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61 обработка по приоритет
изч.priority processingБългарски-Angleščina политехнически речник > обработка по приоритет
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62 отрасль отрасл·ь
branch, fieldотрасль знаний — branch / field of knowledge
отрасли, производящие предметы народного потребления — consumer goods industries
ключевые / главные отрасли промышленности — key industries, key branches of industry
национализированные отрасли промышленности — nationalized industries / branches of industry
отрасль экономики — branch / sector of economy
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63 изучение трудовых движений
(Первыми этот термин использовали Фрэнк и Лилиан Гилберт.) motion studyИспользуется как средство совершенствования методов работы путем разбиения различных операций рабочего задания на измеримые элементы. Затем эти элементы анализируются раздельно и по отношению друг к другу с целью создания основы для построения методов наименьших потерь. — It is used as a means of improving the methods of work by subdividing the different operations of a job into measurable elements. These elements are then analyzed separately and in relation to one another to afford the basis for building methods of least waste.
изучение учебного материала, глубокое — deep learning
Сосредоточение внимания на 'основном смысле', т.е. стимулирование глубокого изучения учебного материала, вероятно, может быть вызвано 'обеспечением требования в методиках оценки осуществлять проработку учебного материала на глубоком уровне'. — Focusing the attention on 'the underlying meaning', i.e. promoting deep learning, can be probably be brought about 'by ensuring that the assessment procedures demand deep-level processing'.
изучение учебного материала, поверхностное — surface learning
Поверхностное изучение учебного материала, по существу, ставит под угрозу педагогические результаты дистанционной учебной работы, так как оно приводит к отдаче предпочтения внешним характеристикам рассматриваемого текста, а не его содержанию, и примерам, а не общезначимым принципам. — Surface learning basically endangers the educational outcomes of distance study, as it leads to priority being given to the external characteristics of the text concerned rather than to its contents, to examples rather than to principles of general relevance.
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > изучение трудовых движений
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64 магнитофонная кассета
1. tape cassette2. tape reelРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > магнитофонная кассета
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65 Kilby, Jack St Clair
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 8 November 1923 Jefferson City, Missouri, USA[br]American engineer who filed the first patents for micro-electronic (integrated) circuits.[br]Kilby spent most of his childhood in Great Bend, Kansas, where he often accompanied his father, an electrical power engineer, on his maintenance rounds. Working in the blizzard of 1937, his father borrowed a "ham" radio, and this fired Jack to study for his amateur licence (W9GTY) and to construct his own equipment while still a student at Great Bend High School. In 1941 he entered the University of Illinois, but four months later, after the attack on Pearl Harbor, he was enlisted in the US Army and found himself working in a radio repair workshop in India. When the war ended he returned to his studies, obtaining his BSEE from Illinois in 1947 and his MSEE from the University of Wisconsin. He then joined Centralab, a small electronics firm in Milwaukee owned by Globe-Union. There he filed twelve patents, including some for reduced titanate capacitors and for Steatite-packing of transistors, and developed a transistorized hearing-aid. During this period he also attended a course on transistors at Bell Laboratories. In May 1958, concerned to gain experience in the field of number processing, he joined Texas Instruments in Dallas. Shortly afterwards, while working alone during the factory vacation, he conceived the idea of making monolithic, or integrated, circuits by diffusing impurities into a silicon substrate to create P-N junctions. Within less than a month he had produced a complete oscillator on a chip to prove that the technology was feasible, and the following year at the 1ERE Show he demonstrated a germanium integrated-circuit flip-flop. Initially he was granted a patent for the idea, but eventually, after protracted litigation, priority was awarded to Robert Noyce of Fairchild. In 1965 he was commissioned by Patrick Haggerty, the Chief Executive of Texas Instruments, to make a pocket calculator based on integrated circuits, and on 14 April 1971 the world's first such device, the Pocketronic, was launched onto the market. Costing $150 (and weighing some 2½ lb or 1.1 kg), it was an instant success and in 1972 some 5 million calculators were sold worldwide. He left Texas Instruments in November 1970 to become an independent consultant and inventor, working on, amongst other things, methods of deriving electricity from sunlight.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFranklin Institute Stuart Ballantine Medal 1966. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers David Sarnoff Award 1966; Cledo Brunetti Award (jointly with Noyce) 1978; Medal of Honour 1986. National Academy of Engineering 1967. National Science Medal 1969. National Inventors Hall of Fame 1982. Honorary DEng Miami 1982, Rochester 1986. Honorary DSc Wisconsin 1988. Distinguished Professor, Texas A \& M University.Bibliography6 February 1959, US patent no. 3,138,743 (the first integrated circuit (IC); initially granted June 1964).US patent no. 3,819,921 (the Pocketronic calculator).Further ReadingT.R.Reid, 1984, Microchip. The Story of a Revolution and the Men Who Made It, London: Pan Books (for the background to the development of the integrated circuit). H.Queisser, 1988, Conquest of the Microchip, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.KF -
66 Noyce, Robert
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 12 December 1927 Burlington, Iowa, USA[br]American engineer responsible for the development of integrated circuits and the microprocessor chip.[br]Noyce was the son of a Congregational minister whose family, after a number of moves, finally settled in Grinnell, some 50 miles (80 km) east of Des Moines, Iowa. Encouraged to follow his interest in science, in his teens he worked as a baby-sitter and mower of lawns to earn money for his hobby. One of his clients was Professor of Physics at Grinnell College, where Noyce enrolled to study mathematics and physics and eventually gained a top-grade BA. It was while there that he learned of the invention of the transistor by the team at Bell Laboratories, which included John Bardeen, a former fellow student of his professor. After taking a PhD in physical electronics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1953, he joined the Philco Corporation in Philadelphia to work on the development of transistors. Then in January 1956 he accepted an invitation from William Shockley, another of the Bell transistor team, to join the newly formed Shockley Transistor Company, the first electronic firm to set up shop in Palo Alto, California, in what later became known as "Silicon Valley".From the start things at the company did not go well and eventually Noyce and Gordon Moore and six colleagues decided to offer themselves as a complete development team; with the aid of the Fairchild Camera and Instrument Company, the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation was born. It was there that in 1958, contemporaneously with Jack K. Wilby at Texas Instruments, Noyce had the idea for monolithic integration of transistor circuits. Eventually, after extended patent litigation involving study of laboratory notebooks and careful examination of the original claims, priority was assigned to Noyce. The invention was most timely. The Apollo Moon-landing programme announced by President Kennedy in May 1961 called for lightweight sophisticated navigation and control computer systems, which could only be met by the rapid development of the new technology, and Fairchild was well placed to deliver the micrologic chips required by NASA.In 1968 the founders sold Fairchild Semicon-ductors to the parent company. Noyce and Moore promptly found new backers and set up the Intel Corporation, primarily to make high-density memory chips. The first product was a 1,024-bit random access memory (1 K RAM) and by 1973 sales had reached $60 million. However, Noyce and Moore had already realized that it was possible to make a complete microcomputer by putting all the logic needed to go with the memory chip(s) on a single integrated circuit (1C) chip in the form of a general purpose central processing unit (CPU). By 1971 they had produced the Intel 4004 microprocessor, which sold for US$200, and within a year the 8008 followed. The personal computer (PC) revolution had begun! Noyce eventually left Intel, but he remained active in microchip technology and subsequently founded Sematech Inc.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFranklin Institute Stuart Ballantine Medal 1966. National Academy of Engineering 1969. National Academy of Science. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medal of Honour 1978; Cledo Brunetti Award (jointly with Kilby) 1978. Institution of Electrical Engineers Faraday Medal 1979. National Medal of Science 1979. National Medal of Engineering 1987.Bibliography1955, "Base-widening punch-through", Proceedings of the American Physical Society.30 July 1959, US patent no. 2,981,877.Further ReadingT.R.Reid, 1985, Microchip: The Story of a Revolution and the Men Who Made It, London: Pan Books.KF -
67 Vorrangverarbeitung
fpriority processing -
68 кассета
1. cartridge2. cassetteРусско-английский словарь по информационным технологиям > кассета
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69 обработка вызовов
Русско-английский словарь по информационным технологиям > обработка вызовов
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70 обработка сигнала ошибки
умышленная ошибка; преднамеренная ошибка — intentional error
с исправлением ошибок; исправление ошибок — error correcting
Русско-английский словарь по информационным технологиям > обработка сигнала ошибки
См. также в других словарях:
Processing priority code — An ISO term. A code that specifies the requested processing priority. 3an … International financial encyclopaedia
Processing priority — An ISO term. The level of urgency requested by the sender for the processing of the message by the receiver … International financial encyclopaedia
Priority call — A priority call is a telephone call that has been assigned some enhanced level of priority for processing by a telecommunications network such that it may be expected to achieve precedence over other traffic. In any given network, several levels… … Wikipedia
priority processing — noun data processing in which the operations performed are determined by a system of priorities • Hypernyms: ↑data processing • Hyponyms: ↑background processing, ↑backgrounding, ↑foreground processing, ↑foregrounding … Useful english dictionary
Interrupt priority level — The interrupt priority level (IPL) is a part of the current system interrupt state, which indicates the interrupt requests that will currently be accepted. The IPL may be indicated in hardware by the registers in a Programmable Interrupt… … Wikipedia
background processing — noun the execution of low priority programs while higher priority programs are not using the processing system • Syn: ↑backgrounding • Hypernyms: ↑priority processing * * * background processing noun (computing) Processing carried out non… … Useful english dictionary
Batch processing — is execution of a series of programs ( jobs ) on a computer without human interaction.Batch jobs are set up so they can be run to completion without human interaction, so all input data is preselected through scripts or command line parameters.… … Wikipedia
data processing — noun (computer science) a series of operations on data by a computer in order to retrieve or transform or classify information (Freq. 1) • Topics: ↑computer science, ↑computing • Hypernyms: ↑processing • Hyponyms … Useful english dictionary
Background processing — The automatic execution of a program which is given a low priority in the computer. Other programs may need to be run in the foreground) and these will be given priority over background processing programs. The end result is that the program… … International financial encyclopaedia
foreground processing — noun the execution of a program that preempts the use of the processing system • Syn: ↑foregrounding • Hypernyms: ↑priority processing … Useful english dictionary
Call-Processing Language — (CPL) is a language that can be used to describe and control Internet telephony services. It is designed to be implementable on either network servers or user agent servers. It is meant to be simple, extensible, easily edited by graphical clients … Wikipedia
