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1 hard
hard [hα:d]1. adjectivea. ( = not soft) dur ; [blow, kick, punch] violent• to set hard [concrete, clay] bien prendre• no hard feelings! sans rancune !• to show there are no hard feelings pour montrer qu'il n'y a pas de rancune entre nous (or eux etc)• to take a hard line with sb/on sth se montrer intransigeant avec qn/quand il s'agit de qch• to be hard on sb [person] être dur avec qn• hard luck! pas de chance !b. ( = not easy) dur ; [battle, fight] rude• I find it hard to believe that... j'ai du mal à croire que...• it's hard work! c'est dur !c. ( = committed) he's a hard worker il est travailleurd. [winter, climate] rude ; [frost] forte. [evidence] tangible ; [fact] concret2. adverb• no matter how hard I try, I... j'ai beau essayer, je...b. ( = badly) to take sth hard être très affecté par qch3. compounds► hard hat noun casque m ; ( = riding hat) bombe f ; (US = construction worker) ouvrier m du bâtiment• a hard-headed businessman un homme d'affaires qui a la tête sur les épaules ► hard-hearted adjective insensible* * *[hɑːd] 1.1) ( firm) durto go ou grow ou become hard — durcir
frozen hard — complètement gelé; hard lens
2) ( difficult) [problem, question, task] dur, difficile; [choice, decision] difficile; [bargaining, negotiations, fight] dur, serréto be hard to open — être dur or difficile à ouvrir
it's hard to do — c'est dur or difficile à faire
to find it hard to do something — avoir du mal à faire quelque chose, trouver dur or difficile de faire quelque chose
it's hard to accept/believe — on a du mal à accepter/croire ( that que)
it was hard work ou going — ça a été dur or difficile
hard work never hurt ou killed anybody! — le travail n'a jamais fait de mal à personne!
to be a hard worker — être travailleur/-euse
to find something out ou learn something the hard way — apprendre quelque chose à ses dépens
3) ( harsh) [life, year] difficile; [blow] fig dur, terrible; [winter] rudehard luck ou lines (colloq) GB! — pas de chance!
to take a hard line — adopter une attitude ferme ( on something à propos de quelque chose; with somebody envers quelqu'un)
it's a hard life — gen, hum, iron la vie est dure
to give somebody a hard time — (colloq) ( make things difficult) rendre la vie impossible à quelqu'un; ( tell off) passer un savon (colloq) à quelqu'un
4) (stern, cold) [person, look, words] dur, sévère5) ( concrete) [evidence, fact] solide6) ( stark) [colour, light] dur7) ( strong) [liquor] fort; [drug] dur; [pornography] hard (colloq) (inv)8) Politicsthe hard left/right — la gauche/droite (pure et) dure
9) Chemistry [water] dur, calcaire10) Linguistics [consonant] dur11) (colloq) ( tough) [person] dur12) Finance [currency] fort2.1) (strongly, energetically) [push, hit, cry] fort; [work] dur; [study, think] sérieusement; [rain] à verse; [snow] abondamment; [look, listen] attentivementto be hard hit — fig être durement frappé (by par)
to try hard — ( intellectually) faire beaucoup d'efforts; ( physically) essayer de toutes ses forces
no matter how hard I try/work, I... — j'ai beau essayer/travailler, je...
to be hard at it (colloq) ou at work — être en plein travail
2) ( with directions)hard behind — juste derrière; heel
••to be/feel hard done by — être/se sentir brimé
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2 resistance
resistance [rɪˈzɪstəns]* * *[rɪ'zɪstəns]noun résistance f (to à)••to take the line ou path of least resistance — choisir la voie de la facilité
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3 proof
proof [pru:f]1. nouna. preuve f• to be living proof of sth/that... être la preuve vivante de qch/que...b. ( = printed copy) épreuve f• this whisky is 70° proof ≈ ce whisky titre 40° degrés2. adjective[+ fabric, tent] imperméabiliser4. compounds* * *[pruːf] 1.1) ( evidence) preuve f also Mathematicsproof of identity — pièce f d'identité
2) ( in printing) épreuve f3) Photography épreuve f4) ( of alcohol) niveau m étalon2.to be 70° ou 70% proof — ≈ titrer 40° d'alcool
3.to be proof against — être à l'épreuve de [heat, infection]; être à l'abri de [temptation, charms]
- proof combining form ( resistant to)4.transitive verb1) imperméabiliser [fabric]; insonoriser [room, house]2) = proofread -
4 resist
[rə'zist]1) (to fight against, usually successfully: The soldiers resisted the enemy attack; He tried to resist arrest; It's hard to resist temptation.) résister (à)2) (to be able to stop oneself doing, taking etc (something): I couldn't resist kicking him when he bent down; I just can't resist strawberries.) résister (à)3) (to be unaffected or undamaged by: a metal that resists rust/acids.) résister (à)•- resistant
См. также в других словарях:
resistant — [[t]rɪzɪ̱stənt[/t]] 1) ADJ GRADED: oft ADJ to n Someone who is resistant to something is opposed to it and wants to prevent it. Some people are very resistant to the idea of exercise. 2) ADJ GRADED: oft ADJ to n If something is resistant to a… … English dictionary
resistant — adjective 1 not damaged or affected by something (+ to): This type of flu is resistant to antibiotics. 2 opposed to something and wanting to prevent it happening (+ to): The Club is resistant to any form of change. 3 heat resistant/fire resistant … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
resistant — re|sis|tant [rıˈzıstənt] adj 1.) not damaged or affected by something →↑proof resistant to ▪ an infection that s resistant to antibiotics heat resistant/stain resistant/fire resistant etc ▪ shock resistant rubber 2.) opposed to something and… … Dictionary of contemporary English
resistant — re|sis|tant [ rı zıstənt ] adjective 1. ) not harmed or affected by something: resistant to: a disease that is resistant to antibiotics 2. ) opposed to something: resistant to: people who are stubbornly resistant to change … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
resistant — UK [rɪˈzɪst(ə)nt] / US [rɪˈzɪstənt] adjective 1) not harmed or affected by something resistant to: a disease that is resistant to antibiotics 2) opposed to something resistant to: people who are stubbornly resistant to change … English dictionary
-resistant — [[t] rɪzɪstənt[/t]] COMB in ADJ GRADED resistant is added to nouns to form adjectives that describe something as not being harmed or affected by the thing mentioned. Children s suncare products are normally water resistant. ...heat resistant… … English dictionary
resistant — [rɪˈzɪst(ə)nt] adj 1) not harmed or affected by something a flame resistant material[/ex] 2) opposed to something … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
resistant — resistance ► NOUN 1) the action of resisting. 2) (also resistance movement) a secret organization resisting political authority. 3) the impeding effect exerted by one material thing on another. 4) the ability not to be affected by something. 5)… … English terms dictionary
resistant — /rəˈzɪstənt/ (say ruh zistuhnt) adjective 1. resisting. –noun 2. someone or something that resists …
impact-resistant — Something that is stiffened (to a certain degree) to resist the force of a collision … Dictionary of automotive terms
water-resistant — ADJ GRADED Something that is water resistant does not allow water to pass through it easily, or is not easily damaged by water. Microfibre fabrics are both water resistant and windproof... The personal stereo has a water resistant outer case … English dictionary