., to break up, scatter, disperse, dissipate.

Lit. (rarely):

illos coetus,

Liv. 2, 28; cf.:

Boeoticum consilium,

id. 42, 44:

sole orto est discussa (caligo),

id. 29, 27:

caligo,

Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 5; cf.

umbras (sol),

Verg. G. 3, 357; id. A. 12, 669:

discussa nox,

Luc. 5, 700.—Rarely with pers. objects:

Cato discutit Etruscos, Gabinius Marsos, etc.,

routs, subdues, Flor. 3, 18, 13; cf.:

hostiles turmae discussae,

Amm. 25, 1.—Far more freq. and class.,

Trop.:

terrorem animi tenebrasque,

to disperse, dispel, Lucr. 1, 148; 2, 61 al.; cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 57:

quod rem totam discusseram,

had frustrated, brought to naught, id. Q. Fr. 2, 12;

so freq.: rem,

Liv. 34, 56; 39, 10; Suet. Dom. 2 al.:

discutere et comprimere periculum consilio,

Cic. Mur. 39, 84; so,

periculum,

Liv. 2, 52; Front. Strat. 2, 11, 4:

captiones (shortly before: dissolvere interrogationes),

Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 46: omnem ejus cunctationem, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 2:

disceptationem,

Liv. 38, 13:

crimen alicujus,

Quint. 4, 2, 18:

famam,

Tac. H. 2, 9:

fidem,

Luc. 1, 119:

consilia hostium,

Front. Strat. 4, 7, 31:

seditionem,

id. ib. 1, 9, 2; Vell. 2, 81:

bellum (with sepelire),

id. 2, 75:

nefas,

Flor. 3, 18, 9 et saep. —Hence, * discussē, adv., only comp., minutely, accurately:

explorare discussius,

Mart. Cap. 9, § 891.

, to separate mentally, distinguish, as in disputare, discernere, etc.), which prevails in the post-class. derivatives: discussio, discussor, and discusse; as also in the Romance: discutere, discussare, discussione; discuter, discussion, etc., there appear to be no examples in the literary language.

eugĕ ( eugē or eugae, Ter. And. 2, 2, 8), interj., = euge, an exclamation of joy, applause, admiration, etc., well done! good! bravo! (cf. eu; freq. in Plaut. and Ter., and [p. 664] in the Vulg.).

In gen.:

euge, euge, perbene, Ab saxo avortit fluctus ad litus scapham,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 75; id. Aul. 4, 6, 11; id. Ep. 3, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5; id. Mil. 4, 1, 20 et saep.; Ter. And. 2, 2, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 2, 10; Pers. 5, 167; 1, 75; as an indecl. subst., n.:

euge tuum,

id. 1, 50; Mart. 2, 27, 3:

euge,

well done, Vulg. Psa. 34, 21; id. Matt. 25, 21.—So, eugepae (contracted from euge papae), Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 41; id. Capt. 2, 2, 24; id. Ep. 1, 1, 7; id. Ps. 2, 4, 53; id. Rud. 1, 2, 81; 2, 4, 24.—

Esp., with an ironical signif. superadded, excellent! admirable! euge, optime, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 170; id. Pers. 1, 3, 10; Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 13. V. Hand, Turs. II. p. 610 sq.

eugĕ ( eugē or eugae, Ter. And. 2, 2, 8), interj., = euge, an exclamation of joy, applause, admiration, etc., well done! good! bravo! (cf. eu; freq. in Plaut. and Ter., and [p. 664] in the Vulg.).

In gen.:

euge, euge, perbene, Ab saxo avortit fluctus ad litus scapham,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 75; id. Aul. 4, 6, 11; id. Ep. 3, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5; id. Mil. 4, 1, 20 et saep.; Ter. And. 2, 2, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 2, 10; Pers. 5, 167; 1, 75; as an indecl. subst., n.:

euge tuum,

id. 1, 50; Mart. 2, 27, 3:

euge,

well done, Vulg. Psa. 34, 21; id. Matt. 25, 21.—So, eugepae (contracted from euge papae), Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 41; id. Capt. 2, 2, 24; id. Ep. 1, 1, 7; id. Ps. 2, 4, 53; id. Rud. 1, 2, 81; 2, 4, 24.—

Esp., with an ironical signif. superadded, excellent! admirable! euge, optime, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 170; id. Pers. 1, 3, 10; Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 13. V. Hand, Turs. II. p. 610 sq.

ex-aspĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to make rough, to roughen (not ante-Aug.).

Lit.:

fauces,

Cels. 1, 3; cf.:

summam cutem,

id. 3, 27:

arterias,

Plin. 22, 23, 48, § 100:

corpus,

id. 31, 6, 34, § 67:

tussim,

id. 23, 4, 51, § 97:

faucium vitio exasperatur vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 20:

undas,

to roughen, stir up, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 27:

mare fluctibus,

Liv. 37, 12 fin. (cf. aspero).— Poet.:

aegida innumeris signis,

i. e. to adorn with raised sculptures, Claud. III. Cons. Honor. 193:

ensem saxo,

to sharpen, whet, Sil. 4, 19.—

Trop., to irritate, provoke, exasperate:

durati (Gallograeci) tot malis exasperatique,

made savage, Liv. 38, 17, 17:

exasperavit animos ferocia nimia Harpali,

id. 42, 14; so,

animos,

id. 28, 25; 33, 39; Cels. 3, 5 fin.; cf.:

animum hoc criminum genere,

Liv. 40, 20 fin.:

Ligures exasperati,

id. 42, 26:

majorem civitatis partem,

Val. Max. 6, 5, 3:

canes,

i. e. to incite, set on, App. M. 4, p. 143; cf.

apes,

Col. 9, 15, 4 et saep.:

rem verbis exasperavit,

exasperated, made worse, Quint. 4, 2, 75.

fornix, ĭcis, m., an arch or vault (cf.: camera, testudo, tholus, lacunar).

Lit.:

Democritus invenisse dicitur fornicem, ut lapidum curvatura paulatim inclinatorum medio saxo alligaretur,

Sen. Ep. 90 med.:

si quis in pariete communi demoliendo damni infecti promiserit, non debebit praestare, quod fornix vitii fecerit,

Cic. Top. 4, 22; Auct. Her. 3, 16, 29:

aqua fornicibus structis perducta (Romam),

Plin. 31, 3, 24, § 41:

conspicio adverso fornice portas,

the entrance under the archway over against us, Verg. A. 6, 631:

fornices in muro erant apti ad excurrendum,

vaulted openings from which to make sallies, Liv. 36, 23, 3; a covered way, id. 44, 11, 5.— Poet., of the arches of heaven: caeli ingentes fornices, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 19 Müll. (Trag. v. 423 ed. Vahl.), a figure found fault with by Cicero, Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 162.—

In partic.: Fornix Făbĭus, a triumphal arch built by Q. Fabius Allobrogicus in the Sacra Via, near the Regia. Cic. Planc. 7, 17; Quint. 6, 3, 67;

also called Fornix Fabianus,

Cic. Verr. 1, 7, 19 (for which:

Arcus Fabianus,

Sen. Const. Sap. 1); and:

Fornix Fabii,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267; cf. Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 239 sq.—

Transf., a brothel, bagnio, stew, situated in underground vaults, Hor. S. 1, 2, 30 sq.; id. Ep. 1, 14, 21; Juv. 3, 156; 11, 171.—Hence, transf., of one who gave himself up to prostitution:

(Caesarem) Curio stabulum Nicomedis et Bithynicum fornicem dicit,

Suet. Caes. 49.