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program+operations

  • 81 Demontage

    Demontage
    disassembling, disassembly, dismantling;
    • wirtschaftliche Demontage industrial dismantling;
    • Demontagearbeiten dismantling operations;
    • während der Demontagearbeiten during the process of dismantling;
    • Demontageliste dismantling list;
    • Demontageprogramm dismantling program(me);
    • Demontageverfahren process of dismantling.

    Business german-english dictionary > Demontage

  • 82 Optimalleistung

    Optimalleistung
    optimum capacity;
    • Optimalplanung optimal planning, operations research (US);
    • Optimalprogrammierung optimum program(m)ing;
    • Optimalweganalyse best-route analysis.

    Business german-english dictionary > Optimalleistung

  • 83 Regierungsfunktion

    Regierungsfunktion
    governmental function;
    • Regierungsgebäude government office (building);
    • Regierungsgeschäfte business of government;
    • Regierungsgeschäfte führen (wahrnehmen) to administer the government, to mind the store (US);
    • von einem Ministerium ausgeübte Regierungsgewalt consolidated government;
    • zentrale Regierungsgewalt big government (US);
    • Regierungsgewalt erringen (an sich reißen) to force one’s way into government;
    • Regierungskoalition coalition in power;
    • Regierungskommissar state commissioner;
    • Regierungskommission government commission;
    • Regierungskonferenz intergovernmental conference (IGC);
    • Regierungskreise government circles;
    • Regierungskrise cabinet crisis;
    • Regierungsmaschinerie government apparatus;
    • Regierungsmaßnahmen behindern to obstruct governmental operations;
    • Regierungsmehrheit government’s majority;
    • Regierungsmitglied cabinet minister (officer, US), member of the government;
    • Regierungsorgan organ of the government, governmental body (US);
    • Regierungspartei governing party, party in power, ins;
    • Regierungspartei werden to get in;
    • Regierungspolitik unterstützen to support the government (Br.);
    • Regierungsposten cabinet job;
    • Regierungsprogramm government plan (program(me));
    • Regierungssachverständiger government expert;
    • Regierungssitz seat of the government;
    • Regierungssprecher government spokesman (speaker);
    • Regierungsstelle governmental agency, government department (Br.);
    • Regierungssturz subversion (overthrow, fall) of the government;
    • Regierungssystem governmental system;
    • parlamentarisches Regierungssystem parliamentary regime, parliamentarianism;
    • Regierungstätigkeit governmental action (activity);
    • Regierungsübernahme accession to power;
    • Regierungsumbildung reshuffle of the government;
    • stabile Regierungsverhältnisse stable government;
    • Regierungsverlautbarung government communiqué;
    • Regierungsvertreter government delegate (agent, US);
    • Regierungsviertel center (US) (centre, Br.) of government;
    • Regierungsvorlage ministerial (government, public, administration, US) bill, command paper (Br.);
    • Regierungswechsel change in the cabinet;
    • Regierungszeit period of rule;
    • Regierungszugehörigkeit membership of the cabinet;
    • Regierungszusage administration’s commitments (US);
    • Regierungszusammenarbeit intergovernmental cooperation;
    • Regierungszuschuss [government] grant, grant-in-aid (US).

    Business german-english dictionary > Regierungsfunktion

  • 84 plan

    m (G planu) 1. (program działania) plan, scheme; (rozkład zajęć) schedule; (godzinowy) timetable
    - plan działania/kampanii a plan of action/of campaign
    - plan dyżurów a duty roster
    - plan lekcji Szkol. a (school) timetable
    - plan zajęć Uniw. a timetable, a class schedule
    - plan ucieczki an escape plan
    - plan wycieczki an itinerary, a travel plan
    - plan wydawniczy a planned publishing list, planned publications
    - narodowy plan gospodarczy a national economic plan
    - plan krótkoterminowy/długoterminowy a short-term/a long-term plan
    - plan pięcioletni a five-year plan
    - plan sześciopunktowy a six-point plan
    - sporządzić plan to draw up a. work out a plan
    - trzymać się planu to keep to a. stick to a plan
    - wszystko odbyło się zgodnie z planem everything went according to plan a. as planned
    - zatwierdzić/wykonać plan to approve/carry out a. implement a plan
    2. zw. pl (zamiar) plan
    - zmiana planów a change of plans
    - zmienić plany to change one’s plans
    - jakie masz plany na ten weekend? what are your plans for the weekend?
    - mieć plany co do swoich dzieci/co do przyszłości dzieci to have plans for one’s children/for one’s children’s future
    - mam co do Anny poważne plany, chciałbym się z nią ożenić I’m serious about Anna, I’d like to marry her
    - snuć plany to devise a. make plans
    - robić plany na przyszłość to plan ahead, to make plans for the future
    - zwierzyć się komuś ze swych planów to let sb in on one’s plans
    - mieć coś w planie to be planning sth
    - mieć w planie wyjazd za granicę to be planning to go abroad
    - w planie jest budowa nowej autostrady there are plans to build a new highway
    - plan się udał a. powiódł the plan worked
    - plan się nie udał a. nie powiódł the plan fell through a. didn’t work a. failed
    - pokrzyżować komuś plany to cross a. foil a. thwart sb’s plans
    - zniweczyć czyjeś plany to ruin sb’s plans
    - wprowadzić plan w życie to put a plan into operation a. to work
    3. (konspekt) plan
    - plan wypracowania/opowiadania an essay/a story outline
    - plan lekcji a lesson plan
    4. (miasta, marszruty) plan, map; (pomieszczeń, ogrodu) layout
    - plan Warszawy (mapa) a street plan of Warsaw; (booklet) a street guide to Warsaw
    - plan pokoju the layout of a room
    5. Archit., Budow. (projekt) plan, design; (światłokopia) blueprint
    - plan parteru/piętra a ground/a floor plan
    - narysować plan pawilonu/maszyny to draw up a plan of a pavilion/a machine
    6. Archit. (podstawa) plan
    - budowla na planie krzyża/koła a building on a cruciform/circular plan
    7. Szt., Kino, Teatr pierwszy/drugi plan the foreground/the background także przen.
    - na pierwszym/drugim planie in the foreground/background
    - być na pierwszym planie przen. to be of prime importance
    - w naszym domu muzyka była zawsze na pierwszym planie in our home music was always the first a. top priority
    - wysunąć się na pierwszy plan, znaleźć się na pierwszym planie przen. to come to the fore
    - zejść na dalszy a. drugi plan przen. to recede into the background
    - odsunąć a. zepchnąć coś na dalszy plan przen. to push sth into the background a. to the back
    8. Kino (miejsce kręcenia filmu) (film) set; (plener) location
    - plan ogólny a long shot
    - na planie on set
    - na planie „Batmana” on the set of ‘Batman’
    - wyjść na plan/zejść z planu to go on/walk off set
    9 przen. level, plane
    - akcja powieści rozgrywa się w dwóch planach czasowych the action of the novel takes place on two different time planes
    - plan realistyczny/symboliczny a realistic/a symbolic level a. plane
    □ plan awaryjny contingency plan
    - plan ewakuacyjny emergency evacuation plan
    - plan generalny master plan
    - plan kasowy Fin. fiscal a. financial plan
    - plan operacyjny a. strategiczny operational a. strategic plan, plan of operations
    - plan perspektywiczny long-term plan
    - plan regulacyjny Archit. regulating plan
    - plan sytuacyjny Archit. site plan
    - plan zbawienia a. Boży Relig. God’s plan (of salvation)
    - plan zagospodarowania przestrzennego Archit. development plan
    * * *
    -nu, -ny; loc sg - nie; m
    ( zamiar) plan; ( urlopów) schedule; ( działania) scheme; (wypracowania, wykładu) outline; ( mapa) street map; FILM set; ( plener) location

    pokrzyżować ( perf) czyjeś plany — to thwart sb's plans

    plan zajęć — ( godzinowy) timetable; ( tematyczny) syllabus

    według planu lub zgodnie z planem — according to plan

    drugi lub dalszy plan — background

    zejść ( perf) na drugi lub dalszy plan — to recede into the background

    * * *
    mi
    1. (= zamiar) intention; ( działania) scheme; pokrzyżować czyjeś plany upset the l. sb's applecart, thwart sb's plans; mieć w planie plan; według planu l. zgodnie z planem according to the plan, as planned.
    2. (= rozkład zajęć, czynności) schedule, timetable; plan podróży itinerary; plan działania action plan; plan inwestycyjny investment plan; plan perspektywiczny long-term plan.
    3. (= zarys) blueprint, design; (wypracowania, wykładu) outline.
    4. (= rysunek) plan, map; plan miasta street map; na planie prostokąta of rectangular plan; plan badań naukowych research project; plan sytuacyjny l. działki site plan.
    5. film, telew. (= odległość od kamery, oka widza) ground; drugi plan background; pierwszy plan foreground; być na pierwszym planie be in the foreground l. forefront; wysuwać się na pierwszy plan come to the fore; zejść na drugi l. dalszy plan recede l. fade into the background l. distance.
    6. film ( poza studiem) location; ( w studiu) set; na planie filmowym on location.

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > plan

  • 85 початок

    ч
    1) beginning; commencement; inception; ( дій) start, outset, go-off, throw-off

    на початку травня — in the beginning of May; early in May

    на початку третьої (години) — soon after two, a few minutes past two

    2) ( джерело) origin, source

    брати початок — to originate (in, from), to spring ( from), to have origin (in), to take rise (from, in)

    покласти початок (чому-небудь) — to start smth., to begin smth., to initiate smth.

    від початку до кінця — from beginning to end; from start to finish; from end to end, through

    для початку — to begin with, for a start

    початок вектора — origin of vector, vector tail

    початок відліку — reference, origin

    початок відліку часу — time origin, time zero

    початок робіт — commencement of operations, commencement of works

    Українсько-англійський словник > початок

  • 86 резидент

    ч
    2) fixed-post spy; chief of a country's intelligence operations in another country

    Українсько-англійський словник > резидент

  • 87 постепенное сокращение

    Постепенное сокращение-- The program provides for phasing out blast furnace operations at Youngstown by the end of 1982.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > постепенное сокращение

  • 88 computerprogramma

    n. computer program, logical sequence of operations to be performed by an electronic computer

    Holandés-inglés dicionario > computerprogramma

  • 89 прогонка


    метод прогонки - sweep method ( differential equations)

    Русско-английский математический словарь > прогонка

  • 90 отрабатывать все этапы полета

    Русско-английский словарь по космонавтике > отрабатывать все этапы полета

  • 91 программа автоматизации полевых наблюдений и обслуживания

    Русско-английский экологический словарь > программа автоматизации полевых наблюдений и обслуживания

  • 92 сокращать

    1. debulk
    2. diminish
    3. pare
    4. scale down

    урезать расходы; сокращать расходы — put down expenses

    5. shrink
    6. slacken
    7. slash
    8. slow down

    постепенно сокращать; свёртывать — phase down

    сокращать; стекать; сокращенный — run down

    9. abbreviate
    10. cut down

    сокращать наполовину; сокращенный наполовину — cut by half

    сокращающий; сокращение — boiling down

    11. retrench
    12. cut

    снижать, сокращать — to cut down

    13. abridgeable
    14. abridged
    15. contracted
    16. contracting
    17. cut back
    18. divide out
    19. shortened
    20. shortening
    21. shortens
    22. shorten; abbreviate; abridge; reduce; curtail; short; brief
    23. cancel
    24. condense
    25. contract
    26. dock
    27. prune
    28. reduce
    Синонимический ряд:
    1. увольнять (глаг.) выгонять; выпирать; вытуривать; вышвыривать; вышибать; давать расчет; отказывать от места; прогонять; рассчитывать; увольнять
    2. укорачивать (глаг.) укорачивать
    Антонимический ряд:

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > сокращать

  • 93 Chronology

      15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.
      400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.
      202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.
      137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.
      410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.
      714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.
      1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.
      1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.
      1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.
      1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.
      1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).
      1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.
      1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.
      1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.
      1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.
      1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.
      1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.
      1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.
      1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.
      1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.
      1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.
      1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.
      1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.
      1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.
      1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.
      1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.
      1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.
      1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).
      1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.
      1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.
      1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.
      1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.
       King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.
       King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.
      1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.
      1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.
      1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.
       Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.
       Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.
       Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.
      1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.
      1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.
      1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.
      1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.
      1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.
      1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.
      1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.
      1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.
      1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.
      1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.
      1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.
      1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.
      1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.
      1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.
      1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.
      1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.
      1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.
      1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.
      1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.
      1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.
      1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.
      1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.
      1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.
      1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.
      1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.
       Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.
       King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.
      1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence of
       Brazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.
       Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.
       King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.
      1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.
      1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.
      1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.
      1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.
      1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.
      1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.
       January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.
       Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.
      1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.
      1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.
      1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.
      1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.
      1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.
       May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.
       March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.
       Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.
      1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.
      1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January
      1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.
      1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."
       28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.
       February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.
       April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.
      1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.
      1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."
      1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.
       6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.
       8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.
      1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.
      1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.
      1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
       January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.
      1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.
      1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.
      1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.
       March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.
       March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.
      1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July
      1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.
      1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).
      1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.
      1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.
       January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.
       January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.
       November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.
       October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.
       January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.
       May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.
       October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.
       January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).
       United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.
       January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.
       1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
       May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.
       June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.
       February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.
       January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.
       July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.
      2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Chronology

  • 94 Revolution of 25 april 1974

       Refers to the events that began in the early morning hours of 25 April 1974, when the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) began military operations against the Estado Novo in the Lisbon area. Signals for action included the playing of two songs on a popular radio station's (Rádio Renascença) midnight program broadcast. The songs were Depois do Adeus and Grândola, Vila Morena. The latter song, sung on the record made by composer-singer José Afonso, had been banned by government censorship and was usually played only clandestinely. The military coup proceeded during the period from midnight to about 4:30 p.m. on the afternoon of 25 April, a rainy day, and met relatively little resistance from the Estado Novo's few remaining staunch defenders.
       Most of the drama was played out in the streets of Lisbon as MFA tanks, armored cars, and troops took positions and demanded the surrender of neutral or loyal forces. After Prime Minister Marcello Caetano had taken refuge in the Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR) Carmo barracks, traditionally a place of sanctuary for government incumbents in previous military coup attempts, Caetano surrendered to the insurgent military forces. He was later flown to exile in Madeira, with President Américo Tómas, and then to Brazil. This date marks the end of the Estado Novo and the beginning of democratic Portugal. The 25th of April is an official national holiday.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Revolution of 25 april 1974

  • 95 память


    memory, storage (sto)
    - арк (автоматического радиокомпаса) — adf storage (adf sto)
    -, быстрая (оперативная) — random-access memory (ram)
    -, внешняя (кодируемая намагничиванием) — storage
    -, внутренняя (непосредственно связанная с процессором, кодируется электрическим сигналом) — memory, internal storage
    - данных — data storage /store/
    -, долговременная (эвм) — permanent data storage /memory, store/
    - доплеровского измерителя — doppler memory
    -, доплеровская — doppler memory
    -, магнитная (внешняя) — magnetic storage
    -, медленная (внешняя) — storage
    -, оперативная (эвм) — random-access memory (ram), working memory /storage/
    к данной памяти процессор обращается постоянно в ходе выполнения своих операций, — in computer memory (internal), а portion reserved by the program for the data upon which the operations are being performed.
    - постоянная (эвм) — read-only memory (rom), permanent memory /storage/ rom output data is transferred to the memory bus.

    Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > память

  • 96 lean production

    Ops
    a methodology aimed at reducing waste in the form of overproduction, excessive lead time, or product defects in order to make a business more effective and more competitive. Lean production originates in the production systems established by Toyota in Japan in the 1950s.
         In the early 1980s there was a significant increase in the application of lean production in Western companies. Lean production is characterized by lean operations with low inventories, quality management through prevention of errors, small batch runs, just-in-time production, high commitment human resource policies, team-based working, and close relations with suppliers. The term was popularized by researchers on the International Motor Vehicle Program of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in their book The Machine That Changed the World. Concepts that can help an organization move toward lean production include continuous improvement and world class manufacturing.

    The ultimate business dictionary > lean production

  • 97 systems design

    Gen Mgt
    the creation of a computer program to meet predetermined functional, operational, and personnel specifications. The systems design process involves the use of systems analysis and flowcharting of organizational functions and operations. It can be split into four stages: definition of the system’s goals; preparation of a conceptual model of how these goals will be achieved; development of a physical design; and preparation of a system specification.

    The ultimate business dictionary > systems design

  • 98 годность

    годность сущ
    suitability
    (к эксплуатации) влиять на летную годность
    affect airworthiness
    вопросы летной годности
    airworthiness matters
    годность к полетам
    flight fitness
    годность по состоянию здоровья
    medical fitness
    годность по уровню шума
    noiseworthiness
    доводить до уровня годности к полетам
    render airworthy
    затрагивать вопросы летной годности
    involve matters on airworthiness
    инспектор по летной годности
    airworthiness inspector
    летная годность
    1. airworthiness
    2. charterworthiness международное сотрудничество по вопросам летной годности
    international collaboration in airworthiness
    международные нормы летной годности
    international airworthiness
    нормы летной годности
    1. airworthiness codes
    2. airworthiness requirements 3. airworthiness standards ограничения по летной годности
    airworthiness limitations
    орган контроля летной годности
    airworthiness authority
    подвергать сомнению соответствие характеристик нормам летной годности
    reflect on airworthiness
    поддерживать летную годность
    continue airworthiness
    приводить воздушное судно в состояние летной годности
    return an aircraft to flyable status
    проверка летной годности
    airworthiness calibration
    программа обеспечения летной годности
    airworthiness program
    продление срока годности билета
    extension of ticket validity
    Секция полетов и летной годности
    operations-airworthiness Section
    (ИКАО) сертификат летной годности
    airworthiness certificate
    система контроля за летной годностью
    airworthiness control system
    соглашение по вопросам летной годности
    arrangement for airworthiness
    соответствие нормам летной годности
    compliance with airworthiness standards
    соответствовать нормам летной годности
    comply with airworthiness standards
    состояние годности к полетам
    flyable status
    состояние годности к эксплуатации
    operational status
    срок годности при хранении на складе
    shelf life
    удовлетворять нормам летной годности
    meet the airworthiness standards
    уровень летной годности
    level of airworthiness
    эксперт по летной годности
    airworthiness expert

    Русско-английский авиационный словарь > годность

  • 99 летный

    аэродром летного училища
    flying-school airfield
    влиять на летную годность
    affect airworthiness
    влиять на летные характеристики
    effect on flight characteristics
    вопросы летной годности
    airworthiness matters
    граница летного поля
    airflied boundary
    дополнительный летный экипаж
    supernumerary flight crew
    затрагивать вопросы летной годности
    involve matters on airworthiness
    измерение шума в процессе летных испытаний
    flight test noise measurement
    инспектор по летной годности
    airworthiness inspector
    инструктаж летного состава
    pilots briefing
    информация о летном составе
    flight personnel information
    категорирование летного состава
    aeronautical rating
    комплексная летная подготовка
    synthetic training
    летная годность
    1. charterworthiness
    2. airworthiness летная инспекция
    flight inspection personnel
    летная квалификация
    1. piloting capacity
    2. piloting skill летная книжка
    flight book
    летная книжка пилота
    pilot's log book
    летная подготовка
    1. flight training
    2. flight instruction летная подготовка в условиях, приближенных к реальным
    line oriental flight training
    летная полоса
    runway strip
    (включает ВПП, концевые и боковые полосы безопасности) летная полоса аэродрома
    aerodrome strip
    летная полоса, оборудованная для полетов по приборам
    instrument strip
    летная проверка
    flight review
    летная характеристика
    1. flight performance
    2. flying property летное испытание
    flight test
    летное качество
    flying quality
    летное поле
    airfield
    летное поле аэроклуба
    aeroclub airfield
    летное свидетельство
    flight certificate
    летное училище
    flying school
    летные данные
    flight data
    летные защитные очки
    flying goggles
    летные нормы
    flight standards
    летные характеристики
    flight characteristics
    Летный отдел
    flight Branch
    летный состав
    1. flight personnel
    2. flying personnel 3. operating personnel летный час
    1. airborne hour
    2. flight hour летный экипаж
    flight crew
    маневр на летном поле
    airfield manoeuvre
    международное сотрудничество по вопросам летной годности
    international collaboration in airworthiness
    международные нормы летной годности
    international airworthiness
    методика летной подготовки
    flight training procedure
    методика летных испытаний
    1. flight test procedure
    2. flight test technique недостаток летной подготовки
    flight training deficiency
    непригодность к летной эксплуатации
    air unworthiness
    нормы летной годности
    1. airworthiness requirements
    2. airworthiness standards 3. airworthiness codes ограничения по летной годности
    airworthiness limitations
    опыт летной работы
    1. flying experience
    2. flying proficiency орган контроля летной годности
    airworthiness authority
    ориентир летного поля
    field marker
    оценка летных характеристик
    performance evaluation
    подвергать сомнению соответствие характеристик нормам летной годности
    reflect on airworthiness
    поддерживать летную годность
    continue airworthiness
    полет для проверки летных характеристик
    performance flight
    посадка вне летного поля
    off-field landing
    превышение летной полосы
    elevation of the strip
    предоставление летных экипажей
    flight crews provision
    приводить воздушное судно в состояние летной годности
    return an aircraft to flyable status
    проверка летной годности
    airworthiness calibration
    проводить летные испытания
    undergo flight tests
    программа обеспечения летной годности
    airworthiness program
    регистратор летных испытаний
    flight test recorder
    сбалансированная длина летного поля
    balanced field length
    Секция полетов и летной годности
    operations-airworthiness Section
    (ИКАО) сертификат летной годности
    airworthiness certificate
    система контроля за летной годностью
    airworthiness control system
    система светосигнального оборудования летного поля
    airfield lighting system
    соглашение по вопросам летной годности
    arrangement for airworthiness
    соответствие нормам летной годности
    compliance with airworthiness standards
    соответствовать нормам летной годности
    comply with airworthiness standards
    срок действия летного свидетельства
    pilot licence validity
    схема летного поля
    runway strip pattern
    удовлетворять нормам летной годности
    meet the airworthiness standards
    указатель летной полосы аэродрома
    aerodrome strip marker
    укороченное летное поле
    short airfield
    уровень летной годности
    level of airworthiness
    уровень летной подготовки
    pilot experience level
    характеристики короткого летного поля
    short-field performances
    центр летной подготовки
    1. aircrew training center
    2. flying training center член летного экипажа
    1. airman
    2. flight crew member школа основной летной подготовки
    basic flying school
    школа повышения летной подготовки
    advanced flying school
    экзамен по летной подготовке
    flight examination
    эксперт по летной годности
    airworthiness expert

    Русско-английский авиационный словарь > летный

  • 100 обслуживание

    аэродромное обслуживание
    aerodrome service
    (диспетчерское) аэронавигационное диспетчерское обслуживание
    aeronautical information control
    аэронавигационное обслуживание
    air navigation service
    база для обслуживания полетов
    air base
    база оперативного технического обслуживания
    line maintenance base
    бесплатное обслуживание
    free service
    бригада аэродромного обслуживания
    ramp crew
    бригада наземного обслуживания
    1. ground crew
    2. air base group бригада технического обслуживания
    maintenance crew
    бригада технического обслуживания воздушных судов
    aircraft maintenance team
    внерегламентное обслуживание
    incidental service
    воздушное судно для обслуживания местных авиалиний
    feederliner
    время, необходимое на полное обслуживание и загрузку
    ground turn-around time
    время простоя на техническим обслуживании
    maintenance ground time
    выполнение профилактического обслуживания
    upkeep
    выставка технического оборудования для обслуживания воздушных судов
    aircraft maintenance engineering exhibition
    гидросистема для обслуживания вспомогательных устройств
    utility hydraulic system
    государство, предоставляющее обслуживание
    provider state
    диспетчерское обслуживание воздушного пространства
    air control
    зона обслуживания
    service area
    зона радиолокационного обслуживания
    radar service area
    зона технического обслуживания
    maintenance area
    инженер по техническому обслуживанию воздушных судов
    aircraft maintenance engineer
    инструкция по техническому обслуживанию
    maintenance instruction
    информационное обслуживание авиационных маршрутов
    aeronautical en-route information service
    карта - наряд на выполнение регламентного технического обслуживания
    scheduled maintenance record
    карта - наряд на выполнение технического обслуживания
    maintenance release
    карта - наряд на техническое обслуживание
    maintenance record
    категория обслуживания
    grade of service
    консультативное обслуживание
    advisory service
    (полетов) консультативное обслуживание верхнего воздушного пространства
    upper advisory service
    консультативное обслуживание воздушного движения
    traffic advisory service
    контракт на обслуживание в аэропорту
    airport handling contract
    контроль за выполнением технического обслуживания
    maintenance supervision
    Конференция по вопросам обслуживания пассажиров
    Passenger Services Conference
    маршрут консультативного обслуживания
    advisory route
    машина для обслуживания кухни
    1. galley service truck
    2. catering truck место на крыле для выполнения технического обслуживания
    overwing walkway
    метод технического обслуживания
    maintenance method
    наземное оборудование для обслуживания
    ground service equipment
    наземное обслуживание
    1. ground handling
    2. ground servicing наземное обслуживание рейсов
    ground handling operation
    наземные средства обслуживания
    ground handling facilities
    не обеспечивать диспетчерское обслуживание
    fail to maintain control
    обеспечивать диспетчерское обслуживание
    maintain control
    обеспечивать обслуживание
    provide service
    оборудование для обслуживания воздушного судна
    aircraft servicing equipment
    оборудование для обслуживания грузов
    cargo-handling equipment
    оборудование для обслуживания пассажиров
    passenger-handling equipment
    оборудование для технического обслуживания
    maintenance facilities
    обслуживание воздушного судна
    aircraft servicing
    обслуживание в процессе стоянки
    standing operation
    обслуживание пассажиров
    care of passengers
    обслуживание пассажиров в городском аэровокзале
    city-terminal coach service
    обслуживание по смешанному классу
    mixed service
    обслуживание по туристическому классу
    1. no frills service
    2. economy class service 3. coach service объединение для технического обслуживания
    technical pool
    оперативная форма технического обслуживания
    fine maintenance check
    оперативное полетно-информационное обслуживание
    operational flight information service
    Отдел обслуживания проектов на местах
    Field Services Branch
    отдел перонного обслуживания
    apron handling agency
    панель обслуживания
    service center
    передвижная станция технического обслуживания
    mobile ship station
    периодическая форма технического обслуживания
    periodic maintenance check
    посадка для выполнения обслуживания
    operating stop
    (воздушного судна) Правила аэронавигационного обслуживания
    Procedures for Air Navigation Services
    правила обслуживания воздушного движения
    air traffic services procedures
    предполетное информационное обслуживание
    preflight information service
    прекращать диспетчерское обслуживание
    terminate the control
    прекращение диспетчерского обслуживания
    termination of control
    приспособление для обслуживания стабилизатора
    stabilizer servicing device
    продолжительность обслуживания
    servicing time
    продолжительность обслуживания воздушного судна
    aircraft service period
    прямые расходы на техническое обслуживание
    direct maintenance costs
    пункт обслуживания воздушного движения
    air traffic services unit
    работы по техническому обслуживанию
    maintenance operations
    радиовещательное обслуживание авиационного движения
    aeronautical broadcasting service
    радиолокационное обслуживание
    radar service
    расходы на оперативное обслуживание
    operational expenses
    расходы на техническое обслуживание
    maintenance costs
    реактивное воздушное судно для обслуживания местных авиалиний
    feederjet
    регламент технического обслуживания
    1. maintenance schedule
    2. maintenance program рейс с обслуживанием по первому классу
    first-class flight
    сбор за аэронавигационное обслуживание на трассе полета
    en-route facility charge
    сбор за наземное обслуживание
    ground handling charge
    сбор за обслуживание
    1. charge for service
    2. handling fee 3. service charge Сектор общего обслуживания
    General Services Unit
    совместное обслуживание
    pooled service
    спутниковое радиовещательное обслуживание
    broadcasting-satellite service
    стационарная установка для обслуживания воздушного судна
    aircraft servicing installation
    стремянка для технического обслуживания
    maintenance stand
    схема обслуживания воздушного движения
    air traffic service chart
    тариф за полное обслуживание
    inclusive fare
    телеграфное обслуживание с дистанционным управлением
    remote keying service
    техническое обслуживание
    1. maintenance service
    2. maintenance work 3. servicing 4. maintenance A технология технического обслуживания воздушного судна
    aircraft maintenance practice
    транспортные средства для обслуживания воздушного судна
    aircraft service truck's
    унифицированная складирующаяся стремянка для обслуживания
    unified folding maintenance platform
    уровень технического обслуживания
    maintenance competency
    установка на место обслуживания
    docking manoeuvre
    установленный порядок обслуживания
    routine servicing
    цех технического обслуживания
    maintenance shop
    цех технического обслуживания воздушных судов
    aircraft maintenance division
    эксперт по обслуживанию воздушного движения
    air traffic services expert
    эксперт по техническому обслуживанию
    maintenance expert

    Русско-английский авиационный словарь > обслуживание

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

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