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  • 1 return on investment

    Fin
    a ratio of the profit made in a financial year as a percentage of an investment
    Abbr. ROI
    EXAMPLE
    The most basic expression of ROI can be found by dividing a company’s net profit (also called net earnings) by the total investment (total debt plus total equity), then multiplying by 100 to arrive at a percentage:
    Net profit/Total investment × 100 = ROI
    If, say, net profit is $30 and total investment is $250, the ROI is:
    30/250 = 0.12 × 100 = 12%
    A more complex variation of ROI is an equation known as the Du Pont formula:
    (Net profit after taxes/ Total assets) = (Net profit after taxes/ Sales) × Sales/Total assets
    If, for example, net profit after taxes is $30, total assets are $250, and sales are $500, then:
    30/ 250 = 30/ 500 × 500/250 =12% = 6% × 2 = 12%
    Champions of this formula, which was developed by the Du Pont Company in the 1920s, say that it helps reveal how a company has both deployed its assets and controlled its costs, and how it can achieve the same percentage return in different ways.
         For shareholders, the variation of the basic ROI formula used by investors is:
    Net income + (current value – original value) /original value × 100 = ROI
    If, for example, somebody invests $5,000 in a company and a year later has earned $100 in dividends, while the value of the shares is $5,200, the return on investment would be:
    100 + (5,200 – 5,000)/ 5,000 × 100 (100 + 200)/ 5,000 × 100 = 300/ 5,000 = 0.06 × 100 = 6% ROI
         It is vital to understand exactly what a return on investment measures, for example assets, equity, or sales. Without this understanding, comparisons may be misleading. It is also important to establish whether the net profit figure used is before or after provision for taxes.

    The ultimate business dictionary > return on investment

  • 2 return on assets

    Fin
    a measure of profitability calculated by expressing a company’s net income as a percentage of total assets.
    Abbr. ROA
    EXAMPLE
    Because the ROA formula reflects total revenue, total cost, and assets deployed, the ratio itself reflects a management’s ability to generate income during the course of a given period, usually a year.
         To calculate ROA, net income is divided by total assets, then multiplied by 100 to express the figure as a percentage:
    Net income /total assets × 100 = ROA
    If net income is $30, and total assets are $420, the ROA is:
    30 /420 = 0.0714 × 100 = 7.14%
         A variation of this formula can be used to calculate return on net assets (RONA):
    Net income /fixed assets + working capital = RONA
    And, on occasion, the formula will separate after-tax interest expense from net income:
    Net income + interest expense /total assets = ROA
    It is therefore important to understand what each component of the formula actually represents.
         Some experts recommend using the net income value at the end of the given period, and the assets value from beginning of the period or an average value taken over the complete period, rather than an end-of-theperiod value; otherwise, the calculation will include assets that have accumulated during the year, which can be misleading.

    The ultimate business dictionary > return on assets

  • 3 return on market value

    Abbreviation: romv

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > return on market value

  • 4 rate of return

    Fin
    an accounting ratio of the income from an investment to the amount of the investment, used to measure financial performance.
    EXAMPLE
    There is a basic formula that will serve most needs, at least initially:
    [(Current value of amount invested – Original value of amount invested) / Original value of amount invested] × 100% = rate of return
    If $1,000 in capital is invested in stock, and one year later the investment yields $1,100, the rate of return of the investment is calculated like this:
    [(1100 – 1000) / 1000] × 100% = 100 / 1000 × 100% = 10% rate of return
    Now, assume $1,000 is invested again. One year later, the investment grows to $2,000 in value, but after another year the value of the investment falls to $1,200. The rate of return after the first year is:
    [(2000 – 1000) / 1000] × 100% = 100%
    The rate of return after the second year is:
    [(1200 – 2000) / 2000] × 100% = – 40%
         The average annual return for the two years (also known as average annual arithmetic return) can be calculated using this formula:
    (Rate of return for Year 1 + Rate of return for Year 2) /2 = average annual return
         Accordingly:
    (100% + – 40%) /2 = 30%
    The average annual rate of return is a percentage, but one that is accurate over only a short period, so this method should be used accordingly.
         The geometric or compound rate of return is a better yardstick for measuring investments over the long term, and takes into account the effects of compounding. This formula is more complex and technical.
         The real rate of return is the annual return realized on an investment, adjusted for changes in the price due to inflation. If 10% is earned on an investment but inflation is 2%, then the real rate of return is actually 8%.

    The ultimate business dictionary > rate of return

  • 5 total return

    Gen Mgt
    the total percentage change in the value of an investment over a specified time period, including capital gains, dividends, and the investment’s appreciation or depreciation.
    EXAMPLE
    The total return formula reflects all the ways in which an investment may earn or lose money, resulting in an increase or decrease in the investment’s net asset value (NAV):
    (Dividends + Capital gains distributions +/ - Change in NAV)/ Beginning NAV = Total return × 100%
    If, for instance, you buy a stock with an initial NAV of $40, and after one year it pays an income dividend of $2 per share and a capital gains distribution of $1, and its NAV has increased to $42, then the stock’s total return would be:
    (2 + 1 + 2)/ 40 = 5/ 40 = 0.125 × 100% = 12.5%
    The total return time frame is usually one year, and it assumes that dividends have been reinvested. It does not take into account any sales charges that an investor paid to invest in a fund, or taxes they might owe on the income dividends and capital gains distributions received.

    The ultimate business dictionary > total return

  • 6 net present value

    Fin
    the value of an investment calculated as the sum of its initial cost and the present value of expected future cash flows.
    Abbr. NPV
    EXAMPLE
    A positive NPV indicates that the project should be profitable, assuming that the estimated cash flows are reasonably accurate. A negative NPV indicates that the project will probably be unprofitable and therefore should be adjusted, if not abandoned altogether.
         NPV enables a management to consider the time-value of money it will invest. This concept holds that the value of money increases with time because it can always earn interest in a savings account. When the time-value-of-money concept is incorporated in calculation of NPV, the value of a project’s future net cash receipts in “today’s money” can be determined. This enables proper comparisons between different projects.
         For example, if Global Manufacturing Inc. is considering the acquisition of a new machine, its management will consider all the factors: initial purchase and installation costs; additional revenues generated by sales of the new machine’s products, plus the taxes on these new revenues. Having accounted for these factors in its calculations, the cash flows that Global Manufacturing projects will generate from the new machine are:
    At first glance, it appears that cash-flows total 45% more than the $100,000 initial cost, a sound investment indeed. But time-value of NPV calculation money shrinks return on the project considerably, since future dollars are worth less than present dollars in hand. NPV accounts for these differences with the help of presentvalue tables, which list the ratios that express the present value of expected cash-flow dollars, based on the applicable interest rate and the number of years in question.
         In the example, Global Manufacturing’s cost of capital is 9%. Using this figure to find the corresponding ratios on the present value table, the $100,000 investment cost, expected annual revenues during the five years in question, the NPV calculation is shown below.
         NPV is still positive. So, on this basis at least, the investment should proceed.

    The ultimate business dictionary > net present value

  • 7 economic value added

    Fin
    a way of judging financial performance by measuring the amount by which the earnings of a project, an operation, or a corporation exceed or fall short of the total amount of capital that was originally invested by its owners.
    EXAMPLE
    EVA is conceptually simple: from net operating profit, subtract an appropriate charge for the opportunity cost of all capital invested in an enterprise—the amount that could have been invested elsewhere. It is calculated using this formula:
    Net operating profit less applicable taxes – Cost of capital = EVA
    If a company is considering building a new plant, and its total weighted cost over ten years is $80 million, while the expected annual incremental return on the new operation is $10 million, or $100 million over ten years, then the plant’s EVA would be positive, in this case $20 million:
    $100 million – $80 million = $20 million
    An alternative but more complex formula for EVA is:
    (% Return on invested capital – % Cost of capital) × original capital invested = EVA
    An objective of EVA is to determine which business units best utilize their assets to generate returns and maximize shareholder value; it can be used to assess a company, a business unit, a single plant, office, or even an assembly line. This same technique is equally helpful in evaluating new business opportunities.
    Abbr. EVA

    The ultimate business dictionary > economic value added

  • 8 shareholder value

    Fin
    total return to the shareholders in terms of both dividends and share price growth, calculated as the present value of future free cash flows of the business discounted at the weighted average cost of the capital of the business less the market value of its debt

    The ultimate business dictionary > shareholder value

  • 9 average accounting return

    Fin
    the percentage return realized on an asset, as measured by its book value, after taxes and depreciation

    The ultimate business dictionary > average accounting return

  • 10 השבת שווי

    return of value

    Hebrew-English dictionary > השבת שווי

  • 11 значение возврата

    1) Automation: returning value
    2) SAP.tech. RC, return code, return code value, return value

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > значение возврата

  • 12 plusvalía

    • added value
    • added-value
    • gain in value
    • goodwill
    • increase in stocks
    • increase in value
    • increase in velocity
    • increased return
    • increased value
    • increasing
    • surplus value
    • unearned increment
    • value increase

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > plusvalía

  • 13 alza de valor

    • gain in value
    • increased return
    • increased value
    • increasing

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > alza de valor

  • 14 доставлять значение

    <comput.> return a value

    Русско-английский технический словарь > доставлять значение

  • 15 значение возвращаемого параметра

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > значение возвращаемого параметра

  • 16 передача и возврат по значению

    SAP.tech. pass and return by value

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > передача и возврат по значению

  • 17 предельный доход

    1) General subject: marginal revenue
    4) Diplomatic term: marginal gains
    5) Banking: MR (marginal revenue)
    6) Advertising: marginal profit

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > предельный доход

  • 18 mayor valía

    • increased return
    • increased value
    • increasing
    • unearned increment

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > mayor valía

  • 19 параметр возврата (реле)

    1. return value
    2. resetting value
    3. reset value

     

    параметр возврата (реле)
    —
    [Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]

    Тематики

    • электротехника, основные понятия

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > параметр возврата (реле)

  • 20 возвращаемое функцией значение

    1. return value

     

    возвращаемое функцией значение
    —
    [Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]

    Тематики

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > возвращаемое функцией значение

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См. также в других словарях:

  • value — I (New American Roget s College Thesaurus) n. usefulness, worth; price, cost, rate, rating; estimation, valuation, merit; import; significance; shade, tone, emphasis. v. t. esteem, prize, treasure, regard highly; appraise, evaluate, assess, rate …   English dictionary for students

  • value — /ˈvælju / (say valyooh) noun 1. that property of a thing because of which it is esteemed, desirable, or useful, or the degree of this property possessed; worth, merit, or importance: the value of education. 2. material or monetary worth, as in… …  

  • Value Added Monthly Index - VAMI — An index that tracks the monthly performance of a hypothetical $1000 investment. The calculation for the current month s VAMI is: = Previous VAMI x (1 + Current Rate of Return) The value added monthly index charts the total return gained by an… …   Investment dictionary

  • Value premium — In investing, value premium refers to the greater risk adjusted return of value stocks over growth stocks. Eugene Fama and K. G. French first identified the premium in 1992, using a measure they called HML (high book to market ratio minus low… …   Wikipedia

  • Return value optimization — Return value optimization, or simply RVO, is a compiler optimization technique that involves eliminating the temporary object created to hold a function s return value.[1] In C++, it is particularly notable for being allowed to change the… …   Wikipedia

  • Value at risk — (VaR) is a maximum tolerable loss that could occur with a given probability within a given period of time. VaR is a widely applied concept to measure and manage many types of risk, although it is most commonly used to measure and manage the… …   Wikipedia

  • Return on capital employed — (ROCE) is used in finance as a measure of the returns that a company is realising from its capital employed. It is commonly used as a measure for comparing the performance between businesses and for assessing whether a business generates enough… …   Wikipedia

  • Return of capital — (ROC) refers to payments back to capital owners (shareholders, partners, unitholders) that exceed the growth (net income/taxable income) of a business. It should not be confused with return on capital which measures a rate of return . The ROC… …   Wikipedia

  • Return to Nevèrÿon (series) — Return to Nevèrÿon book covers Return to Nevèrÿon is a series of eleven “sword and sorcery” stories by Samuel R. Delany, originally published in four volumes during the years 1979 1987. Those volumes are: Tales of Nevèrÿon Neveryóna, or: The Tale …   Wikipedia

  • Value Measuring Methodology — (or VMM) is a tool that helps planners balance both tangible and intangible values when making investment decisions, and monitor benefits.Formal methods to calculate the Return on Investment (or ROI) have been widely understood and used for a… …   Wikipedia

  • value added — is the risk adjusted return generated by an investment strategy: the return of the investment strategy minus the return of the benchmark. Bloomberg Financial Dictionary * * * Ⅰ. value added UK US (also value added) noun …   Financial and business terms

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