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21 программа для чтения экрана
Information technology: screen readerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > программа для чтения экрана
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22 программа экранного доступа
Programming: screen readerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > программа экранного доступа
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23 проектор
1) General subject: balopticon2) Engineering: lantern, projecting camera, projection apparatus, projection camera, projection device, projection instrument, projector, viewer3) Mathematics: projection4) Telecommunications: film reader5) Cartography: camera of projection, reflector6) Sakhalin energy glossary: beamer7) Automation: optical comparator, (оптический) optical projector, projector apparatus, screen projection unit, shadow graph, shadowgraph8) Medical appliances: imager9) Security: projector (огнемёта) -
24 скринридер
Programming: screen reader -
25 экранный диктор
General subject: screen reader -
26 Zeitungsbesitzer
Zeitungsbesitzer
newspaper owner (proprietor), press proprietor, newspaperman;
• Zeitungsbeteiligung newspaper stake;
• Zeitungsbetrieb newspaper plant;
• Zeitungsbezug subscription [to a newspaper];
• Zeitungsbranche news business (coll.);
• Zeitungsdruck newspaper work;
• Zeitungsdruckerei news house (Br.);
• Zeitungsdrucksache newspaper post (Br.), second-class mail (US);
• Zeitungsente mare’s nest, [newspaper] hoax, shave (Br. sl.);
• altes Zeitungsexemplar back number;
• Zeitungsexpedition newspaper dispatch office;
• Zeitungsformat newspaper size;
• Zeitungsgeld paper bill;
• Zeitungsgeld einziehen to call for the newspaper money;
• Zeitungsgeld monatlich kassieren to collect the money for the newspaper once a month;
• mörderisches Zeitungsgewerbe dog-eat-dog newspaper business;
• Zeitungshändler news vendor (agent, dealer, US), newsman;
• Zeitungsherausgeber news editor;
• Zeitungsindiskretionen newspaper leaks;
• Zeitungsindustrie newspaper industry;
• Zeitungsinserat insertion, [newspaper] advertisement, ad (US);
• Zeitungsinteresse newspaper attention;
• Zeitungsinterview newspaper (press) interview;
• Zeitungskatalog rate book;
• Zeitungskönig newspaper magnate, press lord (Br.);
• Zeitungskonzern newspaper syndicate (group);
• zu einem Zeitungskonzern zusammenschließen to syndicate newspapers;
• Zeitungskopf masthead, top;
• Zeitungskorrespondent correspondent, news[paper] reporter;
• gute Zeitungskritiken bekommen to have a good press;
• Zeitungsleser newspaper reader (audience), newsreader;
• von Interesse für den Zeitungsleser newsworthy;
• Zeitungsmeldung newspaper announcement (report), press report;
• Zeitungsnachricht newspaper report, news item;
• Zeitungsnachricht freigeben to release news;
• Zeitungsnotiz item of news, press (news) item, notice;
• alte Zeitungsnummer back[log] number;
• Zeitungspapier newsprint;
• Zeitungsporto newspaper rate;
• Zeitungspost newspaper post (Br.), second-class mail (US);
• Zeitungsraster newsprint screen;
• Zeitungsredakteur newspaper editor;
• Zeitungsredaktion editorial board;
• Zeitungsreklame newspaper advertising;
• ganzseitige Zeitungsreklame full-page advertisement;
• Zeitungsreporter reporter, correspondent, newspaperman, item man (US);
• Zeitungsrückfrage press query;
• haussetendenziöse Zeitungsspalte bullish column;
• Zeitungsstil newspaper writing (style), journalese;
• Zeitungsstreik newspaper strike;
• Zeitungssyndikat newspaper syndicate;
• Zeitungstext newspaper copy;
• Zeitungstitel title of a newspaper;
• Zeitungstrust newspaper syndicate;
• Zeitungsüberschrift [newspaper] headline;
• Zeitungsverkäufer news vendor (dealer), news[paper]man, news hawk (butcher) (US);
• Zeitungsverkaufsstelle newsroom (US), newspaper kiosk (Br.);
• Zeitungsverleger newspaper publisher (US) (owner), newspaperman;
• Zeitungsverlegerverband Newspaper Society (Br.);
• Zeitungsvertrieb distribution of a newspaper;
• Zeitungswerbung press advertisement;
• Zeitungswerbung unter Kennziffer keyed advertising;
• Zeitungswesen newsprinting, press, business of printing, journalism, fourth estate;
• Zeitungswirtschaft newspaper industry, the press;
• Zeitungszustelldienst newspaper delivery. -
27 näytön lukija
automatic data processing• screen reader -
28 przen|ieść
pf — przen|osić impf (przeniosę, przeniesiesz, przeniesie, przeniósł, przeniosła, przenieśli — przenoszę) Ⅰ vt 1. (niosąc, umieścić gdzie indziej) to carry [książki, stół, bagaż]- przeniósł ją przez próg he carried her across the threshold- przenosili meble do innego pokoju they were moving the furniture to another room- przeniósł niewiadomą z jednej strony równania na drugą he transferred an unknown from one side of the equation to the other- przenosiła ciężar ciała z jednej nogi na drugą she shifted the weight of her body from one leg to the other2. (rozprzestrzenić) to carry, to spread [choroby, zarazki]; to transplant [modę, zwyczaje]- komary przenoszą malarię malaria is carried by mosquitoes- choroby przenoszone drogą płciową sexually transmitted a. transmissible diseases- wiatr przenosił szybko ogień na inne domy the wind rapidly spread the fire to other buildings3. (ulokować w innym miejscu) to transfer, to move- przenieść szkołę do innego budynku to transfer a school to a different building4. (zmienić sytuację) to transfer- przenieść kogoś na inne stanowisko to transfer a. move sb to a different post- przenieść coś na ekran/scenę książk. to adapt sth for a. to transfer sth to the screen/stage- autor przeniósł na papier swoje rozważania the author transferred his thoughts (on)to paper- malarz przeniósł na płótno to ważne wydarzenie historyczne the artist committed this important historic event to canvas książk.- film przeniósł nas w lata 70. the film transported us back to the seventies- przenieśli go na emeryturę a. w stan spoczynku he was retired a. pensioned off5. (odtworzyć) to transfer- poprawki korektorskie przeniono na czystopis the proof-reader’s corrections have been transferred onto the fair copy- rysunek z książki przeniósł na karton he copied a drawing from the book onto cartridge paper6. przen. (przelać) to transfer [uczucia, prawa autorskie]- przeniosła miłość z męża na dziecko she transferred her love from her husband onto her child- przeniósł całą agresję z brata na bratową he transferred all the aggression he felt towards his brother onto his sister-in-law- przeniósł prawa majątkowe na syna he transferred the property to his son7. pot. to divide [wyraz] Ⅱ przenieść się – przenosić się 1. (zmienić miejsce pobytu) to move- przenieść się do innego miasta/na inny wydział to move to a different town/department- po podwieczorku przenieśli się do ogrodu after tea they moved into the garden2. (zostać przeniesionym) to move, to transfer- przenieśmy się teraz dwieście lat wstecz let’s now move two hundred years back a. into the past- ogień przenosił się na inne domy/na dach the fire was spreading to other buildings/onto the roof- szkoła przeniosła się do nowego budynku the school was moved a. was transferred to a new building, the school moved a. transferred to a new building- wiadomości przeniosły się pocztą pantoflową the news spread through the grapevine■ przenieść się do wieczności/na łono Abrahama to go to glory, to (go to) meet one’s Maker- przenieść się myślą a. myślami do kogoś/czegoś książk. to turn one’s thoughts to sb/sth- przeniosła się myślą do lat wczesnej młodości she turned her thoughts to her early youth, her thoughts went back to her early youth- przenieść wzrok a. spojrzenie a. oczy z kogoś/czegoś na kogoś/coś to turn one’s eyes from sb/sth onto sb/sth, to move one’s gaze from sb/sth to sb/sth- przeniosła wzrok z matki na ojca her gaze moved a. she moved her gaze from her mother to her fatherThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > przen|ieść
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29 bewerken
1 [werk verrichten aan] treat ⇒ work 〈 land, deeg〉, process 〈 grondstoffen, gegevens〉, tool 〈 steen〉, hammer 〈 ijzer〉, beat 〈 ijzer〉, 〈 redigeren〉 edit, 〈 herzien〉 rewrite, 〈 herzien〉 revise, 〈 omwerken〉 adapt2 [versieren] work, tool♦voorbeelden:1 een Frans boek voor het Nederlandse taalgebied bewerken • adapt a French book for the Dutch readerde grond bewerken • till the land/soilmuziek voor orkest bewerken • arrange music for orchestramachinaal bewerken • machinegeheel opnieuw bewerkt door • completely revised byiemand met een mes bewerken • set about someone with a knifebewerken tot een film • adapt for the screeneen prachtig bewerkte zilveren schaal • a handsomely wrought silver dish3 kamerleden bewerken • lobby M.P.'sde kiezers bewerken • canvass the votershij trachtte te bewerken dat zijn boek gepubliceerd werd • he tried to secure the publication of his book -
30 Edison, Thomas Alva
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Automotive engineering, Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Metallurgy, Photography, film and optics, Public utilities, Recording, Telecommunications[br]b. 11 February 1847 Milan, Ohio, USAd. 18 October 1931 Glenmont[br]American inventor and pioneer electrical developer.[br]He was the son of Samuel Edison, who was in the timber business. His schooling was delayed due to scarlet fever until 1855, when he was 8½ years old, but he was an avid reader. By the age of 14 he had a job as a newsboy on the railway from Port Huron to Detroit, a distance of sixty-three miles (101 km). He worked a fourteen-hour day with a stopover of five hours, which he spent in the Detroit Free Library. He also sold sweets on the train and, later, fruit and vegetables, and was soon making a profit of $20 a week. He then started two stores in Port Huron and used a spare freight car as a laboratory. He added a hand-printing press to produce 400 copies weekly of The Grand Trunk Herald, most of which he compiled and edited himself. He set himself to learn telegraphy from the station agent at Mount Clements, whose son he had saved from being run over by a freight car.At the age of 16 he became a telegraphist at Port Huron. In 1863 he became railway telegraphist at the busy Stratford Junction of the Grand Trunk Railroad, arranging a clock with a notched wheel to give the hourly signal which was to prove that he was awake and at his post! He left hurriedly after failing to hold a train which was nearly involved in a head-on collision. He usually worked the night shift, allowing himself time for experiments during the day. His first invention was an arrangement of two Morse registers so that a high-speed input could be decoded at a slower speed. Moving from place to place he held many positions as a telegraphist. In Boston he invented an automatic vote recorder for Congress and patented it, but the idea was rejected. This was the first of a total of 1180 patents that he was to take out during his lifetime. After six years he resigned from the Western Union Company to devote all his time to invention, his next idea being an improved ticker-tape machine for stockbrokers. He developed a duplex telegraphy system, but this was turned down by the Western Union Company. He then moved to New York.Edison found accommodation in the battery room of Law's Gold Reporting Company, sleeping in the cellar, and there his repair of a broken transmitter marked him as someone of special talents. His superior soon resigned, and he was promoted with a salary of $300 a month. Western Union paid him $40,000 for the sole rights on future improvements on the duplex telegraph, and he moved to Ward Street, Newark, New Jersey, where he employed a gathering of specialist engineers. Within a year, he married one of his employees, Mary Stilwell, when she was only 16: a daughter, Marion, was born in 1872, and two sons, Thomas and William, in 1876 and 1879, respectively.He continued to work on the automatic telegraph, a device to send out messages faster than they could be tapped out by hand: that is, over fifty words per minute or so. An earlier machine by Alexander Bain worked at up to 400 words per minute, but was not good over long distances. Edison agreed to work on improving this feature of Bain's machine for the Automatic Telegraph Company (ATC) for $40,000. He improved it to a working speed of 500 words per minute and ran a test between Washington and New York. Hoping to sell their equipment to the Post Office in Britain, ATC sent Edison to England in 1873 to negotiate. A 500-word message was to be sent from Liverpool to London every half-hour for six hours, followed by tests on 2,200 miles (3,540 km) of cable at Greenwich. Only confused results were obtained due to induction in the cable, which lay coiled in a water tank. Edison returned to New York, where he worked on his quadruplex telegraph system, tests of which proved a success between New York and Albany in December 1874. Unfortunately, simultaneous negotiation with Western Union and ATC resulted in a lawsuit.Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for a telephone in March 1876 while Edison was still working on the same idea. His improvements allowed the device to operate over a distance of hundreds of miles instead of only a few miles. Tests were carried out over the 106 miles (170 km) between New York and Philadelphia. Edison applied for a patent on the carbon-button transmitter in April 1877, Western Union agreeing to pay him $6,000 a year for the seventeen-year duration of the patent. In these years he was also working on the development of the electric lamp and on a duplicating machine which would make up to 3,000 copies from a stencil. In 1876–7 he moved from Newark to Menlo Park, twenty-four miles (39 km) from New York on the Pennsylvania Railway, near Elizabeth. He had bought a house there around which he built the premises that would become his "inventions factory". It was there that he began the use of his 200- page pocket notebooks, each of which lasted him about two weeks, so prolific were his ideas. When he died he left 3,400 of them filled with notes and sketches.Late in 1877 he applied for a patent for a phonograph which was granted on 19 February 1878, and by the end of the year he had formed a company to manufacture this totally new product. At the time, Edison saw the device primarily as a business aid rather than for entertainment, rather as a dictating machine. In August 1878 he was granted a British patent. In July 1878 he tried to measure the heat from the solar corona at a solar eclipse viewed from Rawlins, Wyoming, but his "tasimeter" was too sensitive.Probably his greatest achievement was "The Subdivision of the Electric Light" or the "glow bulb". He tried many materials for the filament before settling on carbon. He gave a demonstration of electric light by lighting up Menlo Park and inviting the public. Edison was, of course, faced with the problem of inventing and producing all the ancillaries which go to make up the electrical system of generation and distribution-meters, fuses, insulation, switches, cabling—even generators had to be designed and built; everything was new. He started a number of manufacturing companies to produce the various components needed.In 1881 he built the world's largest generator, which weighed 27 tons, to light 1,200 lamps at the Paris Exhibition. It was later moved to England to be used in the world's first central power station with steam engine drive at Holborn Viaduct, London. In September 1882 he started up his Pearl Street Generating Station in New York, which led to a worldwide increase in the application of electric power, particularly for lighting. At the same time as these developments, he built a 1,300yd (1,190m) electric railway at Menlo Park.On 9 August 1884 his wife died of typhoid. Using his telegraphic skills, he proposed to 19-year-old Mina Miller in Morse code while in the company of others on a train. He married her in February 1885 before buying a new house and estate at West Orange, New Jersey, building a new laboratory not far away in the Orange Valley.Edison used direct current which was limited to around 250 volts. Alternating current was largely developed by George Westinghouse and Nicola Tesla, using transformers to step up the current to a higher voltage for long-distance transmission. The use of AC gradually overtook the Edison DC system.In autumn 1888 he patented a form of cinephotography, the kinetoscope, obtaining film-stock from George Eastman. In 1893 he set up the first film studio, which was pivoted so as to catch the sun, with a hinged roof which could be raised. In 1894 kinetoscope parlours with "peep shows" were starting up in cities all over America. Competition came from the Latham Brothers with a screen-projection machine, which Edison answered with his "Vitascope", shown in New York in 1896. This showed pictures with accompanying sound, but there was some difficulty with synchronization. Edison also experimented with captions at this early date.In 1880 he filed a patent for a magnetic ore separator, the first of nearly sixty. He bought up deposits of low-grade iron ore which had been developed in the north of New Jersey. The process was a commercial success until the discovery of iron-rich ore in Minnesota rendered it uneconomic and uncompetitive. In 1898 cement rock was discovered in New Village, west of West Orange. Edison bought the land and started cement manufacture, using kilns twice the normal length and using half as much fuel to heat them as the normal type of kiln. In 1893 he met Henry Ford, who was building his second car, at an Edison convention. This started him on the development of a battery for an electric car on which he made over 9,000 experiments. In 1903 he sold his patent for wireless telegraphy "for a song" to Guglielmo Marconi.In 1910 Edison designed a prefabricated concrete house. In December 1914 fire destroyed three-quarters of the West Orange plant, but it was at once rebuilt, and with the threat of war Edison started to set up his own plants for making all the chemicals that he had previously been buying from Europe, such as carbolic acid, phenol, benzol, aniline dyes, etc. He was appointed President of the Navy Consulting Board, for whom, he said, he made some forty-five inventions, "but they were pigeonholed, every one of them". Thus did Edison find that the Navy did not take kindly to civilian interference.In 1927 he started the Edison Botanic Research Company, founded with similar investment from Ford and Firestone with the object of finding a substitute for overseas-produced rubber. In the first year he tested no fewer than 3,327 possible plants, in the second year, over 1,400, eventually developing a variety of Golden Rod which grew to 14 ft (4.3 m) in height. However, all this effort and money was wasted, due to the discovery of synthetic rubber.In October 1929 he was present at Henry Ford's opening of his Dearborn Museum to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the incandescent lamp, including a replica of the Menlo Park laboratory. He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and was elected to the American Academy of Sciences. He died in 1931 at his home, Glenmont; throughout the USA, lights were dimmed temporarily on the day of his funeral.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the American Academy of Sciences. Congressional Gold Medal.Further ReadingM.Josephson, 1951, Edison, Eyre \& Spottiswode.R.W.Clark, 1977, Edison, the Man who Made the Future, Macdonald \& Jane.IMcN
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