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81 ASIP
(application-specific instruction-set processor) проблемно-ориентированный процессор, заказной микропроцессор, заказная микросхемаобычно небольшое программируемое процессорное ядро на кристалле ( SoC), предназначенное для выполнения конкретной важной задачи (приложения) или класса приложений, например для декодирования видео или аудио. Цель создания ASIP - снижение стоимости, размеров, энергопотребления и повышение производительности по сравнению с обычными ЦП. Такие решения значительно повышают безопасность приложения (application security). Широко применяются в телекоммуникации и бытовой электроникеАнгло-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > ASIP
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82 DSP
1) см. digital signal processor2) см. digital signal processing3) Digital Sound Program - программа цифровой записи и воспроизведения звука4) domain specific part - специфичная часть доменачасть АТМ-адреса; содержит идентификаторы зоны и станции, а также селекторный байт (selector byte)Англо-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > DSP
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83 MSP
I = mission-specific processing
II
1) Multimedia Signal Processor - процессор цифровой обработки мультимедийных сигналов, МЦОСспециализированный мультимедиа-процессор для встраиваемых систем (фирмы Samsung Semiconductor). Соответствует архитектуре Talisman корпорации Microsoft2) Management Service Provider - провайдер ИТ-менеджментапровайдер, специализирующиеся на удалённом управлении корпоративными ИТ-системами3) Managed Service Provider - провайдер управляемых сервисовкомпания, предоставляющая клиентам сетевые сервисы, приложения и оборудование и управляющая ими: обычно это IP-телефония, центры обработки телефонных звонков и сообщений, виртуальные частные сети, мониторинг серверов и др
III
Англо-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > MSP
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84 ASPP
(application-specific programmable processor) проблемно-ориентированный программируемый процессорсм. тж. ASIPАнгло-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > ASPP
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85 ISP
ISP, impulse, specificудельный импульс [тяга]————————ISP, independent studies project————————ISP, industrial security plan————————ISP, industrial security program————————ISP, infrared spectrophotometer————————ISP, integrated support plan————————ISP, intercept system processor————————ISP, internal security planEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > ISP
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86 Computer Metaphors
Within the AI community there is a growing dissatisfaction concerning the adequacy of sequential models to simulate the cognitive processes....For an example of the dissimilarity between computers and nervous systems, consider that in conventional computers... each piece of data [is] located in its own special space in the memory bank [and] can be retrieved only by a central processor that knows the address in the memory bank for each datum. Human memory appears to be organized along entirely different lines. For one thing, from a partial or a degraded stimulus human memory can "reconstruct" the rest, and there are associative relationships among stored pieces of information based on considerations of context rather than on considerations of location.... t now appears doubtful that individual neurons are so specific that they are tuned to respond to a single item and nothing else. Thus, connectionist models tend to devise and use distributed principles, which means that elements may be selective to a range of stimuli and there are no "grandmother cells."...Information storage, it appears, is in some ill-defined sense a function of connectivity among sets of neurons. This implies that there is something fundamentally wrong in understanding the brain's memory on the model of individual symbols stored at unique addresses in a data bank....A further source of misgivings about the computer metaphor concerns real-time constraints. Although the signal velocities in nervous systems are quite slow in comparison to those in computers, brains are nonetheless far, far faster than electronic devices in the execution of their complex tasks. For example, human brains are incomparably faster than any computer in word-nonword recognition tasks. (P. S. Churchland, 1986, pp. 458-459)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Computer Metaphors
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87 Neural Network
1. A neural network is composed of a number of very simple processing elements [("neurodes")] that communicate through a rich set of interconnections with variable weights or strengths.2. Memories are stored or represented in a neural network in the pattern of variable interconnection weights among the neurodes. Information is processed by a spreading, constantly changing pattern of activity distributed across many neurodes.3. A neural network is taught or trained rather than programmed. It is even possible to construct systems capable of independent or autonomous learning....4. Instead of having a separate memory and controller, plus a stored external program that dictates the operation of the system as in a digital computer, the operation of a neural network is implicitly controlled by three properties: the transfer function of the neurodes, the details of the structure of the connections among the neurodes, and the learning law the system follows.5. A neural network naturally acts as an associative memory. That is, it inherently associated items it is taught, physically grouping similar items together in its structure. A neural network operated as a memory is content addressable; it can retrieve stored information from incomplete, noisy, or partially incorrect input cues.6. A neural network is able to generalize; it can learn the characteristics of a general category of objects based on a series of specific examples from that category.7. A neural network keeps working even after a significant fraction of its neurodes and interconnections have become defective.8. A neural network innately acts as a processor for time-dependent spatial patterns, or spatiotemporal patterns. (Caudill & Butler, 1990, pp. 7-8)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Neural Network
См. также в других словарях:
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