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private+reasons

  • 21 exposer

    exposer [εkspoze]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
       a. ( = exhiber) [+ marchandises] to display ; [+ tableaux] to exhibit
       b. [+ faits, raisons] to state ; [+ griefs] to air ; [+ idées, théories] to set out ; [+ situation] to explain
       c. ( = mettre en danger) [+ personne] to expose (à to ) ; [+ vie, réputation] to risk
       d. ( = orienter, présenter) to expose
       e. (Literature) [+ action] to set out ; (Music) [+ thème] to introduce
    2. reflexive verb
    s'exposer to expose o.s.
    s'exposer (au soleil) to expose o.s. (to the sun)
    s'exposer à [+ danger, sanction, critiques] to expose o.s. to
    * * *
    ɛkspoze
    1.
    1) ( montrer) to exhibit [œuvre d'art]; to display, to put [something] on display [marchandise]
    2) ( décrire) to state [faits]; to outline [idée, plan]; to list [griefs]; to explain [situation]; to expound [argument]; Littérature to set out [sujet]
    3) Photographie to expose
    4) ( mettre en danger) to risk [vie, réputation]; Droit to abandon a child
    5) ( soumettre à) to expose (à to)

    2.
    s'exposer verbe pronominal
    1) ( se rendre vulnérable) to put oneself at risk

    s'exposer àto risk [rechute, mort]; to lay oneself open to [poursuites, critiques]

    2) ( se placer)
    * * *
    ɛkspoze vt
    1) (= montrer) [marchandise] to display, [peintures] to exhibit, to show

    Il expose ses peintures dans une galerie d'art. — He shows his paintings in a private art gallery.

    2) [problème, situation] (= parler de) to explain, to expose, to set out

    Il nous a exposé les raisons de son départ. — He set out the reasons for his departure.

    3) (= mettre dans une situation dangereuse) to risk

    exposer qn/qch à — to expose sb/sth to

    N'exposez pas la pellicule à la lumière. — Do not expose the film to light.

    4) (= orienter)

    Il a choisi d'exposer la maison à l'est. — He decided the house should face east.

    * * *
    exposer verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 ( montrer) to exhibit [œuvre d'art]; to display, to put [sth] on display [marchandise]; to expose [condamné]; exposer qch aux regards or à la vue de tous to put sth on public view ou display;
    2 ( décrire) to state [faits]; to outline [idée, plan]; to list [griefs]; to explain [situation]; to expound [argument]; Littérat to set out [sujet]; Mus to introduce [thème]; exposer sa thèse à qn to outline one's theory to sb; exposer ses observations sur qch to give one's comments on sth;
    3 Phot to expose;
    4 ( mettre en danger) to risk [vie, réputation]; to stake [fortune]; exposer un enfant Antiq to expose a child; Jur to abandon a child;
    5 ( soumettre à) to expose (à to); ne reste pas exposé au soleil ( conseil général) stay out of the sun; ( mets-toi à l'ombre) don't stay in the sun; ‘ne pas exposer à la chaleur’ ‘keep away from direct heat’; être exposé à une maladie to be exposed to a disease.
    B s'exposer vpr
    1 ( se rendre vulnérable) to put oneself at risk; s'exposer à to risk [colère, rechute, mort]; to lay oneself open to, to run the risk of [poursuites, critiques, représailles]; s'exposer à tout perdre to run the risk of losing everything; il s'est trop exposé dans cette affaire he has been incautious in his involvement in that business, he's stuck his neck out too far in that business;
    2 ( se placer) s'exposer au soleil to go out in the sun.
    [ɛkspoze] verbe transitif
    1. [dans un magasin] to display, to put on display, to set out (separable)
    [dans une galerie, dans une foire] to exhibit, to show
    2. [soumettre]
    exposer quelqu'un à [critiques, ridicule] to lay somebody open to, to expose somebody to
    3. [mettre en danger - honneur, vie] to endanger, to put at risk
    4. [faire connaître - arguments, motifs] to expound, to put forward (separable) ; [ - intentions] to set forth ou out (separable), to explain ; [ - revendications] to set forth, to put forward, to make known
    5. LITTÉRATURE & MUSIQUE to set out (separable)
    [thème] to introduce
    ————————
    s'exposer verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)
    1. [se compromettre] to leave oneself exposed
    2. [se placer]

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > exposer

  • 22 Contrat de travail

       All private sector and contractual public sector employees working in France under French law require a work contract. There are two basic categories of contract, the CDD ( Contrat à durée déterminée) fixed-term contract, and the CDI( Contrat à durée indéterminée) permanent contract. All types of contract must stipulate working conditions and hours, and provide for employee rights in terms of paid holiday. All work contracts provide social security and health cover. On account of the complexities and difficulty of terminating CDI contracts, many employers prefer to use CDD contracts whenever possible, particularly for new recruits and young employees. There are however rules to prevent employers signing successions of CDD contracts where a CDI contract would be quite feasible.
       The complexity of the system is judged to be one of the reasons behind the high level of youth unemployment in France (19.4% in 2007, compared to an EU average of 15.2% according to Eurostat).
       Among proposed reforms to work-place legislations have long been plans to simplify the system of employment contracts, notably with the introduction of a contrat unique, or standard work contract, that no longer distinguishes between-fixed term and permanent contracts.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Contrat de travail

  • 23 adlectus

    1.
    al-lēgo ( adl-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To send one away with a commission or charge, to despatch, depute, commission (of private business, while legare is used in a similar signif. of State affairs; most freq. in Plaut.;

    elsewhere rare, but class.): ne illi aliquem adlegent, qui mi os occillet,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 28 (cf. delegare, id. ib. prol. 67 and 83); so id. Cas. prol. 52; 3, 4, 14; id. Ps. 4, 7, 66; 135; id. Stich. 5, 3, 8:

    ego si adlegāssem aliquem ad hoc negotium,

    id. Ep. 3, 3, 46:

    alium ego isti rei adlegabo,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 42:

    amicos adlegat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57, § 149:

    homines nobiles adlegat iis, qui peterent, ne, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 9:

    adlegarem te ad illos, qui, etc.,

    id. Fam. 15, 10; so id. ib. 4 fin.: cum patrem primo adlegando, deinde coram ipse rogando fatigāsset, first by the friends sent, and then by personal entreaties, etc., Liv. 36, 11, 1 Gron. —Hence, allēgāti ( adl-), ōrum, m., deputies:

    inter adlegatos Oppianici,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 39; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3.—
    B.
    Sometimes in the sense of subornare, to instigate or incite one to an act of fraud or deceit:

    eum adlegaverunt, suum qui servum diceret cum auro esse apud me,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 28: ut ne credas a me adlegatum hunc senem, * Ter. And. 5, 3, 28 Ruhnk.; cf. allegatus.—
    II.
    To bring forward, to relate, recount, mention, adduce (post-Aug.):

    exemplum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 15:

    hoc senatui adlegandum putasti,

    id. Pan. 70:

    decreta,

    id. ib. 70 fin.:

    merita,

    Suet. Aug. 47; so id. ib. 5:

    priorem se petitum ab Alexandro adlegat,

    Just. 16, 1; Stat. Achill. 2, 224.—And in a zeugma: (legati) munera, preces, mandata regis sui adlegant, they bring or offer the gifts, entreaties, and mandates, Tac. H. 4, 84; cf.:

    orationem et per incensum deprecationem adlegans,

    Vulg. Sap. 18, 21: adlegare se ex servitute in ingenuitatem, a legal phrase, to release one's self from servitude by adducing reasons, proofs, etc., Dig. 40, 12, 27.
    2.
    al-lĕgo ( adl-), ēgi, ectum, 3, v. a., to select for one's self, to choose (qs. ad se legere; like adimere, = ad se emere); to admit by election, to elect to a thing, or into (a corporation; in the class. per. generally only in the histt.): Druidibus praeest unus... hoc mortuo, si sunt plures pares, suffragio Druidum adlegitur, * Caes. B. G. 6, 13 Herz. (Dinter here omits adlegitur):

    augures de plebe,

    Liv. 10, 6:

    octo praetoribus adlecti duo,

    Vell. 2, 89:

    aliquem in sui custodiam,

    Suet. Aug. 49; so,

    in senatum,

    id. Claud. 24:

    inter patricios,

    id. Vit. 1: in clerum, Hier. adv. Jov. 1, n. 34 al.— Poet.:

    adlegi caelo,

    Sen. Agam. 804.—Hence, al-lectus ( adl-), a, um, P. a. Subst.,
    A.
    A member chosen into any corporation (collegium): collegae, qui unā lecti, et qui in eorum locum suppositi, sublecti;

    additi Adlecti,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 66 Müll.—
    B.
    Those who were added to the Senate from the equestrian order, on account of the small number of the Senators, were called adlecti, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 7 Müll.; cf. Suet. Caes. 41; id. Vesp. 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adlectus

  • 24 adlegati

    1.
    al-lēgo ( adl-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To send one away with a commission or charge, to despatch, depute, commission (of private business, while legare is used in a similar signif. of State affairs; most freq. in Plaut.;

    elsewhere rare, but class.): ne illi aliquem adlegent, qui mi os occillet,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 28 (cf. delegare, id. ib. prol. 67 and 83); so id. Cas. prol. 52; 3, 4, 14; id. Ps. 4, 7, 66; 135; id. Stich. 5, 3, 8:

    ego si adlegāssem aliquem ad hoc negotium,

    id. Ep. 3, 3, 46:

    alium ego isti rei adlegabo,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 42:

    amicos adlegat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57, § 149:

    homines nobiles adlegat iis, qui peterent, ne, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 9:

    adlegarem te ad illos, qui, etc.,

    id. Fam. 15, 10; so id. ib. 4 fin.: cum patrem primo adlegando, deinde coram ipse rogando fatigāsset, first by the friends sent, and then by personal entreaties, etc., Liv. 36, 11, 1 Gron. —Hence, allēgāti ( adl-), ōrum, m., deputies:

    inter adlegatos Oppianici,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 39; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3.—
    B.
    Sometimes in the sense of subornare, to instigate or incite one to an act of fraud or deceit:

    eum adlegaverunt, suum qui servum diceret cum auro esse apud me,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 28: ut ne credas a me adlegatum hunc senem, * Ter. And. 5, 3, 28 Ruhnk.; cf. allegatus.—
    II.
    To bring forward, to relate, recount, mention, adduce (post-Aug.):

    exemplum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 15:

    hoc senatui adlegandum putasti,

    id. Pan. 70:

    decreta,

    id. ib. 70 fin.:

    merita,

    Suet. Aug. 47; so id. ib. 5:

    priorem se petitum ab Alexandro adlegat,

    Just. 16, 1; Stat. Achill. 2, 224.—And in a zeugma: (legati) munera, preces, mandata regis sui adlegant, they bring or offer the gifts, entreaties, and mandates, Tac. H. 4, 84; cf.:

    orationem et per incensum deprecationem adlegans,

    Vulg. Sap. 18, 21: adlegare se ex servitute in ingenuitatem, a legal phrase, to release one's self from servitude by adducing reasons, proofs, etc., Dig. 40, 12, 27.
    2.
    al-lĕgo ( adl-), ēgi, ectum, 3, v. a., to select for one's self, to choose (qs. ad se legere; like adimere, = ad se emere); to admit by election, to elect to a thing, or into (a corporation; in the class. per. generally only in the histt.): Druidibus praeest unus... hoc mortuo, si sunt plures pares, suffragio Druidum adlegitur, * Caes. B. G. 6, 13 Herz. (Dinter here omits adlegitur):

    augures de plebe,

    Liv. 10, 6:

    octo praetoribus adlecti duo,

    Vell. 2, 89:

    aliquem in sui custodiam,

    Suet. Aug. 49; so,

    in senatum,

    id. Claud. 24:

    inter patricios,

    id. Vit. 1: in clerum, Hier. adv. Jov. 1, n. 34 al.— Poet.:

    adlegi caelo,

    Sen. Agam. 804.—Hence, al-lectus ( adl-), a, um, P. a. Subst.,
    A.
    A member chosen into any corporation (collegium): collegae, qui unā lecti, et qui in eorum locum suppositi, sublecti;

    additi Adlecti,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 66 Müll.—
    B.
    Those who were added to the Senate from the equestrian order, on account of the small number of the Senators, were called adlecti, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 7 Müll.; cf. Suet. Caes. 41; id. Vesp. 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adlegati

  • 25 adlego

    1.
    al-lēgo ( adl-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To send one away with a commission or charge, to despatch, depute, commission (of private business, while legare is used in a similar signif. of State affairs; most freq. in Plaut.;

    elsewhere rare, but class.): ne illi aliquem adlegent, qui mi os occillet,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 28 (cf. delegare, id. ib. prol. 67 and 83); so id. Cas. prol. 52; 3, 4, 14; id. Ps. 4, 7, 66; 135; id. Stich. 5, 3, 8:

    ego si adlegāssem aliquem ad hoc negotium,

    id. Ep. 3, 3, 46:

    alium ego isti rei adlegabo,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 42:

    amicos adlegat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57, § 149:

    homines nobiles adlegat iis, qui peterent, ne, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 9:

    adlegarem te ad illos, qui, etc.,

    id. Fam. 15, 10; so id. ib. 4 fin.: cum patrem primo adlegando, deinde coram ipse rogando fatigāsset, first by the friends sent, and then by personal entreaties, etc., Liv. 36, 11, 1 Gron. —Hence, allēgāti ( adl-), ōrum, m., deputies:

    inter adlegatos Oppianici,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 39; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3.—
    B.
    Sometimes in the sense of subornare, to instigate or incite one to an act of fraud or deceit:

    eum adlegaverunt, suum qui servum diceret cum auro esse apud me,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 28: ut ne credas a me adlegatum hunc senem, * Ter. And. 5, 3, 28 Ruhnk.; cf. allegatus.—
    II.
    To bring forward, to relate, recount, mention, adduce (post-Aug.):

    exemplum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 15:

    hoc senatui adlegandum putasti,

    id. Pan. 70:

    decreta,

    id. ib. 70 fin.:

    merita,

    Suet. Aug. 47; so id. ib. 5:

    priorem se petitum ab Alexandro adlegat,

    Just. 16, 1; Stat. Achill. 2, 224.—And in a zeugma: (legati) munera, preces, mandata regis sui adlegant, they bring or offer the gifts, entreaties, and mandates, Tac. H. 4, 84; cf.:

    orationem et per incensum deprecationem adlegans,

    Vulg. Sap. 18, 21: adlegare se ex servitute in ingenuitatem, a legal phrase, to release one's self from servitude by adducing reasons, proofs, etc., Dig. 40, 12, 27.
    2.
    al-lĕgo ( adl-), ēgi, ectum, 3, v. a., to select for one's self, to choose (qs. ad se legere; like adimere, = ad se emere); to admit by election, to elect to a thing, or into (a corporation; in the class. per. generally only in the histt.): Druidibus praeest unus... hoc mortuo, si sunt plures pares, suffragio Druidum adlegitur, * Caes. B. G. 6, 13 Herz. (Dinter here omits adlegitur):

    augures de plebe,

    Liv. 10, 6:

    octo praetoribus adlecti duo,

    Vell. 2, 89:

    aliquem in sui custodiam,

    Suet. Aug. 49; so,

    in senatum,

    id. Claud. 24:

    inter patricios,

    id. Vit. 1: in clerum, Hier. adv. Jov. 1, n. 34 al.— Poet.:

    adlegi caelo,

    Sen. Agam. 804.—Hence, al-lectus ( adl-), a, um, P. a. Subst.,
    A.
    A member chosen into any corporation (collegium): collegae, qui unā lecti, et qui in eorum locum suppositi, sublecti;

    additi Adlecti,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 66 Müll.—
    B.
    Those who were added to the Senate from the equestrian order, on account of the small number of the Senators, were called adlecti, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 7 Müll.; cf. Suet. Caes. 41; id. Vesp. 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adlego

  • 26 allegati

    1.
    al-lēgo ( adl-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To send one away with a commission or charge, to despatch, depute, commission (of private business, while legare is used in a similar signif. of State affairs; most freq. in Plaut.;

    elsewhere rare, but class.): ne illi aliquem adlegent, qui mi os occillet,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 28 (cf. delegare, id. ib. prol. 67 and 83); so id. Cas. prol. 52; 3, 4, 14; id. Ps. 4, 7, 66; 135; id. Stich. 5, 3, 8:

    ego si adlegāssem aliquem ad hoc negotium,

    id. Ep. 3, 3, 46:

    alium ego isti rei adlegabo,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 42:

    amicos adlegat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57, § 149:

    homines nobiles adlegat iis, qui peterent, ne, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 9:

    adlegarem te ad illos, qui, etc.,

    id. Fam. 15, 10; so id. ib. 4 fin.: cum patrem primo adlegando, deinde coram ipse rogando fatigāsset, first by the friends sent, and then by personal entreaties, etc., Liv. 36, 11, 1 Gron. —Hence, allēgāti ( adl-), ōrum, m., deputies:

    inter adlegatos Oppianici,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 39; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3.—
    B.
    Sometimes in the sense of subornare, to instigate or incite one to an act of fraud or deceit:

    eum adlegaverunt, suum qui servum diceret cum auro esse apud me,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 28: ut ne credas a me adlegatum hunc senem, * Ter. And. 5, 3, 28 Ruhnk.; cf. allegatus.—
    II.
    To bring forward, to relate, recount, mention, adduce (post-Aug.):

    exemplum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 15:

    hoc senatui adlegandum putasti,

    id. Pan. 70:

    decreta,

    id. ib. 70 fin.:

    merita,

    Suet. Aug. 47; so id. ib. 5:

    priorem se petitum ab Alexandro adlegat,

    Just. 16, 1; Stat. Achill. 2, 224.—And in a zeugma: (legati) munera, preces, mandata regis sui adlegant, they bring or offer the gifts, entreaties, and mandates, Tac. H. 4, 84; cf.:

    orationem et per incensum deprecationem adlegans,

    Vulg. Sap. 18, 21: adlegare se ex servitute in ingenuitatem, a legal phrase, to release one's self from servitude by adducing reasons, proofs, etc., Dig. 40, 12, 27.
    2.
    al-lĕgo ( adl-), ēgi, ectum, 3, v. a., to select for one's self, to choose (qs. ad se legere; like adimere, = ad se emere); to admit by election, to elect to a thing, or into (a corporation; in the class. per. generally only in the histt.): Druidibus praeest unus... hoc mortuo, si sunt plures pares, suffragio Druidum adlegitur, * Caes. B. G. 6, 13 Herz. (Dinter here omits adlegitur):

    augures de plebe,

    Liv. 10, 6:

    octo praetoribus adlecti duo,

    Vell. 2, 89:

    aliquem in sui custodiam,

    Suet. Aug. 49; so,

    in senatum,

    id. Claud. 24:

    inter patricios,

    id. Vit. 1: in clerum, Hier. adv. Jov. 1, n. 34 al.— Poet.:

    adlegi caelo,

    Sen. Agam. 804.—Hence, al-lectus ( adl-), a, um, P. a. Subst.,
    A.
    A member chosen into any corporation (collegium): collegae, qui unā lecti, et qui in eorum locum suppositi, sublecti;

    additi Adlecti,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 66 Müll.—
    B.
    Those who were added to the Senate from the equestrian order, on account of the small number of the Senators, were called adlecti, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 7 Müll.; cf. Suet. Caes. 41; id. Vesp. 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > allegati

  • 27 allego

    1.
    al-lēgo ( adl-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    To send one away with a commission or charge, to despatch, depute, commission (of private business, while legare is used in a similar signif. of State affairs; most freq. in Plaut.;

    elsewhere rare, but class.): ne illi aliquem adlegent, qui mi os occillet,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 28 (cf. delegare, id. ib. prol. 67 and 83); so id. Cas. prol. 52; 3, 4, 14; id. Ps. 4, 7, 66; 135; id. Stich. 5, 3, 8:

    ego si adlegāssem aliquem ad hoc negotium,

    id. Ep. 3, 3, 46:

    alium ego isti rei adlegabo,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 42:

    amicos adlegat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57, § 149:

    homines nobiles adlegat iis, qui peterent, ne, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 9:

    adlegarem te ad illos, qui, etc.,

    id. Fam. 15, 10; so id. ib. 4 fin.: cum patrem primo adlegando, deinde coram ipse rogando fatigāsset, first by the friends sent, and then by personal entreaties, etc., Liv. 36, 11, 1 Gron. —Hence, allēgāti ( adl-), ōrum, m., deputies:

    inter adlegatos Oppianici,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 39; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3.—
    B.
    Sometimes in the sense of subornare, to instigate or incite one to an act of fraud or deceit:

    eum adlegaverunt, suum qui servum diceret cum auro esse apud me,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 28: ut ne credas a me adlegatum hunc senem, * Ter. And. 5, 3, 28 Ruhnk.; cf. allegatus.—
    II.
    To bring forward, to relate, recount, mention, adduce (post-Aug.):

    exemplum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 15:

    hoc senatui adlegandum putasti,

    id. Pan. 70:

    decreta,

    id. ib. 70 fin.:

    merita,

    Suet. Aug. 47; so id. ib. 5:

    priorem se petitum ab Alexandro adlegat,

    Just. 16, 1; Stat. Achill. 2, 224.—And in a zeugma: (legati) munera, preces, mandata regis sui adlegant, they bring or offer the gifts, entreaties, and mandates, Tac. H. 4, 84; cf.:

    orationem et per incensum deprecationem adlegans,

    Vulg. Sap. 18, 21: adlegare se ex servitute in ingenuitatem, a legal phrase, to release one's self from servitude by adducing reasons, proofs, etc., Dig. 40, 12, 27.
    2.
    al-lĕgo ( adl-), ēgi, ectum, 3, v. a., to select for one's self, to choose (qs. ad se legere; like adimere, = ad se emere); to admit by election, to elect to a thing, or into (a corporation; in the class. per. generally only in the histt.): Druidibus praeest unus... hoc mortuo, si sunt plures pares, suffragio Druidum adlegitur, * Caes. B. G. 6, 13 Herz. (Dinter here omits adlegitur):

    augures de plebe,

    Liv. 10, 6:

    octo praetoribus adlecti duo,

    Vell. 2, 89:

    aliquem in sui custodiam,

    Suet. Aug. 49; so,

    in senatum,

    id. Claud. 24:

    inter patricios,

    id. Vit. 1: in clerum, Hier. adv. Jov. 1, n. 34 al.— Poet.:

    adlegi caelo,

    Sen. Agam. 804.—Hence, al-lectus ( adl-), a, um, P. a. Subst.,
    A.
    A member chosen into any corporation (collegium): collegae, qui unā lecti, et qui in eorum locum suppositi, sublecti;

    additi Adlecti,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 66 Müll.—
    B.
    Those who were added to the Senate from the equestrian order, on account of the small number of the Senators, were called adlecti, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 7 Müll.; cf. Suet. Caes. 41; id. Vesp. 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > allego

  • 28 Chronology

      15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.
      400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.
      202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.
      137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.
      410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.
      714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.
      1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.
      1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.
      1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.
      1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.
      1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).
      1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.
      1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.
      1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.
      1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.
      1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.
      1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.
      1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.
      1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.
      1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.
      1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.
      1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.
      1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.
      1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.
      1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.
      1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.
      1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.
      1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).
      1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.
      1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.
      1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.
      1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.
       King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.
       King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.
      1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.
      1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.
      1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.
       Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.
       Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.
       Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.
      1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.
      1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.
      1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.
      1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.
      1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.
      1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.
      1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.
      1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.
      1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.
      1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.
      1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.
      1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.
      1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.
      1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.
      1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.
      1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.
      1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.
      1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.
      1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.
      1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.
      1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.
      1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.
      1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.
      1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.
      1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.
       Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.
       King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.
      1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence of
       Brazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.
       Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.
       King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.
      1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.
      1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.
      1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.
      1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.
      1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.
      1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.
       January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.
       Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.
      1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.
      1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.
      1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.
      1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.
      1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.
       May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.
       March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.
       Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.
      1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.
      1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January
      1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.
      1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."
       28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.
       February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.
       April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.
      1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.
      1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."
      1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.
       6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.
       8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.
      1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.
      1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.
      1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
       January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.
      1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.
      1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.
      1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.
       March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.
       March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.
      1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July
      1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.
      1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).
      1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.
      1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.
       January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.
       January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.
       November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.
       October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.
       January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.
       May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.
       October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.
       January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).
       United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.
       January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.
       1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
       May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.
       June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.
       February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.
       January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.
       July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.
      2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Chronology

  • 29 Introspection

       1) Experimental Introspection Is the One Reliable Method of Knowing Ourselves
       When we are trying to understand the mental processes of a child or a dog or an insect as shown by conduct and action, the outward signs of mental processes,... we must always fall back upon experimental introspection... [;] we cannot imagine processes in another mind that we do not find in our own. Experimental introspection is thus our one reliable method of knowing ourselves; it is the sole gateway to psychology. (Titchener, 1914, p. 32)
       There is a somewhat misleading point of view that one's own experience provides a sufficient understanding of mental life for scientific purposes. Indeed, early in the history of experimental psychology, the main method for studying cognition was introspection. By observing one's own mind, the argument went, one could say how one carried out cognitive activities....
       Yet introspection failed to be a good technique for the elucidation of mental processes in general. There are two simple reasons for this. First, so many things which we can do seem to be quite unrelated to conscious experience. Someone asks you your name. You do not know how you retrieve it, yet obviously there is some process by which the retrieval occurs. In the same way, when someone speaks to you, you understand what they say, but you do not know how you came to understand. Yet somehow processes take place in which words are picked out from the jumble of sound waves which reach your ears, in-built knowledge of syntax and semantics gives it meaning, and the significance of the message comes to be appreciated. Clearly, introspection is not of much use here, but it is undeniable that understanding language is as much a part of mental life as is thinking.
       As if these arguments were not enough, it is also the case that introspective data are notoriously difficult to evaluate. Because it is private to the experiencer, and experience may be difficult to convey in words to somebody else. Many early introspective protocols were very confusing to read and, even worse, the kinds of introspection reported tended to conform to the theoretical categories used in different laboratories. Clearly, what was needed was both a change in experimental method and a different (non-subjective) theoretical framework to describe mental life. (Sanford, 1987, pp. 2-3)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Introspection

  • 30 машинное оборудование

    1. machinery

     

    машинное оборудование
    термин " машинное оборудование" означает:
    - сборочную единицу, состоящую из соединенных частей или компонентов, по крайней мере, одна из которых находится в движении, имеет соответствующие приводы, схему управления, цепь питания, и т.д., соединенные вместе с целью специального применения, в частности, для производства, обработки, перемещения или упаковки материала;
    - группу машин, которые для достижения той же цели организованы и управляется таким образом, что они функционируют как единое целое;
    - взаимозаменяемое оборудование, модифицирующее функции машины, которое отдельно поставляется на рынок и предназначено для установки на машине или на серии различных машин или на приводном устройстве самим оператором, при условии, что данное оборудование не является запасной частью или инструментом.
    [Директива 98/37/ЕЭС по машинному оборудованию]

    EN

    machinery
    ‘machinery’ means:
    — an assembly of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, with the appropriate
    actuators, control and power circuits, etc., joined together for a specific application, in particular
    for the processing, treatment, moving or packaging of a material,
    — an assembly of machines which, in order to achieve the same end, are arranged and controlled so that they function as an integral whole,
    — interchangeable equipment modifying the function of a machine, which is placed on the market for the purpose of being assembled with a machine or a series of different machines or with a tractor by the operator himself in so far as this equipment is not a spare part or a tool
    [DIRECTIVE 98/37/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    3. The following are excluded from the scope of this Directive:

    3. Из области применения данной Директивы исключаются:

    — machinery whose only power source is directly applied manual effort, unless it is a machine used for lifting or lowering loads,

    - машинное оборудование, для которых источником энергии является исключительно непосредственное применение ручной силы, за исключением механизмов для подъема и опускания грузов;

    — machinery for medical use used in direct contact with patients,

    - медицинские приборы;

    — special equipment for use in fairgrounds and/or amusement parks,

    - специальное оборудование для использования в аттракционах и/или парках для развлечений;

    — steam boilers, tanks and pressure vessels,

    - паровые котлы, резервуары и сосуды под давлением;

    — machinery specially designed or put into service for nuclear purposes which, in the event of failure, may result in an emission of radioactivity,

    - машинное оборудование, специально сконструированное или используемое в атомной отрасли, которые в случае аварии могут привести к выделению радиоактивных веществ;

    — radioactive sources forming part of a machine,

    - радиоактивные источники, составляющие часть машин;

    — firearms,

    - стрелковое оружие;

    — storage tanks and pipelines for petrol, diesel fuel, inflammable liquids and dangerous substances,

    - емкости для хранения или трубопроводы для бензина, дизельного топлива, огнеопасных жидкостей и опасных веществ;

    — means of transport, i.e. vehicles and their trailers intended solely for transporting passengers by air or on road, rail or water networks, as well as means of transport in so far as such means are designed for transporting goods by air, on public road or rail networks or on water. Vehicles used in the mineral extraction industry shall not be excluded,

    - транспортные средства, т.е. средства перевозки и их прицепы, предназначенные исключительно для перевозки пассажиров по воздуху, автодороге, железной дороге, или водными путями, а также транспортные средства, сконструированные для транспортировки грузов по воздуху, по общедоступным дорогам, железным дорогам или водным путям. Средства транспортировки, используемые в горнодобывающей промышленности, не исключаются из области применения настоящей Директивы;

    — seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units together with equipment on board such vessels or units,

    - морские суда и мобильные береговые агрегаты вместе с оборудованием на борту, такие как танки или установки;

    — cableways, including funicular railways, for the public or private transportation of persons,

    - канатные дороги, включая фуникулерные железные дороги для общественного или частного пользования, предназначенные для транспортировки людей;

    — agricultural and forestry tractors, as defined in Article 1(1) of Directive 74/150/EEC (1),

    (1) Council Directive 74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors (OJ L 84, 28.3.1974, p. 10). Directive as last amended by Decision 95/1/EC, Euratom, ECSC (OJ L 1.1.1995, p. 1).

    -сельскохозяйственные и лесные тракторы, подпадающие под определение статьи 1 (1) Директивы Совета 74/150/ЕЭС(1);

    (1) Директива Совета 74/150/ЕЭС от 4 марта 1974 г. по сближению законодательных актов Государств-членов, относящихся к одобрению типов колесных сельскохозяйственных или лесных тракторов (Официальный журнал Европейских сообществ № L 84, 28.3.1974 г., стр.10). Директива, измененная последний раз Решением 95/1/ЕЭС, Евроатом, ECSC (Официальный журнал Европейских сообществ № L 1/1/1995 г., стр 1)

    — machines specially designed and constructed for military or police purposes,

    - машины, специально сконструированные и созданные для военных и полицейских целей;

    — lifts which permanently serve specific levels of buildings and constructions, having a car moving between guides which are rigid and inclined at an angle of more than 15 degrees to the horizontal and designed for the transport of:
    (i) persons;
    (ii) persons and goods;
    (iii) goods alone if the car is accessible, that is to say, a person may enter it without difficulty, and fitted with controls situated inside the car or within reach of a person inside,

    - лифты и подъемные устройства, постоянно обслуживающие определенные уровни зданий и конструкций, имеющие транспортную тележку, движущуюся между жесткими направляющими, которые имеют угол наклона более 15 градусов к горизонтальной поверхности и сконструированы для транспортировки:
    (i) людей;
    (ii) людей и имущества;
    (iii) только имущества, в том случае, если кабина лифта открыта, т.е. человек может легко войти в такое транспортное средство и манипулировать средствами управления, находящимися внутри кабины или в пределах досягаемости для человека;

    — means of transport of persons using rack and pinion rail mounted vehicles,

    - транспортные средства для перевозки людей, с использованием зубчатых или реечных рельс, по которым перемещается транспортные средства;

    — mine winding gear,

    - шахтные канатные подъемные устройства;

    — theatre elevators,

    - театральные подъемники;

    — construction site hoists intended for lifting persons or persons and goods.

    - строительные подъемники, предназначенные для подъема людей или людей и грузов.

    4. Where, for machinery or safety components, the risks referred to in this Directive are wholly or partly covered by specific Community Directives, this Directive shall not apply, or shall cease to apply, in the case of such machinery or safety components and of such risks on the implementation of these specific Directives.

    4. Когда для машинного оборудования и компонентов безопасности риски, определенные в настоящей Директиве, полностью или частично покрываются специальными Директивами Сообщества, настоящая Директива не применяется или прекращает свое действие, такое машинное оборудование и компоненты безопасности и такие риски подпадают под действие этих специальных Директив.

    5. Where, for machinery, the risks are mainly of electrical origin, such machinery shall be covered exclusively by Directive 73/23/EEC (2).

    (2) Council Directive 73/23/EEC of 19 February 1973 on the harmonisation of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits (OJ L 77, 26.3.1973, p. 29). Directive as last amended by Directive 93/68/EEC (OJ L 220, 30.8.1993, p. 1).

    5. Когда риски применения машинного оборудования связаны с электрическими источниками, то такое оборудование охватываются исключительно Директивой 73/23/ЕЭС(2).

    (2) Директива Совета 73/23/ЕЭС/ от 19 февраля 1973 года о гармонизации законов Государств-Участников в отношении электрооборудования, предназначенного для использования в условиях определенных пределов напряжения (Официальный журнал Европейских сообществ № L 77, 26.03.1973, стр. 29). Директива с последней поправкой Директивой 93/68/ЕЭС (Официальный журнал Европейских сообществ № L 220, 30.08.1993, стр.1).

    Article 2
    1. Member States shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that machinery or safety components covered by this Directive may be placed on the market and put into service only if they do not endanger the health or safety of persons and, where appropriate, domestic animals or property, when properly installed and maintained and used for their intended purpose.

    Статья 2
    1. Государства - члены должны предпринимать все необходимые меры для обеспечения того, чтобы машинное оборудование или компоненты безопасности, попадающие под действие настоящей Директивы, поставлялись на рынок и вводились в эксплуатацию, только если они не составляют угрозу для здоровья и безопасности людей и домашних животных, или имуществу при условии надлежащей установки и обслуживания, а также использования по прямому назначению.

    2. This Directive shall not affect Member States’ entitlement to lay down, in due observance of the Treaty, such requirements as they may deem necessary to ensure that persons and in particular workers are protected when using the machinery or safety components in question, provided that this does not mean that the machinery or safety components are modified in a way not specified in the Directive.

    2. Настоящая Директива не ограничивает права Государств - членов устанавливать при должном соблюдении Договора такие требования, которые они посчитают необходимыми для обеспечения защиты людей, особенно работников, при использовании машинного оборудования или компонентов безопасности, при условии, что модификация такого машинного оборудования и компонентов безопасности была произведена в соответствии с положениями настоящей Директивы.

    3. At trade fairs, exhibitions, demonstrations, etc., Member States shall not prevent the showing of machinery or safety components which do not conform to the provisions of this Directive, provided that a visible sign clearly indicates that such machinery or safety components do not conform and that they are not for sale until they have been brought into conformity by the manufacturer or his authorised representative established in the Community. During demonstrations, adequate safety measures shall be taken to ensure the protection of persons.

    3. На торговых ярмарках, выставках, демонстрациях и т.п. Государства - члены не должны препятствовать демонстрации машинного оборудования или компонентов безопасности, которые не соответствуют положениям настоящей Директивы, при условии, что видимый знак четко указывает, что такое машинное оборудование или компоненты безопасности не соответствуют данной Директиве, и что они не предназначаются для продажи до тех пор, пока изготовитель или его уполномоченный представитель в Сообществе не приведет их в полное соответствие с Директивой. Во время демонстраций должны приниматься адекватные меры для обеспечения безопасности граждан.

    Article 3
    Machinery and safety components covered by this Directive shall satisfy the essential health and safety requirements set out in Annex I.

    Статья 3
    Машинное оборудование, а также компоненты безопасности, относящиеся к области действия настоящей Директивы, должны полностью удовлетворять основным требованиям по обеспечению здоровья и безопасности, изложенным в Приложении 1.

    Article 4
    1. Member States shall not prohibit, restrict or impede the placing on the market and putting into service in their territory of machinery and safety components which comply with this Directive.

    Статья 4
    1. Государства - члены не должны запрещать, ограничивать или препятствовать поставке на рынок машинного оборудования, а также компонентов безопасности, которые соответствуют
    требованиям настоящей Директивы.

    2. Member States shall not prohibit, restrict or impede the placing on the market of machinery where the manufacturer or his authorised representative established in the Community declares in accordance with point B of Annex II that it is intended to be incorporated into machinery or assembled with other machinery to constitute machinery covered by this Directive, except where it can function independently.

    ‘Interchangeable equipment’, as referred to in the third indent of Article 1(2)(a), must in all cases bear the CE marking and be accompanied by the EC declaration of conformity referred to in Annex II, point A.

    2. Государства - члены не должны запрещать, ограничивать или препятствовать поставке на рынок машинного оборудования, если изготовитель или его уполномоченный представитель в Сообществе заявляет в соответствии с Приложением II B, что они предназначены для включения в машинное оборудование или компоноваться с другим оборудованием, так, что в соединении они составят машинное оборудование, отвечающее требованиям настоящей Директивы, за исключением тех случаев, когда они могут функционировать независимо.

    "Взаимозаменяемое оборудование" в смысле третьего абзаца с черточкой в Статье 1 (2) (a) должно во всех случаях иметь маркировку "СЕ" и сопровождаться декларацией соответствия, определенной в Приложении II, пункте А.

    3. Member States may not prohibit, restrict or impede the placing on the market of safety components as defined in Article 1(2) where they are accompanied by an EC declaration of conformity by the manufacturer or his authorised representative established in the Community as referred to in Annex II, point C.

    3. Государства - члены не имеют права запрещать, ограничивать или препятствовать распространению на рынке компонентов безопасности, определенных Статьей 1 (2), если эти компоненты сопровождаются декларацией соответствия ЕС, заявленной изготовителем или его уполномоченным представителем в Сообществе, как определено в Приложении II, пункте С.

    Article 5
    1. Member States shall regard the following as conforming to all the provisions of this Directive, including the procedures for checking the conformity provided for in Chapter II:
    — machinery bearing the CE marking and accompanied by the EC declaration of conformity referred to in Annex II, point A,
    — safety components accompanied by the EC declaration of conformity referred to in Annex II, point C.

    Статья 5
    1. Государства - члены должны считать нижеследующее соответствующим всем положениям настоящей Директивы, включая процедуры проверки соответствия, предусмотренной в Главе II:
    - машинное оборудование, имеющее маркировку "СЕ" и сопровождаемое декларацией соответствия ЕС, как указано в Приложении II, пункте A;
    - компоненты безопасности, сопровождаемые декларацией соответствия ЕС, как указано в Приложении II, пункте C.

    При отсутствии гармонизированных стандартов Государства - члены должны предпринимать любые меры, которые они сочтут необходимыми, для привлечения внимания заинтересованных сторон к существующим национальным техническим стандартам и спецификациям, которые считаются важными или относятся к выполнению основных требований по обеспечению здоровья и безопасности в соответствии с Приложением 1.

    2. Where a national standard transposing a harmonised standard, the reference for which has been published in the Official Journal of the European Communities, covers one or more of the essential safety requirements, machinery or safety components constructed in accordance with this standard shall be presumed to comply with the relevant essential requirements.
    Member States shall publish the references of national standards transposing harmonised standards.

    2. В тех случаях, когда национальный стандарт, заменяющий гармонизированный стандарт, ссылка на который была опубликована в Официальном журнале Европейских сообществ, покрывает одно или несколько основных требований безопасности, машинное оборудование или компоненты безопасности, сконструированные в соответствии с таким стандартом, должны считаться соответствующими основным требованиям.
    Государства - члены должны публиковать ссылки на национальные стандарты, заменяющие гармонизированные стандарты.

    3. Member States shall ensure that appropriate measures are taken to enable the social partners to have an influence at national level on the process of preparing and monitoring the harmonised standards.

    3. Государства - члены должны обеспечивать принятие необходимых мер для того, чтобы их социальные партнеры получали возможность влиять на национальном уровне на процессы подготовки и отслеживания гармонизированных стандартов.

    Article 6
    1. Where a Member State or the Commission considers that the harmonised standards referred to in Article 5(2) do not entirely satisfy the essential requirements referred to in Article 3, the Commission or the Member State concerned shall bring the matter before the committee set up under Directive 83/189/EEC, giving the reasons therefor. The committee shall deliver an opinion without delay.
    Upon receipt of the committee’s opinion, the Commission shall inform the Member States whether or not it is necessary to withdraw those standards from the published information referred to in Article 5(2).

    Статья 6
    1. В случае, если Государство - член или Комиссия считают, что гармонизированные стандарты, рассмотренные в Статье 5 (2), не полностью соответствуют основным требованиям, определенным в Статье 3, Комиссия или заинтересованное Государство - член должны поставить этот вопрос на рассмотрение комитета, созданного в соответствии с Директивой 83/189/ЕЭС, обосновав причины такого обращения. Комитет должен безотлагательно вынести решение.
    После получения такого решения комитета Комиссия должна информировать Государства – члены, необходимо или нет отозвать эти стандарты из опубликованной информации, определенной в Статье 5 (2).

    2. A standing committee shall be set up, consisting of representatives appointed by the Member States and chaired by a representative of the Commission.

    The standing committee shall draw up its own rules of procedure.

    Any matter relating to the implementation and practical application of this Directive may be brought before the standing committee, in accordance with the following procedure:

    The representative of the Commission shall submit to the committee a draft of the measures to be taken. The committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft, within a time limit which the chairman may lay down according to the urgency of the matter, if necessary by taking a vote.

    The opinion shall be recorded in the minutes; in addition, each Member State shall have the right to ask to have its position recorded in the minutes.
    The Commission shall take the utmost account of the opinion delivered by the committee.
    It shall inform the committee of the manner in which its opinion has been taken into account.

    2. Должен быть создан постоянно действующий комитет, состоящий из представителей, назначенных Государствами – членами, и возглавляемый представителем Комиссии.

    Постоянно действующий комитет будет сам устанавливать порядок действий и процедуры.

    Любой вопрос, относящийся к выполнению и практическому применению настоящей Директивы, может быть поставлен на рассмотрение постоянно действующего комитета, в соответствии со следующими правилами:

    Представитель Комиссии должен представить комитету проект предполагаемых к принятию мер. Комитет должен выразить свое мнение по проекту за время, установленное председателем в соответствии со срочностью вопроса, при необходимости определяемого путем голосования.

    Это мнение должно быть зафиксировано в протоколе; кроме того, каждое Государство - член имеет право потребовать отразить свою позицию в протоколе. Комиссия должна максимально учитывать мнение, вынесенное комитетом.
    Она должна проинформировать комитет, каким образом было учтено его мнение.

    Article 7
    1. Where a Member State ascertains that:
    — machinery bearing the CE marking, or
    — safety components accompanied by the EC declaration of conformity, used in accordance with their intended purpose are liable to endanger the safety of persons, and, where appropriate, domestic animals or property, it shall take all appropriate measures to withdraw such machinery or safety components from the market, to prohibit the placing on the market, putting into service or use thereof, or to restrict free movement thereof.

    Member States shall immediately inform the Commission of any such measure, indicating the reason for its decision and, in particular, whether non-conformity is due to:
    (a) failure to satisfy the essential requirements referred to in Article 3;
    (b) incorrect application of the standards referred to in Article 5(2);
    (c) shortcomings in the standards themselves referred to in Article 5(2).

    Статья 7
    1. Если Государство - член устанавливает, что:
    - машинное оборудование, имеющее маркировку "СЕ", либо
    - компоненты безопасности, сопровождаемые декларацией соответствия ЕС, используемые в соответствии с их назначением, могут нести угрозу безопасности людям, и, если это имеет место, домашним животным или собственности, оно должно принять все необходимые меры для изъятия такого машинного оборудования, либо компонентов безопасности с рынка, запретить их поставку на рынок, ввод в эксплуатацию или использование, либо ограничить их свободное обращение.

    Государства - члены должны немедленно информировать Комиссию о любых подобных мерах, указать причины такого решения и, в особенности, информировать о том, явилось ли это несоответствие результатом:
    a) неспособности удовлетворить основным требованиям, определенным в Статье 3;
    b) неправильного применения стандартов, определенных в Статье 5 (п.2);
    c) недостатков самих стандартов, определенных в Статье 5 (п. 2).

    2. The Commission shall enter into consultation with the parties concerned without delay. Where the Commission considers, after this consultation, that the measure is justified, it shall immediately so inform the Member State which took the initiative and the other Member States. Where the Commission considers, after this consultation, that the action is unjustified, it shall immediately so inform the Member State which took the initiative and the manufacturer or his authorised representative established within the Community.

    Where the decision referred to in paragraph 1 is based on a shortcoming in the standards, and where the Member State at the origin of the decision maintains its position, the Commission shall immediately inform the committee in order to initiate the procedures referred to in Article 6(1).

    2. Комиссия должна безотлагательно провести консультацию с заинтересованными сторонами. В случае, если после проведения такой консультации, Комиссия полагает, что такая мера обоснована, она должна немедленно информировать об этом Государство - член, которое выдвинуло эту инициативу, а также остальные Государства - члены. Если Комиссия после проведения такой консультации полагает, что действия не были обоснованными, она немедленно извещает об этом Государство - член, проявившее инициативу, и изготовителя, либо его уполномоченного представителя в Сообществе.

    Если решение, указанное в параграфе 1, основано на недостатках в стандартах, и если Государство - член на основании такого решения сохраняет свои позиции, то Комиссия должна немедленно информировать комитет для того, чтобы начать процедуры, описанные в Статье 6 (п. 1).

    3. Where:
    — machinery which does not comply bears the CE marking,
    — a safety component which does not comply is accompanied by an EC declaration of conformity,
    the competent Member State shall take appropriate action against whom so ever has affixed the marking or drawn up the declaration and shall so inform the Commission and other Member States.

    3. Если:
    - машинное оборудование, не соответствующие требованиям, имеют маркировку "СЕ",
    - компоненты безопасности, не соответствующие требованиям, имеют декларацию соответствия ЕС,
    компетентное Государство - член должно начать соответствующие действия против любого, кто поставил маркировку, или составил декларацию, и должно проинформировать об этом Комиссию и другие Государства - члены.

    4. The Commission shall ensure that Member States are kept informed of the progress and outcome of this procedure.

    4. Комиссия должна обеспечить, чтобы Государства – члены были постоянно информированы о ходе и результатах данной процедуры.

    CHAPTER II
    CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES
    Article 8

    1. The manufacturer or his authorised representative established in the Community must, in order to certify that machinery and safety components are in conformity with this Directive, draw up for all machinery or safety components manufactured an EC declaration of conformity based on the model given in Annex II, point A or C as appropriate.

    In addition, for machinery alone, the manufacturer or his authorised representatives established in the Community must affix to the machine the CE marking.

    Глава II
    Процедуры оценки соответствия
    Статья 8

    1. Для подтверждения того, что машинное оборудование, а также компоненты безопасности соответствуют положениям настоящей Директивы, изготовитель или его уполномоченный представитель в Сообществе должен составить декларацию ЕС о соответствии на произведенное машинное оборудование и компоненты безопасности по образцу, приведенному в Приложении II, соответственно пунктам A или C.

    Корме того, на машинное оборудование изготовитель или его уполномоченный представитель в Сообществе должен нанести маркировку "СЕ" в соответствии со Статьей 10.

    2. Before placing on the market, the manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the Community, shall:
    (a) if the machinery is not referred to in Annex IV, draw up the file provided for in Annex V;
    (b) if the machinery is referred to in Annex IV and its manufacturer does not comply, or only partly complies, with the standards referred to in Article 5(2) or if there are no such standards, submit an example of the machinery for the EC type-examination referred to in Annex VI;
    (c) if the machinery is referred to in Annex IV and is manufactured in accordance with the standards referred to in Article 5(2):
    — either draw up the file referred to in Annex VI and forward it to a notified body, which will acknowledge receipt of the file as soon as possible and keep it,
    — submit the file referred to in Annex VI to the notified body, which will simply verify that the standards referred to in Article 5(2) have been correctly applied and will draw up a certificate of adequacy for the file,
    — or submit the example of the machinery for the EC type-examination referred to in Annex VI.

    2. Перед поставкой на рынок изготовитель или его уполномоченный представитель в Сообществе должен:
    (a) в случае, если машинное оборудование не указано в Приложении IV, составить документацию, предусмотренную Приложением V;
    (b) если машинное оборудование указано в Приложении IV, и их изготовитель не выполняет, либо выполняет лишь частично требования стандартов, упомянутых в Статье 5 (2), либо, если таких стандартов не существует, то представить образец машинного оборудования для его испытания ЕС, определенного в Приложении VI;
    (c) если машинное оборудование указано в Приложении IV и изготовлено в соответствии со стандартами, определенными в Статье 5 (п. 2):
    - либо составить документацию, указанную в Приложении VI, и передать ее нотифицированному органу, который подтверждает получение документации в возможно короткие сроки, а также сохраняет ее;
    - представить документацию, указанную в Приложении VI, нотифицированному органу, который просто проверит, что стандарты, упомянутые в Статье 5 (2), были применены правильно и составит сертификат соответствия по этой документации;
    - либо представить образец машинного оборудования для испытания ЕС типового образца, определенного в Приложении VI.

    3. Where the first indent of paragraph 2(c) of this Article applies, the provisions of the first sentence of paragraphs 5 and 7 of Annex VI shall also apply.

    Where the second indent of paragraph 2(c) of this Article applies, the provisions of paragraphs 5, 6 and 7 of Annex VI shall also apply.

    3. В тех случаях, когда может быть применен первый абзац параграфа 2 (с) этой Статьи должны также применяться положения первого предложения параграфов 5 и 7 Приложения VI.

    В тех случаях, когда может быть применен второй абзац пункта 2 (с), должны также применяться положения параграфов 5, 6 и 7 Приложения VI.

    4. Where paragraph 2(a) and the first and second indents of paragraph 2(c) apply, the EC declaration of conformity shall solely state conformity with the essential requirements of the Directive.

    Where paragraph 2(b) and the third indent of paragraph 2(c) apply, the EC declaration of conformity shall state conformity with the example that underwent EC type-examination.

    4. В тех случаях, когда применяется параграф 2 (а) и первый и второй абзацы параграфа 2 (c), декларация ЕС о соответствии должна удостоверить соответствие основным требованиям настоящей Директивы.

    В случае, когда применяется параграф 2 (b) и третий абзац параграфа 2 (c), декларация ЕС о соответствии должна удостоверить соответствие образцу, прошедшему испытание ЕС типового образца.

    5. Safety components shall be subject to the certification procedures applicable to machinery pursuant to paragraphs 2, 3 and 4. Furthermore, during EC type-examination, the notified body shall verify the suitability of the safety component for fulfilling the safety functions declared by the manufacturer.

    5.Компоненты безопасности должны подвергаться процедурам сертификации, применимым к машинному оборудованию в соответствии с параграфами 2, 3, 4. Более того, во время испытания ЕС типового образца нотифицированный орган должен проверить пригодность компонентов безопасности для выполнения тех функций безопасности, которые заявлены изготовителем.

    6. (a) Where the machinery is subject to other Directives concerning other aspects and which also provide for the affixing of the CE marking, the latter shall indicate that the machinery is also presumed to conform to the provisions of those other Directives.
    (b) However, where one or more of those Directives allow the manufacturer, during a transitional period, to choose which arrangements to apply, the CE marking shall indicate conformity only to the Directives applied by the manufacturer. In this case, particulars of the Directives applied, as published in the Official Journal of the European Communities, must be given in the documents, notices or instructions required by the directives and accompanying such machinery.

    6. (a) В тех случаях, когда машинное оборудование подпадает под действие Директив по другим аспектам, которые также предусматривают нанесение маркировки "СЕ", последняя указывает, что такое машинное оборудование соответствуют положениям этих прочих директив.
    (b) Тем не менее, когда одна или несколько таких Директив позволяют изготовителям в течение переходного периода выбирать, какие из положений применить, маркировка "СЕ" будет указывать на соответствие только тем Директивам, которые применялись изготовителем. В этом случае подробная информация о примененных Директивах, опубликованных в Официальном журнале Европейских сообществ, должен приводиться в документах, аннотациях или инструкциях, требуемых в соответствии с Директивами, и сопровождать такое машинное оборудование.

    7. Where neither the manufacturer nor his authorised representative established in the Community fulfils the obligations of paragraphs 1 to 6, these obligations shall fall to any person placing the machinery or safety component on the market in the Community. The same obligations shall apply to any person assembling machinery or parts thereof or safety components of various origins or constructing machinery or safety components for his own use.

    7. Если ни изготовитель, ни его уполномоченный представитель в Сообществе не выполнят своих обязательств по предыдущим параграфам, то эти обязательства должны быть выполнены любыми лицами, поставляющими машинное оборудование или компоненты безопасности на рынок Сообщества. Такие же обязательства возлагаются на любые лица, осуществляющие сборку машинного оборудования, либо его частей или компонентов безопасности различного происхождения, либо создающие машинное оборудование или компоненты безопасности для собственного пользования.

    8. The obligations referred to in paragraph 7 shall not apply to persons who assemble with a machine or tractor interchangeable equipment as provided for in Article 1, provided that the parts are compatible and each of the constituent parts of the assembled machine bears the CE marking and is accompanied by the EC declaration of conformity.

    8. Обязательства, изложенные в параграфе 7, не применяются к лицам, которые собирают с машиной, механизмом или транспортным средством взаимозаменяемое оборудование, указанное в Статье 1, при условии, что эти части совместимы, и каждая из частей машины в сборе имеет маркировку "СЕ" и Декларацию ЕС о соответствии.

    Article 9
    1. Member States shall notify the Commission and the other Member States of the approved bodies which they have appointed to carry out the procedures referred to in Article 8 together with the specific tasks which these bodies have been appointed to carry out and the identification numbers assigned to them beforehand by the Commission.
    The Commission shall publish in the Official Journal of the European Communities a list of the notified bodies and their identification numbers and the tasks for which they have been notified. The Commission shall ensure that this list is kept up to date.

    Статья 9
    1. Государства - члены должны уведомить Комиссию и другие Государства - члены об утвержденных органах, которые назначаются для выполнения процедур, описанных в Статье 8, также как и для различных особых задач, которые этим органам предназначено выполнять, и об идентификационных номерах, предварительно присвоенных им Комиссией.

    В Официальном журнале Европейских сообществ Комиссия должна публиковать список таких нотифицированных органов и их идентификационные номера, а также задачи, для решения которых они предназначены. Комиссия должна обеспечить своевременность обновления списка.

    2. Member States shall apply the criteria laid down in Annex VII in assessing the bodies to be indicated in such notification. Bodies meeting the assessment criteria laid down in the relevant harmonised standards shall be presumed to fulfil those criteria.

    2. Государства - члены должны применять критерии, изложенные в Приложении VII, для определения органов, которые будут указаны в таких назначениях. Органы, удовлетворяющие критериям, изложенным в соответствующих гармонизированных стандартах, считаются соответствующими критериям.

    3. A Member State which has approved a body must withdraw its notification if it finds that the body no longer meets the criteria referred to in Annex VII. It shall immediately inform the Commission and the other Member States accordingly.

    3. Государство - член, утвердившее такой орган, должно отменить его назначение, если оно обнаружит, что он больше не соответствует критериям, изложенным в Приложении VII. Государство - член должно немедленно известить об этом Комиссию и другие Государства - члены.

    CHAPTER III
    CE MARKING
    Article 10
    1. The CE conformity marking shall consist of the initials ‘CE’. The form of the marking to be used is shown in Annex III.

    ГЛАВА III
    МАРКИРОВКА "СЕ"
    Статья 10
    1. Маркировка "СЕ" состоит из заглавных букв "СЕ". Форма маркировки, которая будет использоваться, указана в Приложении III.

    2. The CE marking shall be affixed to machinery distinctly and visibly in accordance with point 1.7.3 of Annex I.

    2. Маркировка "СЕ" должна наноситься на машинное оборудование четко, на видном месте в соответствии с пунктом 1.7.3. Приложения I.

    3. The affixing of markings on the machinery which are likely to deceive third parties as to the meaning and form of the CE marking shall be prohibited. Any other marking may be affixed to the machinery provided that the visibility and legibility of the CE marking is not thereby reduced.

    3. Нанесение маркировок на машинное оборудование таким образом, что это может ввести в заблуждение относительно значения и формы маркировки "СЕ", запрещено. Любые другие маркировки могут быть нанесены на машинное оборудование таким образом, чтобы не мешать видимости и различимости маркировки "СЕ".

    4. Without prejudice to Article 7:
    (a) where a Member State establishes that the CE marking has been affixed unduly, the manufacturer or his authorised representative established within the Community shall be obliged to make the product conform as regards the provisions concerning the CE marking and to end the infringement under the conditions imposed by the Member State;

    (b) where non-conformity continues, the Member State must take all appropriate measures to restrict or prohibit the placing on the market of the product in question or to ensure that it is withdrawn from the market in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 7.

    4. Без ограничения применения Статьи 7:
    (a) если Государство - член устанавливает, что маркировка "СЕ" была нанесена неправильно, изготовитель или его уполномоченный представитель в Сообществе будет обязан привести продукцию в соответствии с положениями, касающимися маркировки "СЕ" и положить конец нарушениям на условиях, установленных Государством - членом;

    (b) если такое несоответствие будет продолжаться, то Государство - член должно принять все соответствующие меры для ограничения или запрещения поставки на рынок такой продукции, либо обеспечить изъятие ее с рынка в соответствии с процедурами, изложенными в Статье 7.

    CHAPTER IV
    FINAL PROVISIONS
    Article 11

    Any decision taken pursuant to this Directive which restricts the placing on the market and putting into service of machinery or a safety component shall state the exact grounds on which it is based. Such a decision shall be notified as soon as possible to the party concerned, who shall at the same time be informed of the legal remedies available to him under the laws in force in the Member State concerned and of the time limits to which such remedies are subject.

    ГЛАВА IV
    ЗАКЛЮЧИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ
    Статья 11

    Любое решение, принятое в исполнение настоящей Директивы, ограничивающее поставку на рынок и ввод в эксплуатацию машинного оборудования или компонентов безопасности, должно указывать точные причины, на которых оно основано. Такое решение должно быть по возможности быстро доведено до сведения заинтересованных сторон, их также следует проинформировать о законных мерах, которые могут быть предприняты по действующему законодательству в соответствующем Государстве - члене и о сроках, в которые данные меры применяются.

    Article 12
    The Commission will take the necessary steps to have information on all the relevant decisions relating to the management of this Directive made available.

    Статья 12
    Комиссия предпримет все необходимые шаги для получения информации по всем соответствующим решениям, касающимся применения и распространения настоящей Директивы.

    Article 13
    1. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the provisions of national law which they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.

    2. The Commission shall, before 1 January 1994, examine the progress made in the standardisation work relating to this Directive and propose any appropriate measures.

    Статья 13
    1. Государства - члены должны передать Комиссии тексты положений национальных законодательных актов, принимаемых в сфере, определяемой настоящей Директивой.

    2. Комиссия должна до 1 января 1994 г. изучить развитие работ по стандартизации, относящиеся к области действия настоящей Директивы и предложить любые целесообразные меры.

    Тематики

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > машинное оборудование

  • 31 פתיחה

    פְּתִיחָהf. (פָּתַח) 1) opening. B. Kam.49b (ref. to Ex. 21:33) אם על פ׳ חייב על כרייהוכ׳ if he is responsible for opening a pit, how much more is he so for digging! Ib. על עסקי פ׳וכ׳ for the act of opening (the pit itself being on private ground). Ib. 50a. Pes.54a פְּתִיחַת פי האתון the opening of the mouth of (Balaams) ass; פ׳ פי הארץ the opening of the mouth of the earth (to swallow Korah). Sabb.129a, v. קֶבֶר. Gen. R. s. 13 בזו פ׳ ובזו פ׳ with reference to the one (sustenance) opening (the stem פתח) is used (Deut. 28:12), and with reference to the other (resurrection) opening is used (Ez. 37:12); a. fr. 2) פְּתִיחַת נדר (v. פָּתַח) offering reasons for regretting a vow. Y.Ned.VIII, end, 41a; Y.Naz.VII, 52a top; a. e. 3) introduction to a lecture, text. Cant. R. to I, 2 רבנן עבדין יתהון פ׳ לויהיוכ׳ the Rabbis used them (the verses Cant. 1:2 sq.) as a text for a lecture on Vayhi (Num. 7). 4) v. preced.

    Jewish literature > פתיחה

  • 32 פְּתִיחָה

    פְּתִיחָהf. (פָּתַח) 1) opening. B. Kam.49b (ref. to Ex. 21:33) אם על פ׳ חייב על כרייהוכ׳ if he is responsible for opening a pit, how much more is he so for digging! Ib. על עסקי פ׳וכ׳ for the act of opening (the pit itself being on private ground). Ib. 50a. Pes.54a פְּתִיחַת פי האתון the opening of the mouth of (Balaams) ass; פ׳ פי הארץ the opening of the mouth of the earth (to swallow Korah). Sabb.129a, v. קֶבֶר. Gen. R. s. 13 בזו פ׳ ובזו פ׳ with reference to the one (sustenance) opening (the stem פתח) is used (Deut. 28:12), and with reference to the other (resurrection) opening is used (Ez. 37:12); a. fr. 2) פְּתִיחַת נדר (v. פָּתַח) offering reasons for regretting a vow. Y.Ned.VIII, end, 41a; Y.Naz.VII, 52a top; a. e. 3) introduction to a lecture, text. Cant. R. to I, 2 רבנן עבדין יתהון פ׳ לויהיוכ׳ the Rabbis used them (the verses Cant. 1:2 sq.) as a text for a lecture on Vayhi (Num. 7). 4) v. preced.

    Jewish literature > פְּתִיחָה

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