-
101 double
-
102 rotating
-
103 actuator
механическое устройство для перемещения; исполнительный механизм; привод (силовой); привод регулирующей заслонки; соленоид; актуатор; приводной механизм; рулевой привод; пускатель (силовой); рабочий орган; рукоятка для приведения в действие; рукоятка привода; рычаг для пуска; усилитель; двигатель; управляющее устройство; переключатель; механизм управления клапанов; механизм управления штуцеров; привод головок- actuator arm - actuator assembly - actuator axis - actuator cylinder - actuator drive signal - actuator force - actuator-gear-load assembly - actuator handle - actuator length - actuator level - actuator lock - actuator mechanism - actuator of sensitive switch - actuator operated valve - actuator package - actuator pin - actuator power - actuator ramp - actuator response time - actuator screw - actuator solenoid - actuator valve - air actuator - air-oil actuator - arm actuator - band actuator - bellows actuator - bin actuator - brake valve actuator - cam actuator - control actuator - control-rod actuator - cylinder actuator - diaphragm actuator - digital actuator - double-toggle actuator - double-vane actuator - driving actuator - dual body actuator - electric actuator - electrostatic actuator - exhaust gas recirculation actuator - frequency-controlled actuator - governor actuator - governor control air actuator - high-output low-speed actuator - hydraulic actuator - hydraulic linear actuator - hydraulic motor actuator - joint actuator - linear actuator - load feel actuator - manual valve actuator - master cylinder actuator - mechanical valve actuator - multiposition actuator - pilot solenoid controlled valve actuator - piston-rack type actuator - pneumatic actuator - power-operated actuator - relay actuator - retracting actuator - rocker actuator - rotary actuator - self-contained actuator - single-vane actuator - spring-type brake actuator - torque actuator - valve actuator -
104 box
ящик; шкаф (для рабочей одежды, инструментов и т.п.); коробка; стойло; козлы; бокс; волокуша; букса; кожух; муфта; втулка; вкладыш (подшипника); рудничная вагонетка- box beam- box body- box end wrench - box-frame - box furnace - box garage - box girder - box-handling crane with grab - box-handling crane with magnet - box joint - box key - box-lid joint - box lock - box marking - box nut - box pipe end - box piston - box post - box ring wrench - box seat - box-section track roller frame - box-section frame - box spanner - box spar - box-type - box-type clip - box van- air box- antifriction box- ash box- axle box- brake box - branch box - brush box - buffer box - cam box - chain box - charging box - clack box - compensating stuffing box - connecting box - console box - core box - coupling box - distributor box - dividing box - drain box - exhaust box - expansion stuffing box - feed box - flushing box - frame box - gear box - grease box - guide box - hoist box - horizontal stuffing box - inserted stuffing box - inverted stuffing box - journal box - junction box - labyrinth box - lever box - link box - load box - main box - mitre box - moulding box - mud box - nave box - oil box - packing box - radiator box - scouring box - seal box - seed-box - service box - speed box - spindle box - splice box - spring box - starting box - steel box - steering box - straining box - stuffing box - switch box - T-junction box - tool box - transfer box - trifurcating box - valve box - vertical stuffing box - voltage control box - wheel box -
105 counter
счётчик; измеритель; прибор для указания числа или количества- counter cell - counter-clockwise direction - counter-electromotive force - counter-emf - counter flange - counter flow - counter-flow heat exchanger - counter for petrol pump - counter nut - counter piston - counter-pressure turbine - counter roller - counter-rotating balancer shaft - counter spring - counter-streaming centrifuging - counter sunt screw - counter timer - counter weight - counter-weight tensioner - counter-weighted crankshaft - dust counter - gated oscillator counter - revolution counter - scintillation counter - speed counter - stroke counter -
106 hydraulic
- hydraulic backfilling - hydraulic balance - hydraulic balancing device - hydraulic beater - hydraulic boost brake - hydraulic-brake fluid - hydraulic-brake hose - hydraulic brake line - hydraulic damping - hydraulic jack - hydraulic leak - hydraulic lift control - hydraulic lift linkage - hydraulic lift system - hydraulic loader - hydraulic motor - hydraulic oil - hydraulic oil tank - hydraulic pickup - hydraulic pick-up hitch - hydraulic piston - hydraulic power lift - hydraulic power pack - hydraulic pressure - hydraulic pressure booster - hydraulic pressure test - hydraulic prime mover - hydraulic power cylinder - hydraulic pump - hydraulic seal - hydraulic servo steering - hydraulic slip - hydraulic speed gear - hydraulic transmission - hydraulic vacuum system - hydraulic valve - bleed the hydraulic system - booster hydraulic circuit - booster-type hydraulic brake system - circulate fluid through the hydraulic system - flush the hydraulic system - give the hydraulic system a hydrostatic test - guided-vane hydraulic motor - limited rotary hydraulic drive - linear hydraulic drive - live hydraulic system - reciprocating hydraulic motor - remote-cylinder hydraulic system - remote hydraulic cylinder - remote-operation hydraulic cylinder - rotary hydraulic drive - single-vane hydraulic actuator -
107 rotary
ротационный компрессор; вращательный буровой станок; ротация; II вращающийся; вращательный; поворотный; коловратный; ротационный; ротативный; ротарный- rotary airlock valve - rotary annular extractor - rotary bar - rotary barrel throttle - rotary blade - rotary blower - rotary chain - rotary channel-selector valve - rotary charging - rotary coupler - rotary directional hydraulic valve - rotary disconnector - rotary disk hoe - rotary disk operated pneumatic valve - rotary disk valve - rotary displacement compressor - rotary drawworks - rotary drum drier - rotary drum collator - rotary drum scaler - rotary filler - rotary flange - rotary force - rotary hoe - rotary hook - rotary hub - rotary intersection - rotary meter - rotary moment - rotary positioner - rotary power broom - rotary screen - rotary seal - rotary shaft encoder - rotary shaft-angle positioner - rotary shifted transmission - rotary shutter - rotary shuttle - rotary snow plough - rotary solenoid - rotary speed - rotary switch valve - rotary swivel - rotary table pinion shaft carrier - rotary throttle valve - rotary tiller - rotary vane type shock absorber - make-and-break rotary -
108 stepped gear
1) ступенчатое зубчатое колесо; ступенчатый набор шестерён2) ступенчатый набор шестерён; ступенчатый блок шестерён -
109 ram
1. n баранtupping ram — случной баран, баран-производитель
2. n Овен3. n тех. баба4. n гидравлический таран5. n дор. подбойка; трамбовка6. n тех. шток, плунжер; ползунpush-cut ram — ползун для "толкающего резания"
7. n метал. коксовыталкиватель8. n спец. гидравлический домкрат9. n мор. ист. таранное судно10. v таранитьto ram ahead — продвигаться вперёд; пробиваться вперёд; продвигаться, сокрушая сопротивление противника
11. v налететь на, расшибиться обо12. v забивать, вколачивать; втискивать; вдалбливатьto ram an argument home — убедить ; доказать свою правоту
13. v воен. сокрушать14. v воен. пробивать оборону противника15. v воен. досылать16. v воен. тех. трамбовать, утрамбовыватьСинонимический ряд:1. animal (noun) animal; bighorn; buck; ewe; male sheep; sheep; wild ram2. bat (noun) bar; bat; battering-ram; hammerhead; mallet; maul; piston; rammer; sledge hammer3. crash (verb) crash; slam; smash4. hit (verb) beat; collide; cram; force; hit; hook; jam; jam-pack; poke; pound; stuff; tamp5. run (verb) dig; drive; plunge; press; propel; push; run; shoulder; shove; sink; stab; stick; thrust -
110 aerodynamics
1. аэродинамика < наука>2. аэродинамика, аэродинамические характеристикиadvanced aerodynamicsadverse-yaw aerodynamicsairfoil aerodynamicsairframe aerodynamicsbeyond stall aerodynamicscanard aerodynamicscirculation control aerodynamicscomputational aerodynamicsdoublet lattice aerodynamicsexperimental aerodynamicsexternal aerodynamicsfirst-order aerodynamicsflap aerodynamicsforebody aerodynamicsfuselage aerodynamicshelicopter aerodynamicshigh-angle-of-attack aerodynamicsindicial aerodynamicsinteractional aerodynamicsinteractive fan/nacelle aerodynamicslateral aerodynamicslateral-directional aerodynamicslongitudinal aerodynamicslow-speed aerodynamicsmaneuver aerodynamicsnonlinear aerodynamicsoscillatory aerodynamicspiston theory aerodynamicspitch plane aerodynamicspoststall aerodynamicspotential aerodynamicspowered aerodynamicspowered-lift aerodynamicspro-spin aerodynamicsquasisteady aerodynamicsroll orientation-dependent aerodynamicsrotary-wing aerodynamicsrotational flow aerodynamicsrotorcraft aerodynamicsslender-body aerodynamicsslender wing aerodynamicsspoiler aerodynamicssteady aerodynamicsstore aerodynamicsstrip theory aerodynamicssubsonic aerodynamicssupersonic aerodynamicsthree-dimensional aerodynamicsthrust-induced aerodynamicstime-domain aerodynamicstime-variant aerodynamicstransition aerodynamicstransonic aerodynamicsunsteady aerodynamicsV/STOL aerodynamics -
111 helicopter
aeromedical helicopteraggressor helicopterair combat capable helicopterair superiority helicopterair-to-air capable helicopterantiair helicopterantiarmor helicopterantiarmour helicopterantisubmarine warfare helicopterantitank helicopterarmored helicopterarmoured helicopterattack helicopterbattlefield helicopterbattlefield support helicopterbearingless rotor helicopterbi-rotor helicoptercirculation-controlled helicopterclose-support helicoptercoaxial helicoptercombat helicoptercompound helicopteremergency medical service helicopterEMS helicopterexfiltration helicopterfloating helicopterfly-by-wire helicopterfour-bladed helicopterhigh-RCS helicopterhigh-speed helicopterhospital helicopterhovering helicopterhuman helicopterhuman-powered helicoptericing-approved helicopterinstrument flight-equipped helicopterlogistic support helicoptermedium-lift helicoptermine-countermeasures helicoptermultibladed helicopterno-tail-rotor helicopterNOTAR helicopteroffshore helicopterpiston helicopterrotortip-driven helicopterscout helicopterscout/attack helicoptersearch and rescue helicopterseaworthy helicopterside-by-side helicoptersingle-rotor helicopterskidded helicoptertactical support helicoptertail-rotorless helicoptertandem-rotor helicoptertip-driven helicoptertransport category helicoptertwo-bladed helicopterutility helicoptervariable-stability helicopter -
112 oil
-
113 Chapelon, André
[br]b. 26 October 1892 Saint-Paul-en-Cornillon, Loire, Franced. 29 June 1978 Paris, France[br]French locomotive engineer who developed high-performance steam locomotives.[br]Chapelon's technical education at the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures, Paris, was interrupted by extended military service during the First World War. From experience of observing artillery from the basket of a captive balloon, he developed a method of artillery fire control which was more accurate than that in use and which was adopted by the French army.In 1925 he joined the motive-power and rolling-stock department of the Paris-Orléans Railway under Chief Mechanical Engineer Maurice Lacoin and was given the task of improving the performance of its main-line 4–6–2 locomotives, most of them compounds. He had already made an intensive study of steam locomotive design and in 1926 introduced his Kylchap exhaust system, based in part on the earlier work of the Finnish engineer Kyläla. Chapelon improved the entrainment of the hot gases in the smokebox by the exhaust steam and so minimized back pressure in the cylinders, increasing the power of a locomotive substantially. He also greatly increased the cross-sectional area of steam passages, used poppet valves instead of piston valves and increased superheating of steam. PO (Paris-Orléans) 4–6–2s rebuilt on these principles from 1929 onwards proved able to haul 800-ton trains, in place of the previous 500-ton trains, and to do so to accelerated schedules with reduced coal consumption. Commencing in 1932, some were converted, at the time of rebuilding, into 4–8–0s to increase adhesive weight for hauling heavy trains over the steeply graded Paris-Toulouse line.Chapelon's principles were quickly adopted on other French railways and elsewhere.H.N. Gresley was particularly influenced by them. After formation of the French National Railways (SNCF) in 1938, Chapelon produced in 1941 a prototype rebuilt PO 2–10–0 freight locomotive as a six-cylinder compound, with four low-pressure cylinders to maximize expansive use of steam and with all cylinders steam-jacketed to minimize heat loss by condensation and radiation. War conditions delayed extended testing until 1948–52. Meanwhile Chapelon had, by rebuilding, produced in 1946 a high-powered, three-cylinder, compound 4–8–4 intended as a stage in development of a proposed range of powerful and thermally efficient steam locomotives for the postwar SNCF: a high-speed 4–6–4 in this range was to run at sustained speeds of 125 mph (200 km/h). However, plans for improved steam locomotives were then overtaken in France by electriflcation and dieselization, though the performance of the 4–8–4, which produced 4,000 hp (3,000 kW) at the drawbar for the first time in Europe, prompted modification of electric locomotives, already on order, to increase their power.Chapelon retired from the SNCF in 1953, but continued to act as a consultant. His principles were incorporated into steam locomotives built in France for export to South America, and even after the energy crisis of 1973 he was consulted on projects to build improved, high-powered steam locomotives for countries with reserves of cheap coal. The eventual fall in oil prices brought these to an end.[br]Bibliography1938, La Locomotive à vapeur, Paris: J.B.Bailière (a comprehensive summary of contemporary knowledge of every function of the locomotive).Further ReadingH.C.B.Rogers, 1972, Chapelon, Genius of French Steam, Shepperton: Ian Allan.1986, "André Chapelon, locomotive engineer: a survey of his work", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 58 (a symposium on Chapelon's work).Obituary, 1978, Railway Engineer (September/October) (makes reference to the technical significance of Chapelon's work).PJGR -
114 Cugnot, Nicolas Joseph
SUBJECT AREA: Land transport[br]b. 26 February 1725 Void, Meuse, Franced. 2 October 1804 Paris, France[br]French military engineer.[br]Cugnot studied military engineering in Germany and returned to Paris by 1769, having left the service of Austria, where he taught military engineering. It was while serving in the army of Les Pays Bas that he invented a "fusil" or carbine, which was adopted by the Archduke Charles and put into service in the Uhlan regiments.In 1769 he invented a fardier à feu, also called a cabriolet, a steam-driven, heavy three-wheeled vehicle. This tractor, designed to pull artillery pieces, was driven through its single front wheel by two single-acting cylinders which rotated the wheel through ratchets. The ratchet pawls were carried on levers pivoted on the wheel axis, coupled to the piston rods by connecting rods. Links from pivots half-way along the levers connected upwards to a rocking cross-beam fixed on the end of the steam cock so as to pass steam alternately from the undersized boiler to the two cylinders. The tractor had to be stopped whenever it needed stoking, and its maximum speed was 4 mph (6.4 km/h). The difficulty of controlling it led to its early demolition of a wall, after which it was locked away and eventually preserved in the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers in Paris. This was, in fact, Cugnot's second vehicle: the first model was presented to the due de Choiseul et Guiberuval, who asked for a more robust and powerful machine which was built at the Arsenal at the expense of the state and tested in 1771. Cugnot was granted a pension of 600 livres. After the revolution he tried in vain in 1798 and 1801 to interest Bonaparte in this invention.[br]BibliographyCugnot published a number of military textbooks, including: 1766, Eléments de l'art militaire.1778, Theory of Fortification.Further ReadingD.J.H.Day, 1980, Engines.A.F.Burstall, 1963, A History of Mechanical Engineering. 1933, Dictionnaire de biographie française.IMcN -
115 Wankel, Felix
[br]b. 13 August 1902 Lahr, Black Forest, Germanyd. 9 October 1988 Lindau, Bavaria, Germany[br]German internal combustion engineer, inventor of the Wankel rotary engine.[br]Wankel was first employed at the German Aeronautical Research Establishment, where he worked on rotary valves and valve sealing techniques in the early 1930s and during the Second World War. In 1951 he joined NSU Motorenwerk AG, a motor manufacturer based at Neckarsulm, near Stuttgart, and began work on his rotary engine; the idea for this had first occurred to Wankel as early as 1929. He had completed his first design by 1954, and in 1957 his first prototype was tested. The Wankel engine has a three-pointed rotor, like a prism of an equilateral triangle but with the sides bowed outwards. This rotor is geared to a driveshaft and rotates within a closely fitting and slightly oval-shaped chamber so that, on each revolution, the power stroke is applied to each of the three faces of the rotor as they pass a single spark plug. Two or more rotors may be mounted coaxially, their power strokes being timed sequentially. The engine has only two moving parts, the rotor and the output shaft, making it about a quarter less in weight compared with a conventional piston engine; however, its fuel consumption is high and its exhaust emissions are relatively highly pollutant. The average Wankel engine speed is 5,500 rpm. The first production car to use a Wankel engine was the NSU Ro80, though this was preceded by the experimental NSU Spyder prototype, an open two-seater. The Japanese company Mazda is the only other automobile manufacturer to have fitted a Wankel engine to a production car, although licences were taken by Alfa Romeo, Peugeot- Citroën, Daimler-Benz, Rolls-Royce, Toyota, Volkswagen-Audi (the company that bought NSU in the mid-1970s) and many others; Daimler-Benz even produced a Mercedes C-111 prototype with a three-rotor Wankel engine. The American aircraft manufacturer Curtiss-Wright carried out research for a Wankel aero-engine which never went into production, but the Austrian company Rotax produced a motorcycle version of the Wankel engine which was fitted by the British motorcycle manufacturer Norton to a number of its models.While Wankel became director of his own research establishment at Lindau, on Lake Constance in southern Germany, Mazda continued to improve the rotary engine and by the time of Wankel's death the Mazda RX-7 coupé had become a successful, if not high-selling, Wankel -engined sports car.[br]Further ReadingN.Faith, 1975, Wankel: The Curious Story Behind the Revolutionary Rotary Engine, New York: Stein \& Day.IMcN
См. также в других словарях:
piston speed — The speed of the piston for a given engine rpm … Dictionary of automotive terms
Mean piston speed — The mean piston speed is the average speed of the piston in a reciprocating engine. It is a function of stroke and RPM. There is a factor of 2 in the equation to account for one stroke to occur in 1/2 of a crank revolution (or alternatively: two… … Wikipedia
speed — [1] The average rate at which an object is travelling. Measured as a relationship of distance per time e.g., meters per second (m/s), kilometers per hour (kph or km/h), feet per second (ft/sec.), miles per hour (mph), or revolutions per minute… … Dictionary of automotive terms
Piston — For other uses, see Piston (disambiguation). Components of a typical, four stroke cycle, DOHC piston engine. (E) Exhaust camshaft, (I) Intake camshaft, (S) Spark plug, (V) Valves, (P) Piston, (R) Connecting rod, (C) Crankshaft, (W) Water jacket… … Wikipedia
piston ring flutter — The oscillations of a piston ring which mainly occur at high engine speed and thus can cause breakage … Dictionary of automotive terms
Constant speed propeller — Cutaway constant speed propeller hub … Wikipedia
Triumph Speed Triple — Infobox Motorcycle name = Triumph Speed Triple aka = manufacturer = Triumph production = 1994 predecessor = successor = parent company = class = Streetfighter platform = engine = 1050 cc Triple 129 hp (96 kW) transmission = suspension = frame =… … Wikipedia
Water speed record — The World Unlimited water speed record is the officially recognised fastest speed achieved by a water borne vehicle. The current record of 511 km/h (317 mph) was achieved in 1978. * From 1909 to 1927 the record was an unofficial listing from the… … Wikipedia
Douglas DC-8 (piston airliner) — For the jetliner, see Douglas DC 8. DC 8 (piston airliner) Role Airliner Manufacturer Douglas Aircraft Status Project cancelled Developed from XB 42 Mixmaster The Douglas DC 8 was a piston engined airliner project by Douglas Airc … Wikipedia
Swing-piston engine — A swing piston engine is a type of internal combustion engine in which the pistons move in a circular motion inside a ring shaped cylinder , moving closer and further from each other to provide compression and expansion. Generally two sets of… … Wikipedia
Adjustable-speed drive — (ASD) or variable speed drive (VSD) describes equipment used to control the speed of machinery. Many industrial processes such as assembly lines must operate at different speeds for different products. Where process conditions demand adjustment… … Wikipedia