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21 déclin
déclin [deklɛ̃]masculine noun[d'activité économique] decline (de in ) ; [de parti] decline (de of ) ; [de malade, santé, vue] deterioration ; [de talent, forces, beauté, sentiment] fading* * *deklɛ̃nom masculin gén decline; (de sentiment, passion) waningêtre en or sur le déclin — [civilisation, industrie] to be in decline; [popularité, prestige] to be waning
être sur le or son déclin — [homme d'État] to be on the way out
* * *deklɛ̃ nmen déclin (marché, secteur, espèce, économie, population) — in decline
en fort déclin (population, espèce) — in sharp decline
en net déclin (marché, économie) — in marked decline
* * *déclin nm gén decline; (de sentiment, passion) waning (de of); déclin d'une région/civilisation decline of a region/civilisation; déclin de leur prestige/de la demande/du marché decline in their prestige/in demand/in the market; popularité/productivité en déclin declining popularity/productivity; être en or sur le déclin [civilisation, industrie] to be in decline; [talent, intelligence] to be on the wane; [popularité, prestige] to be waning; être sur le or son déclin [homme d'État] to be on the way out; le soleil est à son déclin the sun is going down; au déclin du jour liter at the close of day; au déclin de la vie liter in the twilight of life littér; la lune est à son déclin the moon is on the wane.[deklɛ̃] nom masculin2. (littéraire) [fin] closele déclin du jour nightfall, dusk————————en déclin locution adjectivalesur le déclin locution adjectivale[malade] declining -
22 peak
1. noun1) (of cap) Schirm, der3) (highest point) Höhepunkt, der2. attributive adjectivebe at/be past its peak — den Höhepunkt erreicht haben/den Höhepunkt überschritten haben
Höchst-, Spitzen[preise, -werte]3. intransitive verbpeak listening/viewing period — Hauptsendezeit, die
* * *[pi:k] 1. noun1) (the pointed top of a mountain or hill: snow-covered peaks.) die Berspitze2) (the highest, greatest, busiest etc point, time etc: He was at the peak of his career.) der Gipfel3) (the front part of a cap which shades the eyes: The boy wore a cap with a peak.) der Schirm2. verb(to reach the highest, greatest, busiest etc point, time etc: Prices peaked in July and then began to fall.) den Höhepunkt erreichen- academic.ru/54160/peaked">peaked- peaky* * *[pi:k]I. n2. FOODbeat the egg whites until they are stiff enough to form firm \peaks das Eiweiß steif schlagen, bis ein Messerschnitt sichtbar bleibtto be at the \peak of one's career sich akk auf dem Höhepunkt seiner Karriere befindento be at the very \peak of one's fitness in Topform seinII. vi career, economy den Höhepunkt erreichen; athletes [seine] Höchstleistung erbringen; skill zur Perfektion gelangen; figures, rates, production den Höchststand erreichenhis fever \peaked to 41°C during the night über Nacht stieg sein Fieber auf 41°C an1. (busiest) Haupt-\peak rush hour Hauptverkehrszeit f\peak viewing time Hauptsendezeit f\peak productivity maximale Produktivität\peak speed Höchstgeschwindigkeit f* * *[piːk]1. n2) (of cap) Schirm mhe is at the peak of fitness — er ist in Höchstform or Topform (inf)
when his career was at its peak — als er auf dem Höhepunkt seiner Karriere war
when demand is at its peak — wenn die Nachfrage ihren Höhepunkt erreicht hat or am stärksten ist
2. adj attrpower, position höchste(r, s)a peak year for new car sales — ein Rekordjahr nt für den Neuwagenabsatz
in peak condition (athlete) — in Höchstform
3. viden Höchststand erreichen; (athlete = reach one's best) seine Spitzenform erreicheninflation peaked at 9% — die Inflationsrate erreichte ihren Höchstwert bei 9%
* * *peak1 [piːk]A s1. Spitze f2. a) Bergspitze fb) Horn n, spitzer Berg3. fig Gipfel m, Höhepunkt m:at the peak of happiness auf dem Gipfel des Glücks;a) eine Blüte erleben,b) in sein;bring a team to its peak SPORT eine Mannschaft in Höchstform bringen4. MATH, PHYS Höchst-, Scheitelwert m, Scheitel(punkt) m5. (Leistungs- etc) Spitze f, Höchststand m:peak of oscillation Schwingungsmaximum n;reach the peak TECH den Höchststand erreichen6. Hauptbelastung f, Stoßzeit f (eines Elektrizitäts-, Gas- oder Verkehrsnetzes)7. WIRTSCH Maximal-, Höchstpreis mB adj Spitzen…, Maximal…, Höchst…, Haupt…:peak factor Scheitelfaktor m;peak season Hochsaison f;a) Br Hochkonjunktur f,b) Br Stoßzeit f, Hauptverkehrszeit f,c) ELEK Br Hauptbelastungszeit f,d)( RADIO, TV) bes Br Hauptsendezeit f;peak value Scheitelwert mC v/i1. den Höchststand erreichen2. den Höhepunkt seiner Laufbahn erreichenpeak2 [piːk] v/ia) abmagernb) kränkelnpk abk1. pack2. park3. peak* * *1. noun1) (of cap) Schirm, der3) (highest point) Höhepunkt, der2. attributive adjectivebe at/be past its peak — den Höhepunkt erreicht haben/den Höhepunkt überschritten haben
Höchst-, Spitzen[preise, -werte]3. intransitive verbpeak listening/viewing period — Hauptsendezeit, die
* * *n.Höchstwert m.Kulmination f.Spitze -n f. -
23 peak
[pi:k] n2) foodbeat the egg whites until they are stiff enough to form firm \peaks das Eiweiß steif schlagen, bis ein Messerschnitt sichtbar bleibtto be at the \peak of one's career sich akk auf dem Höhepunkt seiner Karriere befinden;to be at the very \peak of one's fitness in Topform sein;4) ( Brit) ( hat part) Hutkrempe f vi career den Höhepunkt erreichen; athletes [seine] Höchstleistung erbringen; skill zur Perfektion gelangen; figures, rates, production den Höchststand erreichen;his fever \peaked to 41ºC during the night über Nacht stieg sein Fieber auf 41ºC an n1) ( busiest) Haupt-;\peak rush hour Hauptverkehrszeit f;\peak viewing time Hauptsendezeit f2) (best, highest) Spitzen-;\peak productivity maximale Produktivität;\peak speed Höchstgeschwindigkeit f -
24 показатель показател·ь
1) (необходимости чего-л.) indication, sign; (указатель чего-л.) indicator, indexпоказатели развития экономики страны — indices / indicators of national economic development
2) эк. index; (коэффициент) rate; (признак) indicatorсводные / укрупнённые показатели — aggregates
интегрированная система общенациональных экономических показателей — integrated national economic accounts
показатель общественного / социально-экономического развития — social indicator
Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > показатель показател·ь
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25 target
1 noun∎ the target of criticism/jokes la cible de critiques/plaisanteries;∎ she was an easy target for political cartoonists elle était une cible facile pour les caricaturistes politiques;∎ to be on target (missile) suivre la trajectoire prévue; (plans) se dérouler comme prévu; (productivity) atteindre les objectifs prévus;∎ to meet production/sales targets atteindre les objectifs de production/de vente;∎ Military & figurative moving target cible f mobile(c) (in surveying) mire f(date, amount) prévu;∎ my target weight is 10 stone je me suis fixé le poids idéal de 63 kg, mon poids idéal est (de) 63 kg(b) (aim → missile) diriger; (of funds, resources, benefits) viser, être destiné à; (of advertisement, advertising campaign) viser;∎ the benefits are targeted at one-parent families les allocations visent les ou sont destinées aux familles monoparentales;∎ the programme is targeted at 18-to-25-year-olds l'émission s'adresse aux 18 à 25 ans ou vise les jeunes de 18 à 25 ans►► Military target area zone f cible;Marketing target audience audience f cible;Marketing target buyer acheteur(euse) m,f cible;Marketing target consumer consommateur(trice) m,f cible;Marketing target cost coût m ciblé;Computing target drive unité f de destination;target figures chiffres mpl prévus;Computing target file fichier m de destination;Marketing target group groupe m cible;target language langue f cible, langue f d'arrivée;Marketing target market marché m cible;Marketing target marketing marketing m ciblé;Marketing target population population f cible;Military target practice (UNCOUNT) exercices mpl de tir;Marketing target price prix m d'équilibre;Marketing target pricing fixation f du prix en fonction de l'objectif;target readership lectorat m cible;target setting arrêt m des objectifs -
26 scientific management
Gen Mgt, HRan analytical approach to managing activities by optimizing efficiency and productivity through measurement and control. Scientific management theories, attributed to Frederick Winslow Taylor, dominated the 20th century, and many management techniques such as benchmarking, total quality management, and business process reengineering result from a scientific management approach. Other figures such as Henry Gantt and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were firmly in the scientific school and furthered its influence, particularly through the time and motion study. Such was the dominance of Taylor’s influence that scientific management is also known as Taylorism. The main criticism of Taylorism is that it degenerated into an inhumane and mechanistic approach to working, treating people like machines.
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