per-mŏvĕo

per-mŏvĕo, mōvi, mōtum, 2, v. a., to move or stir up thoroughly.

Lit. (very rare):

mare permotum ventis,

Lucr. 6, 726:

terram sarritione,

Col. 2, 12, 2:

resinae uncias tres dolio immergunt et permovent,

to stir about, shake up, Pall. 11, 14, 3.—

Trop.

Of the mind, to move deeply; to stir up, rouse up, excite; to influence, lead, induce, persuade, prevail on, etc. (freq. and class.):

si quem aratorum fugae, calamitates, exilia, suspendia denique non permovent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144:

in commovendis judicibus, iis sensibus permoveor,

id. de Or. 2, 45, 189:

mentem judicum,

id. Or. 38, 131:

aliquem pollicitationibus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 9:

labore itineris,

id. B. G. 7, 40:

sive iracundiā, sive dolore, sive metu permotus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 6:

his rebus adducti atque auctoritate Orgetorigis permoti,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

plebes dominandi studio permota,

Sall. C. 33, 3: mente permotus, in an ecstasy or frenzy, Cic. Div. 1, 57, 120.—

To stir up, rouse, raise, excite a passion (post-Aug. and rare):

invidiam, misericordiam, metum et iras,

Tac. A. 1, 21.

ā-mŏvĕo, mōvi, mōtum, 2, v. a., to remove from, to put or take away, to withdraw (esp. with effort or trouble; syn.: dimoveo, abduco, averto, arceo, repello): proprie amovetur saxum de loco, Don. ad Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 14; cf.:

amoveamus lapidem de ore putei,

Vulg. Gen. 29, 8; v. amolior.

In gen. (class.): me exinde amovit loco. Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 64:

Ubi erit empta, ut aliquo ex urbe (eam) amoveas,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 94:

testem hanc quom abs te amoveris,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 72:

Age, tamen ego hunc amovebo,

id. Ad. 4, 2, 14:

illum ex istis locis amove,

Cic. Att. 1, 12:

juvenes amoverunt eum,

Vulg. Act. 5, 6:

lex Porcia virgas ab omnium civium corpore amovit,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 12:

Ille est amotus,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 64:

amoto custode,

Prop. 1, 11, 15:

amotis longius ceteris,

Curt. 7, 1:

alia amovimus ab hostium oculis,

Liv. 5, 51:

imagines ex bibliothecis amovere,

Suet. Calig. 34; id. Caes. 68; id. Ner. 47.—Hence: se amovere, to retire, withdraw:

te hinc amove,

off with you! Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 33:

e coetu se amovissent,

Liv. 3, 38:

qui memet finibus umquam amōrim Ausoniae,

Sil. 17, 224:

statuit repente recedere seque e medio quam longissime amovere,

Suet. Tib. 10.— Trop. of abstract ideas, to put away, cast off, etc.:

segnitiem amove,

Plaut. As. 2, 1, 6:

suspitionem ab aliquo,

id. Trin. 3, 3, 54:

socordiamque ex pectore,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 11; so,

crapulam,

id. ib. 5, 1, 35:

amoto metu,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 10:

qui istum amorem ex animo amoveas,

id. ib. 2, 1, 7:

opinionem,

id. ib. 3, 2, 30:

misericordiam,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 6, 16:

amove malitiam a carne,

ib. Eccl. 11, 10:

bellum,

Liv. 5, 35:

amoto quaeramus seria ludo,

jesting aside, Hor. S. 1, 1, 27 al. — Poet., of time, to take with itself: quaecumque vetustate amovet aetas, * Lucr. 1, 225.—

Esp.

In and after the Aug. per., to take away by stealth, to steal (euphemist. for furari, furtum facere):

boves Per dolum amotas,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 10:

si filia familiares res amoverit,

Dig. 25, 2, 3:

aliquid ex heredidate,

ib. 29, 2, 70 al. —

In post-Aug. prose (perh. only in Tac.), to banish:

amotus Cercinam quattuordecim annis exilium toleravit,

Tac. A. 1, 53:

in insulam,

id. ib. 4, 31:

Cretam,

id. ib. 4, 21:

aemulationis suspectos per nomen obsidum amovere,

id. ib. 13, 9; 14, 57.

cĭĕo, cīvi, cĭtum, 2 (from the primitive form cĭo, cīre, prevailing in the compounds accio, excio, etc. (cf. Prisc. pp. 865, 905, and 908 P.), are also found: pres. cio, Mart. 4, 90, 4:

cit,

Verg. Cul. 201; Col. 6, 5, 1 Schneid.:

cimus,

Lucr. 1, 213; 5, 211:

ciunt,

Lact. Ep. 4 dub.:

ciant,

App. Flor. 2, n. 17, p. 358; Mart. Cap. 1, § 91: ciuntur, id. de Mundo, 22, p. 67), v. a. [kindr. with kiô, to go; and by the addition of the causative signif. like kineô, causative from kiô; v. 1. ci.].

Lit., to put in motion; hence, to move, stir, shake (syn.: moveo, commoveo, concito, excito al.;

class. in prose and poetry): calcem,

to make a move in the game of chess, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 86:

natura omnia ciens et agitans,

Cic. N. D. 3, 11, 27: inanimum est omne, quod pulsu agitatur externo;

quod autem est animal, id motu cietur interiore et suo,

id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54 (for which, in the same chapter, several times movere; cf. also id. N. D. 2, 9, 23):

remos,

Stat. Th. 6, 801:

imo Nereus ciet aequora fundo,

stirs up, Verg. A. 2, 419:

puppes sinistrorsum citae,

Hor. Epod. 9, 20.—

In judic. lang. t. t.:

ciere erctum (lit. to put in motion, i. e.),

to divide the inheritance, Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 237; cf. erctum.—

Trop., to put in motion, to rouse up, disturb: natura maris per se immobilis est, et venti et aurae cient, Liv. 28, 27, 11:

saltum canibus ciere,

Lucr. 5, 1250: fontes et stagna, Cic. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 9, 15:

tonitru caelum omne ciebo,

Verg. A. 4, 122:

loca sonitu cientur,

Lucr. 4, 608; cf.:

reboat raucum regio cita barbara bombum,

id. 4, 544 Lachm. N. cr. —

With reference to the terminus ad quem, to move, excite, or call to ( poet. or in Aug. and post-Aug. prose for the common accire):

ad sese aliquem,

Cat. 68, 88:

ad arma,

Liv. 5, 47, 4; Sil. 7, 43:

in pugnam,

id. 4, 272:

armatos ad pugnam,

Vell. 2, 6, 6:

aere ciere viros,

Verg. A. 6, 165:

quos e proximis coloniis ejus rei fama civerat,

Tac. A. 15, 33:

aliquem in aliquem,

id. H. 1, 84, 5:

ab ultimis subsidiis cietur miles (sc. in primam aciem),

Liv. 9, 39, 8:

ille cieri Narcissum postulat,

Tac. A. 11, 30.—

To call upon for help, to invoke; of invoking superior beings:

nocturnos manes,

Verg. A. 4, 490:

luctificam Alecto dirarum ab sede sororum,

id. ib. 7, 325:

vipereasque ciet Stygiā de valle sorores (i. e. Furias),

Ov. M. 6, 662:

numina nota ciens,

Val. Fl. 4, 549:

foedera et deos,

Liv. 22, 14, 7.—

In gen., to call upon any one by name, to mention by name:

erum,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 11:

comites magnā voce,

Lucr. 4, 578:

animamque sepulcro Condimus et magnā supremum voce ciemus,

Verg. A. 3, 68:

lamentatione flebili majores suos ciens ipsumque Pompeium,

Tac. A. 3, 23:

singulos nomine,

id. ib. 2, 81; so Suet. Ner. 46: triumphum nomine ciere, i. e. to call Io triumphe! Liv. 45, 38, 12.—Hence,

In a civil sense: patrem, to name one ' s father, i. e. show one ' s free birth, Liv. 10, 8, 10.—

To put any course of action in progress or any passion in motion, i. e. to excite, stimulate, rouse, to produce, effect, cause, occasion, begin (very freq., esp. in poetry):

solis uti varios cursus lunaeque meatus Noscere possemus quae vis et causa cierent,

Lucr. 5, 773:

motus,

id. 3, 379; Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20:

varias voces,

Lucr. 5, 1059:

lamenta virum commoliri atque ciere,

id. 6, 242 Lachm. N. cr.:

tinnitus aere,

Cat. 64, 262; Verg. G. 4, 64 (cie tinnitus):

singultus ore,

Cat. 64, 131:

gemitus,

Verg. G. 3, 517:

fletus,

id. A. 3, 344:

lacrimas,

id. ib. 6, 468:

mugitus,

id. ib. 12, 103:

murmur,

id. G. 1, 110; Liv. 9, 7, 3:

bellum,

id. 5, 37, 2; Vell. 2, 54; Tac. H. 3, 41 fin.; Verg. A. 1, 541:

belli simulacra,

id. ib. 5, 674:

seditiones,

Liv. 4, 52, 2:

tumultum,

id. 28, 17, 16; 41, 24, 18:

vires intimas molemque belli,

Tac. A. 15, 2 fin.; cf. id. H. 3, 1:

pugnam,

Liv. 1, 12, 2; 2, 47, 1; 9, 22, 7; Tac. A. 3, 41:

proelium,

Liv. 2, 19, 10; 4, 33, 3; 7, 33, 12;

10, 28, 8: Martem,

Verg. A. 9, 766:

acies, stragem,

id. ib. 6, 829; cf. Liv. 22, 39, 7:

rixam,

Vell. 1, 2 al. —

In medic.:

alvum,

to cause evacuation, Plin. 20, 9, 38, § 96:

urinam,

id. 27, 7, 28, § 48:

menses,

to cause menstruation, id. 26, 15, 90, § 151 sq. al.—Hence, cĭtus, a, um, P. a., lit. put in motion; hence, quick, swift, rapid (opp. tardus, Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216; Sall. C. 15, 5; class.; esp. freq. in poetry;

rare in Cic.): ad scribendum citus,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 86:

quod jubeat citis quadrigis citius properet persequi,

id. Aul. 4, 1, 14; Verg. A. 8, 642:

bigae,

Cat. 55, 26:

puppis,

id. 64, 6; Tib. 4, 1, 69:

classis,

Hor. C. 1, 37, 24:

navis,

Ov. M. 15, 732; Tac. A. 2, 6:

axis,

Ov. M. 2, 75:

fugae,

id. ib. 1, 543:

plantae,

id. ib. 10, 591:

incessus,

Sall. C. 15, 5:

via,

Liv. 33, 48, 1:

venator,

Hor. C. 1, 37, 18:

cum militibus,

Tac. A. 11, 1:

legionibus,

id. ib. 14, 26:

agmine,

id. ib. 1, 63;

4, 25: cohortes,

id. ib. 12, 31:

mors,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 29; id. S. 1, 1, 8:

pes, i. e. iambus,

id. A. P. 252.— Comp.: nullam ego rem citiorem apud homines esse quam famam reor, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Val. Max. 3, 8, ext. 1.— Sup., Quint. 6, 4, 14 dub.; v. Spald. and Zumpt in h. l.—

In the poets very freq. (also a few times in Tac.) instead of the adv. cito:

citi ad aedis venimus Circae, Liv. And. ap. Fest. s. v. topper, p. 352, 6 Müll.: equites parent citi,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 2, 2, 70; Lucr. 1, 386:

somnus fugiens citus abiit,

Cat. 63, 42: solvite vela citi, Verg, A. 4, 574; cf. id. ib. 9, 37; 12, 425; Hor. S. 1, 10, 92; cf. id. C. 3, 7, 27:

ite citi,

Ov. M. 3, 562; Tac. H. 2, 40:

si citi advenissent,

id. A. 12, 12.—Hence,

cĭto, adv.

Quickly, speedily, soon (freq. in prose and poetry of all periods):

quam tarda es! non vis citius progredi?

Phaedr. 3, 6, 2; [p. 331] Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 44:

eloquere,

id. Cist. 4, 2, 83:

abi cito et suspende te,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 20; 3, 1, 16:

labascit victus uno verbo: quam cito!

id. Eun. 1, 2, 98:

quod eum negasti, qui non cito quid didicisset, umquam omnino posse perdiscere,

Cic. de Or. 3, 36, 146; cf. Hor. A. P. 335; Quint. 12, 8, 3; 11, 2, 2; 10, 6, 2:

non multum praestant sed cito,

id. 1, 3, 4 et saep.: sat cito si sat bene, a moral saying of Cato in Hier. Ep. 66, n. 9:

cito rumpes arcum, semper si tensum habueris,

Phaedr. 3, 14, 10:

ad paenitendum properat cito qui judicat, Publ. Syr. Sent. 6: scribere,

Quint. 10, 3, 10:

nimis cito diligere,

Cic. Lael. 21, 78:

cito absolvere, tarde condemnare,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 26.— Comp.:

citius,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 14; Pers. 3, 3, 31; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 23; Lucr. 1, 557; 2, 34; Cic. Sen. 2, 4:

Noto citius, Verg.A.5, 242 et saep.: dicto,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; Verg. A. 1, 142:

supremā die, i. e. ante supremam diem,

Hor. C. 1, 13, 20:

serius aut citius sedem properamus ad unam (for which serius ocius,

id. ib. 2, 3, 26), sooner or later, Ov. M. 10, 33.— Sup.:

citissime,

Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. al.—

With the negative, sometimes equivalent to non facile, not easily (cf. the Gr. tacha):

haud cito,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 89:

neque verbis aptiorem cito alium dixerim, neque sententiis crebriorem,

Cic. Brut. 76, 264: quem tu non tam cito rhetorem dixisses quam politikon, id. ib. § 265.—

Sometimes in comp. without the negative, = potius, sooner, rather:

ut citius diceres, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 67, 238 fin.:

citius dixerim, jactasse se aliquos, etc.,

id. Phil. 2, 11, 25; id. Fam. 5, 2, 10; id. Off. 1, 18, 59; Hor. S. 2, 5, 35.—

cĭtē, quickly, Scrib. Comp. 198.

dī-mŏvĕo, ōvi, ōtum (DISMOTUM, v. infra), 2, v. a. (in MSS. and edd. often confounded with demoveo, q. v.; not freq. before the Aug. per.; not in Caes. and Quint.; perh. not in Cic., where demovere appears everywhere to be the better reading).

To move asunder, to part, put asunder, separate, divide:

terram aratro,

Verg. G. 2, 513; cf.:

glebas aratro,

Ov. M. 5, 341:

aera (c. c. dispellere umbras),

Verg. A. 5, 839; cf.

auras,

id. ib. 9, 645:

cinerem foco,

Ov. M. 8, 642:

undas,

Lucr. 6, 891; Ov. M. 4, 708; cf.

aquas,

id. H. 18, 80; 19, 48:

rubum,

Hor. C. 1, 23, 7.— Poet.:

ubi sol radiis terram dimovit abortus (preceded by: ubi roriferis terram nox obruit umbris),

cleaves the earth, lays it open, Lucr. 6, 869.—

Transf.

Of a multitude of persons or things, to separate from each other, to scatter, disperse, drive away, dismiss:

humentem umbram polo,

Verg. A. 3, 589; 4, 7; cf.:

gelidam umbram caelo,

id. ib. 11, 210:

obstantes propinquos,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 51:

turbam,

Tac. H. 3, 31; 80; Suet. Galb. 19; cf.:

dimotis omnibus,

Tac. H. 2, 49; cf.: VTEI EA BACANALIA SEI QVA SVNT... DISMOTA SIENT, i. e. be dissolved, abolished, S. C. de Bacchan. fin. —

To separate from something, to remove.

Lit.:

quos (equites) spes societatis a plebe dimoverat,

Sall. J. 42, 1; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23:

dimovit perfregitque custodias Poena,

Plin. Pan. 49:

parietes (al. demotis),

Tac. A. 6, 24:

plagulas (lecticae),

Suet. Tit. 10 al. —

Trop.: gaudentem patrios findere sarculo Numquam dimoveas, ut, etc., thou canst never entice away, in order to, etc., Hor. C. 1, 1, 13 (al. demo-).—

To move to and fro, to put in motion (cf. dimitto, no. I.—so perh. only in Celsus):

superiores partes,

Cels. 3, 27, 3:

manus,

id. 2, 14 fin.:

se inambulatione levi,

id. 4, 24 al.

mōmentum, i, n. [for movimentum, from moveo], a movement, motion (as an indwelling force; cf.: motio, motus; class.).

Lit.:

astra forma ipsa figuraque sua momenta sustentant,

Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 117:

pisces levi caudae in utrumque momento velocitatem suam flectunt,

Sen. Ep. 90, 24:

utque leves tactus momentaque parva sequantur,

Ov. M. 4, 180.—

Transf.

An alteration, change, disturbance, movement, revolution:

cetera populi Romani vectigalia, perlevi saepe momento fortunae, inclinatione temporis pendere,

Cic. Agr. 2, 29, 80:

nullum momentum annonae facere,

to effect no alteration in the price of corn, Liv. 4, 12:

animi,

id. 39, 5:

provincias magnis momentis concusserat,

Vell. 2, 78, 1:

sine momento rerum, partisque ruinā cadere,

Luc. 7, 118.—

A particle sufficient to turn the scales:

momentum staterae,

Vulg. Isa. 40, 15; id. Sap. 11, 23; hence, a particle, a part, a point:

myrrhae momentum,

Plin. 30, 10, 27, § 87:

quibus (regnis) pro ignobili momento erat accessura Macedonia,

a make-weight, Just. 7, 3, 1:

sol cotidie ex alio caeli momento, quam pridie, oritur,

a point, part, Plin. 18, 34, 77, § 333:

corpus orationis in parva momenta diducendo consumere,

Quint. 3, 11, 23; to lose the main subject in minute divisions:

ordo rerum tribus momentis consertus est,

id. 5, 10, 71:

officiorum,

parts, Cic. Mur. 2, 3. —

In partic.

Of time, a short time, brief space, moment (syn. punctum):

parvis momentis multa natura affingit,

instants, moments, Cic. Div. 1, 52, 118:

momentis certis dimensis,

at certain fixed times, Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 3:

non cunctandum ratus Hannibal, totis viribus adgressus urbem momento cepit,

Liv. 21, 14, 3:

momento temporis,

in a moment, id. 21, 33; 35, 11, 13:

momento horae,

in quick lapse of time, Hor. S. 1, 1, 7; cf.:

momento unius horae,

Curt. 9, 6, 21:

horae momento,

Liv. 5, 7, 3; 9, 16:

Maecenati triennio supremo nullo horae momento contigit somnus,

could not sleep a single hour, Plin. 7, 51, 52, § 172:

brevi horarum momento,

in a few hours, Just. 2, 14, 9:

ut momentum horae pereat,

that a short hour be lost, Phaedr. 3 prol. 5:

momento fit cinis diu silva,

in a moment, Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 3:

in momento, in ictu oculi,

Vulg. 1 Cor. 15, 52:

in momento indignationis,

id. Isa. 54, 8:

pruna stomacho non utilissima, sed brevi momento,

are hurtful, but only for a short time, Plin. 23, 7, 66, § 132:

quantum quoquo momento temporis adiciatur,

Gai. Inst. 2, 70:

hoc fit dicis gratia uno momento,

id. ib. 1, 141.—

Transf., of space, distance, a little way:

parvo momento antecedere,

Caes. B. C. 2, 6:

visūs nostri tarditas non subsequitur momenta currentis (sc. stellae), sed videt simul et unde exsilierit et quo pervenerit,

does not trace the successive points of its course, but sees the whole at once, Sen. Q. N. 1, 14, 4.—

Trop., a cause, a circumstance; weight, influence, importance, moment:

minimis momentis maximae inclinationes temporum fiunt,

from the slightest causes spring the greatest changes, Cic. Phil. 5, 10, 26:

momenta omnia observare,

all the circumstances, id. Fam. 6, 10, 5:

unamquamque rem momento suo ponderare,

according to its importance, id. Font. 6, 21; cf.:

ut omnia verborum momentis, non rerum ponderibus examinet,

id. Rep. 3, 8, 12:

ita parvae res magnum in utramque partem momentum habuerunt,

influence, Caes. B. C. 3, 70:

quorum adventus hoc tamen momenti fecit, ut Scipio abscederet inde, etc.,

Liv. 29, 35:

nullum momentum in dando adimendoque regno habere,

no decisive influence, id. 1, 47, 6:

momenti aliquid apud Magnetas ad repetendam societatem Romanam facere,

id. 35, 39, 3:

cave quidquam habeat momenti gratia,

weight, influence, Cic. Mur. 30, 62:

magno ad persuadendum momento esse,

id. Inv. 2, 26, 77:

potentia,

motives, Ov. M. 11, 285:

Leonis (sideris),

influence, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 16:

praebe nostrae momenta saluti,

promote, Ov. P. 4, 13, 49:

erant octo cohortes... tum discordiā temporum a legione digressae, prout inclinassent, grande momentum sociae aut adversae,

Tac. H. 1, 59:

levi momento aestimare aliquid,

to consider of little moment, to prize lightly, Caes. B. G. 7, 39:

nullius momenti aliquid putare,

of no moment, unimportant, Cic. Vatin. 1, 1: nullius momenti apud exercitum futurum, Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:

quod (oppidum) per se parvum magni momenti locum obtinuit,

Tac. H. 3, 8:

id est maximi momenti et ponderis,

of the greatest moment, Cic. Vatin. 4, 19:

exponunt, se tentāsse etiam haud magni momenti finitimarum gentium auxilia,

Liv. 10, 16, 5:

sed in bello nihil tam leve est, quod non magnae interdum rei momentum faciat,

id. 25, 18, 3; 28, 17, 10; 27, 45, 5:

inpensam in rem maximi ad omnia momenti facere,

id. 43, 23, 8:

nullā in re nisi in virtute propensionem ne minimi quidem momenti esse ad, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 4, 17, 47:

omnino nihil habere momenti,

id. ib. 2, 12, 38.

nōn (old collat. forms noenum and noenu, cf. Lachm. ad Lucr. tom. 2, p. 149 sq.:

noenum pro non Lucilius lib. XXX.: sed tamen hoc dicas, quid est, si noenu molestum'st. Varro Epistola ad Fusium: si hodie noenum venis, cras quidem, etc.,

Non. 143, 33 sq.: noenum rumores ponebat ante salutem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1; Ann. v. 314 Vahl.; so, noenum sperando cupide rem prodere summam, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 229 Müll.;

Ann. v. 411 ib.: noenum mecastor,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 28: noenu necesse'st, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 62, 127;

Ann. v. 161 Vahl.: noenu potest,

Lucr. 3, 199 Lachm. N. cr.:

noenu queunt,

id. 4, 712), adv. [contr. from neoenum, i. e. nec unum, not one, like ne hilum, not any thing (cf. Engl. not, i. q. naught, Angl.-Sax. naht, contr. from ne-aht); cf. Germ. nein], not:

hocine agis an non?

Ter. And. 1, 2, 15:

non erat abundans, non inops tamen,

Cic. Brut. 67, 238:

non est ita, judices, non est profecto,

id. Fl. 22, 53:

cum ipsi auxilium ferre, si cupiant, non queant,

id. Rep. 1, 5, 9; 1, 2, 2:

eam (fugam) si nunc sequor, quonam? Cum illo non,

id. Att. 8, 3, 5.—

Non before negatives forms a weak affirmative, and before adverbs of emphatic assertion (as prorsus, omnino, etc.) a weak negative:

moveo nonnullis suspicionem, velle me navigare: quod tamen fortasse non nollem, si possem ad otium,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2; so,

non nemo, non nihil, non nullus, v. h. vv: Res has non omnino quidem, sed magnam partem relinquere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 3: so, non prorsus, etc.—

After negatives it forms a strong affirmative, and after the adverbs above named a strong negative:

nihil non ad rationem dirigebat,

Cic. Brut. 37, 140;

v. nemo, nihil, nullus: prorsus non arbitror,

id. Tusc. 4, 4, 8:

omnino non dicere,

Quint. 10, 7, 24.—

But the negative force of non is not destroyed by a following ne... quidem, or nec... nec: non fugio ne hos quidem mores. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 210; Liv. 28, 42, 16:

non medius fidius prae lacrimis possum reliqua nec cogitare nec scribere,

Cic. Att. 9, 12, 1.—In a very few passages non is added to a negative to strengthen it (cf. Gr. ou mê):

nolle successum non patribus, non consulibus,

Liv. 2, 45, 5; id. 3, 11, 6:

nec sursum nec deorsum non cresco,

Petr. 58:

horam eximere nullam... non possumus,

Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 7; Plaut. Mil. 5, 18; id. Curc. 4, 4, 23; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 8.—

Unus non = ne unus quidem:

unus enim vir Numantinus non fuit, qui in catenis duceretur,

Flor. 2, 18, 17.—

Per litoten, [p. 1215] emphatic, by no means, not at all, the reverse of:

non ignobilis tragicus,

Quint. 1, 12, 18:

non inimici mihi,

Curt. 7, 10, 7; esp. with sup.:

Cethegus homo non probatissimus,

Cic. Par. 5, 3, 40:

homo non aptissimus ad jocandum,

id. N. D. 2, 17, 47:

non minime commoveri,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 125:

tu me consiliario fortasse non imperitissimo usus esses,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 2.—

Non quod, non quo, not that, not as if:

non quod sola ornent, sed quod excellant,

Cic. Or. 39, 134: me non sane movet res publica;

non quo sit mihi quidquam carius: sed, etc.,

id. Att. 16, 15, 5:

non quo sit servulus unus, idem quod familia, verum quia,

id. Caecin. 20, 58.—

Non nisi, only:

non nisi vicinas tutus arārit aquas,

Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 36; v. nisi.—

Non vero, truly not:

non vero tam isti quam tu ipse nugator,

Cic. Sen. 9, 27.—

Non modo, non solum... sed or sed etiam, not only... but also:

non modo falsum illud esse, sed hoc verissimum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 70; id. Lael. 15, 54;

v. modo and solum.—Sometimes sed is omitted: nec solum apud Caecinam: Fabii quoque Valentis, etc.,

Tac. H. 2, 27.—

Non modo (solum) non... sed or sed etiam, not only not... but even: sed ne... quidem... but not even:

ut non modo a mente non deserar, sed id ipsum doleam, me, etc.,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2:

hoc non modo non laudari, sed ne concedi quidem potest,

id. Mur. 3, 8:

tu id non modo non prohibebas, verum etiam approbabas,

id. Att. 16, 7, 3.—When the verb of the second clause is the common predicate of both clauses, the second non is omitted in the first clause:

talis vir non modo facere, sed ne cogitare quidem quidquam audebit,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77:

assentatio, quae non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

id. Lael. 24, 89:

advena non modo vicinae sed ne Italicae quidem stirpis,

Liv. 1, 40, 2; 3, 24, 4; 6, 20, 2:

neque solum inscientiam meam, sed ne rerum quidem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 203:

quod mihi non modo irasci, sed ne dolere quidem impune licet,

id. Att. 11, 24, 1:

non mentibus solum consipere, sed ne auribus quidem satis constare poterant,

Liv. 5, 42, 3; 4, 3, 11;

so with sed vix in the second clause: haec genera virtutum non solum in moribus nostris, sed vix jam in libris reperiuntur,

Cic. Cael. 17, 40:

non modo ad expeditiones sed vix ad quietas stationes viribus sufficiebant,

Liv. 3, 6, 8;

very rarely verum ne... quidem, instead of sed ne... quidem,

Cic. Rep. 3, 30, 42; id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 724.—

Non ita, non tam, not so very, not particularly:

simulacra non ita antiqua,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109:

non ita lato interjecto mari,

id. Or. 8, 25:

non ita diu,

id. Brut. 66, 233:

quae nunc quidem non tam est in plerisque,

id. ib. 15, 58.—So, non fere, scarcely, hardly (v. fere):

non fere quisquam,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182.—

Non si, not even if:

injussu tuo imperator, extra ordinem numquam pugnaverim, non si certam victoriam videam,

Liv. 7, 10; Sen. Ep. 59, 8; Hor. C. 2, 14, 5; so,

followed by idcirco (ideo, eo, propterea, etc.): non si Opimium defendisti, idcirco te isti bonum civem putabunt,

Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 170; id. Cael. 9, 21; id. Top. 16, 60; Liv. 3, 45, 8.—

For nedum, much less:

vix mehercule servis hoc eum suis, non vobis probaturum arbitrer,

Cic. Agr. 2, 9, 22.—

In an interrogation for nonne:

quid haec amentia significat? non vim? non scelus? non latrocinium?

Cic. Quint. 26, 82; id. Rosc. Com. 2, 5; id. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 50.—

For ne ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose, regarded by Quint. as a solecism):

qui tamen dicat pro illo Ne feceris, Non feceris, in idem incidat vitium, quia alterum negandi est, alterum vetandi,

Quint. 1, 5, 50:

vos quoque non caris aures onerate lapillis... Munditiis capimur: non sint sine lege capilli,

Ov. A. A. 3, 129; id. P. 1, 2, 105:

non Teucros agat in Rutulos,

Verg. A. 12, 78:

non etiam sileas,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 91:

non sit, qui tollere curat,

id. A. P. 460:

non ancilla tuum jecur ulceret ulla puerve,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 72:

non dubitaveris,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 3; so,

non credideris,

Rutil. Lup. 2, 9.—

With substantives coalescing to form one notion:

nec vero, aut quod efficeret aliquid, aut quod efficeretur, posse esse non corpus,

Cic. Ac. 1, 11, 40:

etiam non orator,

Quint. 2, 15, 17; 4, 1, 22: veri non dissimulator amoris, Ov. M. 5, 61:

quasi servitute praedii non possessori relicta,

Dig. 34, 1, 14 fin.:

non dominus,

ib. 43, 15, 7.—

As an answer, no:

aut etiam aut non respondere,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 104:

exhereditavitne (pater filium)? Non,

id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; id. Ac. 2, 30, 97; id. N. D. 1, 25, 70.—

In questions, non expresses surprise, and doubt of the possibility of denial (v. Madv. Gram. §

451): non sum ego servus Amphitruonis Sosia?

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 247:

non tu scis, etc.?

id. ib. 2, 2, 71:

haec non turpe est dubitare philosophos, quae ne rustici quidem dubitant,

Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; id. Leg. 3, 20, 47:

Quid? aviam tuam pater tuus non manifesto necavit,

id. Clu. 14, 40.