-
1 Wallis, Sir Barnes Neville
[br]b. 26 September 1887 Ripley, Derbyshire, Englandd. 30 October 1979 Leatherhead, Surrey, England[br]English aeronautical designer and inventor.[br]Wallis was apprenticed first at Thames Engineering Works, and then, in 1908, at John Samuel White's shipyard at Cowes. In 1913, the Government, spurred on by the accelerating development of the German Zeppelins (see Zeppelin, Ferdinand von), ordered an airship from Vickers; Wallis was invited to join the design team. Thus began his long association with aeronautical design and with Vickers. This airship, and the R80 that followed it, were successfully completed, but the military lost interest in them.In 1924 the Government initiated a programme for the construction of two airships to settle once and for all their viability for long-dis-tance air travel. The R101 was designed by a Government-sponsored team, but the R100 was designed by Wallis working for a subsidiary of Vickers. The R100 took off on 29 July 1930 for a successful round trip to Canada, but the R101 crashed on its first flight on 4 October, killing many of its distinguished passengers. The shock of this disaster brought airship development in Britain to an abrupt end and forced Wallis to direct his attention to aircraft.In aircraft design, Wallis is known for his use of geodesic construction, which combined lightness with strength. It was applied first to the single-engined "Wellesley" and then the twin-en-gined "Wellington" bomber, which first flew in 1936. With successive modifications, it became the workhorse of RAF Bomber Command during the Second World War until the autumn of 1943, when it was replaced by four-engined machines. In other areas, it remained in service until the end of the war and, in all, no fewer than 11,461 were built.Wallis is best known for his work on bomb design, first the bouncing bomb that was used to breach the Möhne and Eder dams in the Ruhr district of Germany in 1943, an exploit immortalized in the film Dambusters. Encouraged by this success, the authorities then allowed Wallis to realize an idea he had long urged, that of heavy, penetration bombs. In the closing stages of the war, Tallboy, of 12,000 lb (5,400 kg), and the 10-ton Grand Slam were used to devastating effect.After the Second World War, Wallis returned to aeronautical design and was given his own department at Vickers to promote his ideas, principally on variable-geometry or swing-wing aircraft. Over the next thirteen years he battled towards the prototype stage of this revolutionary concept. That never came, however; changing conditions and requirements and increasing costs led to the abandonment of the project. Bit-terly disappointed, Wallis continued his researches into high-speed aircraft until his retirement from Vickers (by then the British Aircraft Corporation), in 1971.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1968. FRS 1945.Further ReadingJ.Morpurgo, 1972, Barnes Wallis: A Biography, London: Longman (a readable account, rather biased in Wallis's favour).C.J.Heap, 1987, The Papers of Sir Barnes Wallis (1887–1979) in the Science Museum Library, London: Science Museum; with a biographical introd. by L.R.Day.LRDBiographical history of technology > Wallis, Sir Barnes Neville
См. также в других словарях:
R101 — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda R101 es una emisora de radio fm a escala nacional en el territorio italiano de capital privado. Es la radio del grupo Mondadori, con un público comprendido entre 25 y 45 años, y una media de 1.401.000 oyentes (A… … Wikipedia Español
R101 — infobox Aircraft name = R101 type = Airship manufacturer = Royal Airship Works caption = designer = V.C. Richmond first flight = 4 October 1930Clarifyme|date=June 2008 introduction = retired = status = primary user = more users = produced =… … Wikipedia
R101 — Die R101 Die R101 war wie ihr Schwesterschiff die R100 ein britisches Verkehrsluftschiff in den Jahren 1929 und 1930. Es wurde von der staatlichen Royal Airship Works in Cardington in Starrluftschiffbauweise gefertigt und sollte unter anderem der … Deutsch Wikipedia
R101 — 49°23′55″N 2°06′06″E / 49.39861, 2.10167 … Wikipédia en Français
R101 (dirigeable) — R101 carcasse du dirigeable quelques jours après l accident Le R101 est un dirigeable britannique qui s écrasa le 5 octobre 1930 sur une colline pr … Wikipédia en Français
R101 (дирижабль) — Проверить информацию. Необходимо проверить точность фактов и достоверность сведений, изложенных в этой статье. На странице обсуждения должны быть пояснения … Википедия
R101 (Italy) — Infobox Radio station name = R101 city = area = flagicon|Italy Italy National FM, DAB branding = slogan = Più La Ascolti, Più La Senti. airdate = March 10, 1975 frequency = several frequencies, change from geographical side to side format = power … Wikipedia
R101 (Western Cape) — The R101 is a regional highway in South Africa that is the designation for old sections that were previously the N1, prior to upgrading. The R101 begins in Bellville at the R102 and runs to the south parallel to the newer N1 freeway and is called … Wikipedia
R101 (Limpopo) — The R101 is a Regional Route in South Africa that connects Mokopane with Johannesburg via Bela Bela and Pretoria.External links* [http://www.routes.co.za/route/R100/R101/index.html Routes Travel Info] … Wikipedia
R101 — … Википедия
R-101 — R101 carcasse du dirigeable quelques jours après l accident Le R101 est un dirigeable britannique qui s écrasa le 5 octobre 1930 sur une colline pr … Wikipédia en Français
