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21 Niepce de St Victor, Claude Félix Abel
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1805 Saint-Cyr, Franced. 1870 France[br]French soldier and photographic scientist, inventor of the first practicable glass negative process.[br]A cousin of the photographic pioneer J.N. Niepce, he attended the military school of Saumur, graduating in 1827. Niepce de St Victor had wide scientific interests, but came to photography indirectly from experiments he made on fading dyes in military uniforms. He was transferred to the Paris Municipal Guard in 1845 and was able to set up a chemical laboratory to conduct research. From photographic experiments performed in his spare time, Niepce de St Victor devised the first practicable photographic process on glass in 1847. Using albumen derived from the white of eggs as a carrier for silver iodide, he prepared finely detailed negatives which produced positive prints far sharper than those made with the paper negatives of Talbot's calotype process. Exposure times were rather long, however, and the albumen-negative process was soon displaced by the wet-collodion process introduced in 1851, although albumen positives on glass continued to be used for high-quality stereoscopic views and lantern slides. In 1851 Niepce de St Victor described a photographic colour process, and between 1853 and 1855 he developed his famous cousin's bitumen process into a practicable means of producing photographically derived printing plates. He then went on to investigate the use of uranium salts in photography. He presented twenty-six papers to the Académie des Sciences between 1847 and 1862.[br]Bibliography1847, Comptes Rendus 25(25 October):586 (describes his albumen-on-glass process).Further ReadingJ.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E.Epstean, New York (provides details of his contributions to photography).JWBiographical history of technology > Niepce de St Victor, Claude Félix Abel
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См. также в других словарях:
Saumur — Saumur … Deutsch Wikipedia
Saumur — Escudo … Wikipedia Español
saumur — ● saumur nom masculin Vin blanc récolté dans la région de Saumur (Maine et Loire). saumur [somyʀ] n. m. ÉTYM. 1904; de Saumur, ville du Maine et Loire. ❖ ♦ Vin blanc de la région de Saumur. ➪ tableau Classification des vins … Encyclopédie Universelle
Saumur — [so myr], Stadt im Département Maine et Loire, Frankreich, an der unteren Loire, 30 100 Einwohner; Weinbauschule, Kavallerieschule, Museen; Pferdezucht; Zentrum eines Weinbaugebietes mit Wein und Sektkellereien, Likörherstellung; Konserven ,… … Universal-Lexikon
Saumur — Porté dans la Vienne et les Deux Sèvres, désigne celui qui est originaire de Saumur (49). Variante québecoise : Saumure. Dérivés : Saumureau (49), Saumurot … Noms de famille
Saumur — (spr. Somühr), 1) Arrondissement im französischen Departement Mayenne u. Loire; 32 QM., 94,900 Ew.; 2) Hauptstadt des Arrondissements, an der Loire u. an der Eisenbahn von Paris über Orleans u. Tours nach Nantes; 2 Brücken, Felsenschloß (jetzt… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Saumur — (spr. ßomǖr), Arrondissementshauptstadt im franz. Depart. Maine et Loire, in imposanter Lage am linken Ufer der Loire, die hier den Thouet aufnimmt, Knotenpunkt der Orléansbahn, der Staatsbahnlinie Paris Bordeaux und der Lokalbahn S. Cholet, hat… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
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Saumur — For the wine, see Saumur (wine). For the Canadian Supreme Court decision, see Saumur v. The City of Quebec. Saumur The château at Saumur … Wikipedia
